ASTM D153-84(2020)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Pigments
Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Pigments
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover three procedures for determining the specific gravity of pigments, as follows: Test Method A which is for routine testing of several samples simultaneously, Test Method B which is for tests requiring greater accuracy than Test Method A, and Test Method C which is for rapid and accurate testing of single samples. The specific gravity value obtained by these procedures may be used with the weight of a dry pigment to determine the volume occupied by the pigment in a coating formulation. For Test Method A, the following apparatus and materials shall be used: pycnometer, water bath, manometer, desiccator, vacuum pumps, thermometer, weighing bottle, and immersion liquid. For Test Method B, the following apparatus and materials shall be used: pycnometer, water bath, manometer, vacuum pump, thermometer, weighing bottle, bell jar, and bottle. For Test Method C, the following apparatus and materials shall be used: buret, flask, stopcocks, vacuum pump, manometer, thermometer, weighing bottle, and immersion liquid.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover three procedures for determining the specific gravity of pigments, as follows:
Test Method A—For Routine Testing of Several Samples Simultaneously.
Test Method B—For Tests Requiring Greater Accuracy than Test Method A.
Test Method C—For Rapid and Accurate Testing of Single Samples.
1.2 The specific gravity value obtained by these procedures may be used with the weight of a dry pigment to determine the volume occupied by the pigment in a coating formulation.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 5, 11, and 15.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D153 −84 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Methods for
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Specific Gravity of Pigments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D153; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Purity of Reagents
1.1 These test methods cover three procedures for determin- 3.1 PurityofWater—Reference to water shall be understood
ing the specific gravity of pigments, as follows: to mean reagent water as defined by Type II of Specification
Test Method A—For Routine Testing of Several Samples D1193.
Simultaneously.
TEST METHOD A—FOR ROUTINE TESTING OF
Test Method B—For Tests Requiring Greater Accuracy than
SEVERAL SAMPLES SIMULTANEOUSLY
Test Method A.
Test Method C—For Rapid and Accurate Testing of Single
4. Apparatus and Materials
Samples.
4.1 Pycnometer—A pycnometer (Note 1) having a 50-mL
1.2 The specific gravity value obtained by these procedures
capacity.
may be used with the weight of a dry pigment to determine the
NOTE 1—The Weld type with the cap seal on the outside of the neck of
volume occupied by the pigment in a coating formulation.
the bottle is preferred because there is less danger of trapping air just
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
under the capillary tube than with types having the ground glass seal on
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information the inside of the neck.
only.
4.2 Water Bath, maintained at 25 6 0.5°C and equipped
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the with a stirring device.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3 Manometer, open- or closed-tube (see Part f of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
apparatus for Test Method C), made of glass tubing 6 mm in
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
diameter, fitted with rubber pressure tubing attached to a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
T-joint leading to the desiccator and the pump. For the
For specific hazard statements, see Sections 5, 11, and 15.
open-tube type 860 mm of mercury shall be used. The
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
difference in levels of the mercury in the manometer when the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
system is in operation, subtracted from the barometer reading
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
taken at the same time, shall be considered the absolute
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
pressure of the system in millimetres of mercury.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.4 Desiccator, glass, constructed with heavy walls to with-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
stand a vacuum of one atmosphere, and with an opening at the
side.
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.5 VacuumPumps—Alaboratory water vacuum-type pump
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(Note 2), to remove the greater portion of air in the desiccator,
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
and an oil vacuum-type pump, motor-driven, and capable of
reducing the absolute pressure of the system to 3 mm.
1 NOTE 2—The water vacuum pump may be omitted if the rate of
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
evacuation with the oil pump can be controlled so as to avoid a rapid
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
ebullition of entrapped air and possible loss of specimen.
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
4.6 Thermometer, having a range from 0 to 60°C, and
approved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D153 – 84 (2014).
graduated in 0.1°C divisions.
DOI: 10.1520/D0153-84R20.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.7 WeighingBottle, wide-mouth cylindrical glass (about 30
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mm in height and 70 mm in diameter), provided with a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ground-glass stopper.
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D153−84 (2020)
4.8 Immersion Liq
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