ASTM D3898-93(2015)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Basic Chromium Tanning Liquors
Standard Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Basic Chromium Tanning Liquors
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The procedure described is for the quality control for manufacturing liquors and specifications for the purchase of such liquors.
4.2 The chromium content of the liquors determines the amount to be used to obtain the desired degree of tannage, and hence may be a matter for specification in the purchase of leather.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of chromic oxide in chrome tanning liquors, either simple, with added aluminum or zirconium, or with the usual masking complexing agents.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3898 − 93 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Chromic Oxide in Basic Chromium Tanning Liquors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 The chromium content of the liquors determines the
amount to be used to obtain the desired degree of tannage, and
1.1 This test method covers the determination of chromic
hence may be a matter for specification in the purchase of
oxide in chrome tanning liquors, either simple, with added
leather.
aluminum or zirconium, or with the usual masking complexing
agents.
5. Interferences
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5.1 The test method is generally the most accurate and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
convenient for the purpose. However, if the liquor contains
standard.
iron or copper, which interfere with the sodium thiosulfate
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
titration, or complex organic or inorganic reducing agents
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(sodium thiosulfate, for example) which are not oxidized by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
alkaline peroxide but reduce hexavalent chromium on
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
acidification, an alternate procedure must be used. The per-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
chloricacidmethoddescribedinTestMethodD2807,usingthe
ferrous sulfate titration, is suitable, although the results ob-
2. Referenced Documents
tained may be one to two percent low.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Reagents and Materials
D2807 Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Leather (Perchlo-
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
ric Acid Oxidation)
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
3. Summary of Test Method
tee onAnalytical Reagents ofTheAmerican Chemical Society,
3.1 The solution is oxidized with sodium peroxide until the 3
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
chromium is completely converted to the chromate ion. The
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
solution is boiled to complete oxidation of organic materials
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
and to destroy excess peroxide; it is then cooled and acidified.
accuracy of the determination.
Potassium iodide is added and the liberated iodine is titrated
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, reference
with standardized sodium thiosulfate.
to water shall be understood to mean distilled water or water of
equal purity.
4. Significance and Use
6.3 Sodium Peroxide, (Na O ). Store in original metal can.
2 2
4.1 The procedure described is for the quality control for
manufacturing liquors and specifications for the purchase of 6.4 Starch Indicator,1% —Make a paste of1gof soluble
such liquors. starch in about 10 mL of water, add 90 mL water and boil for
1 min with stirring. Cool and add 1 drop of chloroform. The
solution is subject to decomposition and should be renewed if
a deep blue color is not obtained on addition of 1 drop of
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
indicator to a solution of 1 drop tincture of iodine in 100 mL
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.06 on ChemicalAnalysis This
test method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists
of water.
Assoc.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D3898 – 93 (2009). Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
DOI: 10.1520/D3898-93R15. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3898 − 93 (2015)
6.5 Sodium Thiosulfate Solution , 0.1 N—Dissolve 24.85 g continue the titration until the
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3898 − 93 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Chromic Oxide in Basic Chromium Tanning Liquors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 The chromium content of the liquors determines the
amount to be used to obtain the desired degree of tannage, and
1.1 This test method covers the determination of chromic
hence may be a matter for specification in the purchase of
oxide in chrome tanning liquors, either simple, with added
leather.
aluminum or zirconium, or with the usual masking complexing
agents.
5. Interferences
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5.1 The test method is generally the most accurate and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
convenient for the purpose. However, if the liquor contains
standard.
iron or copper, which interfere with the sodium thiosulfate
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
titration, or complex organic or inorganic reducing agents
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(sodium thiosulfate, for example) which are not oxidized by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
alkaline peroxide but reduce hexavalent chromium on
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
acidification, an alternate procedure must be used. The per-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
chloric acid method described in Test Method D2807, using the
ferrous sulfate titration, is suitable, although the results ob-
2. Referenced Documents tained may be one to two percent low.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Reagents and Materials
D2807 Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Leather (Perchlo-
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
ric Acid Oxidation)
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
3. Summary of Test Method
tee on Analytical Reagents of The American Chemical Society,
3.1 The solution is oxidized with sodium peroxide until the
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
chromium is completely converted to the chromate ion. The
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
solution is boiled to complete oxidation of organic materials
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
and to destroy excess peroxide; it is then cooled and acidified.
accuracy of the determination.
Potassium iodide is added and the liberated iodine is titrated
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, reference
with standardized sodium thiosulfate.
to water shall be understood to mean distilled water or water of
equal purity.
4. Significance and Use
6.3 Sodium Peroxide, (Na O ). Store in original metal can.
2 2
4.1 The procedure described is for the quality control for
manufacturing liquors and specifications for the purchase of 6.4 Starch Indicator, 1 % —Make a paste of 1 g of soluble
such liquors. starch in about 10 mL of water, add 90 mL water and boil for
1 min with stirring. Cool and add 1 drop of chloroform. The
solution is subject to decomposition and should be renewed if
a deep blue color is not obtained on addition of 1 drop of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather
indicator to a solution of 1 drop tincture of iodine in 100 mL
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.06 on Chemical Analysis This
test method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists of water.
Assoc.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D3898 – 93 (2009). Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
DOI: 10.1520/D3898-93R15. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3898 − 93 (2015)
6.5 Sodium Thiosulfate Solution , 0.1 N—Dissolve 24.85 g continue the titration until the deep blue color changes to a
of Na S O ·5 H O in water, add 1 g Na CO , and dilute to 1 L. clea
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3898 − 93 (Reapproved 2009) D3898 − 93 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Chromic Oxide in Basic Chromium Tanning Liquors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of chromic oxide in chrome tanning liquors, either simple, with added aluminum
or zirconium, or with the usual masking complexing agents.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2807 Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Leather (Perchloric Acid Oxidation)
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The solution is oxidized with sodium peroxide until the chromium is completely converted to the chromate ion. The solution
is boiled to complete oxidation of organic materials and to destroy excess peroxide; it is then cooled and acidified. Potassium iodide
is added and the liberated iodine is titrated with standardized sodium thiosulfate.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The procedure described is for the quality control for manufacturing liquors and specifications for the purchase of such
liquors.
4.2 The chromium content of the liquors determines the amount to be used to obtain the desired degree of tannage, and hence
may be a matter for specification in the purchase of leather.
5. Interferences
5.1 The test method is generally the most accurate and convenient for the purpose. However, if the liquor contains iron or
copper, which interfere with the sodium thiosulfate titration, or complex organic or inorganic reducing agents (sodium thiosulfate,
for example) which are not oxidized by alkaline peroxide but reduce hexavalent chromium on acidification, an alternate procedure
must be used. The perchloric acid method described in Test Method D2807, using the ferrous sulfate titration, is suitable, although
the results obtained may be one to two percent low.
6. Reagents and Materials
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of The American Chemical Society, where
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.06 on Chemical Analysis This test
method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assoc.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009Sept. 1, 2015. Published July 2009October 2015. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20032009 as
D3898 – 93 (2003).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D3898-93R09.10.1520/D3898-93R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , , American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National
Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3898 − 93 (2015)
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, reference to water shall be understood to mean distilled water or water of equal
purity.
6.3 Sodium Peroxide, (Na O ). Store in original metal can.
2 2
6.4 Starch Indicator, 1 % —Make a paste of 1 g of soluble starch in about 10 mL of water, add 90 mL water and boil for 1 min
with stirring. Cool and add 1 drop of chloroform. The solution is subject to decomposition and should be renewed if a deep blue
color is not obtained on addition of 1 drop of indicator to a solution of 1 drop tincture of iodine in 100 mL of water.
6.5 Sodium Thiosulfate Solution , 0.1 N—Dissol
...
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