ASTM F1975-15

Standard Specification for Nonpowered Bicycle Trailers Designed for Human Passengers

ABSTRACT
This specification covers nonpowered trailers intended to be pulled behind bicycles to transport one or two children with accessory loads with a prescribed maximum weight. It includes methods for strength, impact drop, structural integrity in rollover, tipover resistance, single-occupant trailer, double-occupant trailer, coupling security, and system fatigue tests. The tests confirm that this specification is satisfied. The specification also prescribes colors, reflectors, and flags for conspicuity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a nonpowered trailer intended to be pulled behind a bicycle in order to transport one or two children with an accessory load of a maximum weight of 45.4 kg (100 lb). It includes test methods for confirming that this specification is satisfied.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 5, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2015
• ICS: 43.150 - Cycles
• Technical Committee: F08 - Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities
• Drafting Committee: F08.10 - Bicycles

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1975 − 15 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Nonpowered Bicycle Trailers Designed for Human
1
Passengers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
5
1. Scope 2.3 Federal Standards:
Title 16, CFR 1500.3(b)(4)(i) Hazardous Substance
1.1 This specification covers a nonpowered trailer intended
Title 16, CFR 1500.3(c)(6)(vi) Flame Testing
to be pulled behind a bicycle in order to transport one or two
Title 16, CFR 1500.44 Flammability
children with an accessory load of a maximum weight of 45.4
Title 16, CFR 1500.48 Sharp Points
kg (100 lb). It includes test methods for confirming that this
Title 16, CFR 1500.49 Sharp Edges
specification is satisfied.
Title 16, CFR 1501 Small Parts
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the Title 16, CFR 1303 Lead in Coatings
standard. The units given in parentheses are for information Title 16, CFR 1512 Requirements for Bicycles, Sections:
only.
1512.18(n), Reflector Test
1.3 The following caveat pertains only to the test methods
3. Terminology
portion, Section 5, of this specification: This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard 3.1.1 backrest, n—the segment of the seat that is designed to
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
support the occupant’s back. This may or may not include
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to support for the upper body, including the head and neck.
use.
3.1.2 bicycle trailer (trailer), n—a transporting device de-
signed for towing behind a bicycle, which provides a restrained
2. Referenced Documents
seating position to one or more occupants, with fastening
2
arrangements for attaching the device.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
3.1.3 hard horizontal surface, n—a surface, perpendicular to
D1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles
the direction of gravity, such as level ground or building floor,
D4329 Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Ap-
whose surface is either concrete, pavement, or similar rigid
paratus Exposure of Plastics
material whose deflection, while carrying the weight of a fully
G23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus
loaded trailer, does not exceed 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) from the
(Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposure
unloaded horizontal plane at any point.
3
of Nonmetallic Materials (Withdrawn 2000)
3.1.4 normal use, n—applications described as intended use
4
2.2 ANSI Standard: for the product found within the manufacturer’s instructional
ANSI Z535.4, Product Safety Signs and Labels literature.
3.1.5 normal use temperatures, n—temperature range within
which it should be anticipated that the trailer may be used to
1
transport children. The range is from –7 6 2°C to 35 6 2°C
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08and is the
direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.10 on Bicycles.
(–19.4 6 4.6°F to 95 6 4.6°F).
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally
3.1.6 occupant, n—a child or person who is restrained in a
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F1975 – 09. DOI:
10.1520/F1975-15.
seated position inside the trailer and whose efforts do not
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contribute to the overall operation and performance of the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
vehicle.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
4 5
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F1975 − 15
3.1.7 restrain, v—to prevent the occupant(s) of the trailer 4.4 Dimensions—The backrest shall have a minimum height
from leaving the seated position on the seat of the trailer by of 350 mm (13.8 in.). The seated height space shall be a
means of a restraint system (designed by the manufacturer) minimum
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1975 − 09 F1975 − 15 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Nonpowered Bicycle Trailers Designed for Human
1
Passengers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers a nonpowered trailerstrailer intended to be pulled behind bicycles a bicycle in order to transport
one or two children with an accessory loads withload of a maximum weight of 45.4 kg (100 lb). It includes test methods for
confirming that this specification is satisfied.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 5, of this specification:This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
D1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles
D4329 Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus Exposure of Plastics
G23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus (Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposure of Nonmetallic
3
Materials (Withdrawn 2000)
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
ANSI Z535.4, Product Safety Signs and Labels
5
2.3 Federal Standards:
Title 16, CFR 1500.3(b)(4)(i) Hazardous Substance
Title 16, CFR 1500.3(c)(6)(vi) Flame Testing
Title 16, CFR 1500.44 Flammability
Title 16, CFR 1500.48 Sharp Points
Title 16, CFR 1500.49 Sharp Edges
Title 16, CFR 1501 Small Parts
Title 16, CFR 1303 Lead in Coatings
Title 16, CFR 1512 Requirements for Bicycles, Sections:
1512.18(n), Reflector Test
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 backrest, n—the segment of the seat that is designed to support the occupant’s back. This may or may not include support
for the upper body, including the head and neck.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.10 on Bicycles.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2015. Published February 2009December 2015. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20022009
as F1975 – 02.F1975 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/F1975-09.10.1520/F1975-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1975 − 15
3.1.2 bicycle trailer (trailer), n—a transporting device designed to provide a for towing behind a bicycle, which provides a
restrained seating position to one or more occupants, with fastening arrangements for attaching the device, and towing it, behind
a bicycle.device.
3.1.3 hard horizontal surface, n—a surface, perpendicular to the direction of gravity, such as level ground or building floor,
whose surface is either concrete, pavement, or similar rigid material whose deflection, while carrying the weight of a fully loaded
trailer, does not exceed 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) from the unloaded horizontal plane at any point.
3.1.4 normal use, n—applications described as intended use for the product found within the manufacturer’s instructional
literature.
3.1.5 normal use temperatures, n—temperature range within which it should be anticipated that the trailer may be used to
transport children. The range is from –7 6 2°C to +50 6 2°C.35 6 2°C (–19.4 6 4.6°F to 95 6 4.6°F).
3.1.6 occupant, n—a child or person who is restrained in a seated posi
...