ASTM D2014-97(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Expansion or Contraction of Coal by the Sole-Heated Oven
Standard Test Method for Expansion or Contraction of Coal by the Sole-Heated Oven
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The values determined in this test method indicate to what extent a given coal or coal blend will expand or contract during the carbonization process when evaluated in terms of pertinent experience with other coals and coal blends and processing conditions used in commercial-type coke ovens.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a large-scale laboratory test for obtaining information on the expansion or contraction of coal or coal blends during carbonization under specified conditions. This test method is applicable in the examination of coals or coal blends intended for use in the manufacture of coke.
1.2 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as standard. Inch-pound units shall be accepted on an equivalent basis.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D2014–97 (Reapproved2004)
Standard Test Method for
1
Expansion or Contraction of Coal by the Sole-Heated Oven
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2014; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope during the carbonization process when evaluated in terms of
pertinent experience with other coals and coal blends and
1.1 This test method covers a large-scale laboratory test for
processing conditions used in commercial-type coke ovens.
obtaining information on the expansion or contraction of coal
or coal blends during carbonization under specified conditions.
5. Apparatus
This test method is applicable in the examination of coals or
5.1 Test Oven Assembly, consisting of the following: either
coal blends intended for use in the manufacture of coke.
a single-chamber oven having approximately 280-mm (11-in.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as
width, 610-mm (24-in.) length, and 280-mm depth, or a
standard. Inch-pound units shall be accepted on an equivalent
double-chambered oven with two chambers each having ap-
basis.
proximately 280-mm width, length, and depth; a heating
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
system to heat the charge(s) unidirectionally through the sole
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
according to a controlled program; piston(s) arranged so that a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
constant load may be applied to the top surface of the charge;
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
and suitable instrumentation so that appropriate temperatures
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and the position of the piston(s) may be measured. The
2. Referenced Documents auxiliary equipment includes apparatus facilitating the charg-
2
ing of the oven in a standard manner. The vertical partition of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the double-chambered oven may be of 2-in. (51-mm) firebrick
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
tile or equivalent.
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
5.1.1 Carbonization Chamber:
of Coal
5.1.1.1 Thesoleshallbeofsiliconcarbidetile,about40mm
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
(1.5 in.) thick, 305 mm (12 in.) wide, and extending approxi-
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
mately 75 mm (3 in.) beyond the carbonization chamber at the
Sieves
front and back. Side, front, and back walls should be 40-mm
3. Summary of Test Method
firebrick tile or equivalent. It is appropriate to key the sole to
the side and back tiles.The top edges of sidewalls shall be held
3.1 During the test, a measured thickness of coal about 102
in an adjustable steel framework so that the walls may be made
mm (4 in.) is heated from the bottom surface while a force
and maintained precisely perpendicular to the sole. Hole(s)
corresponding to 15.2 kPa (2.20 psi) is applied to the top
6.35 mm (0.25 in.) in diameter shall be provided through the
surface through a piston.At the end of the test, the thickness of
side of the oven to enable the placement of thermocouple(s) on
the coke is measured by observing the final position of the
the top surface of the sole in the center of the oven chamber(s).
piston.
5.1.1.2 In constructing the oven, the sides and ends of the
4. Significance and Use
carbonization chamber shall be surrounded with at least 200
mm (8 in.) of insulating refractories and the whole assembly
4.1 The values determined in this test method indicate to
encased in a suitable restraining structure of steel shapes and
what extent a given coal or coal blend will expand or contract
plates designed to provide dimensional stability.
5.1.2 Sole-Heating System:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal
5.1.2.1 The heating system shall consist of a group of
and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.15 on Metallurgical
electrical heating elements mounted under the silicon carbide
Properties of Coal and Coke.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally sole and suitable equipment to provide automatic control.
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D2014 – 97. DOI:
Heating elements may be either silicon carbide-type resistance
10.1520/D2014-97R04.
elements or coils of heating wire enclosed in silica tubes.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Elements shall be arranged to obtain minimum variation of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.