ASTM D1770-94(2000)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Neps, Vegetable Matter, and Colored Fiber in Wool Top
Standard Test Method for Neps, Vegetable Matter, and Colored Fiber in Wool Top
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the number of neps and pieces of vegetable matter by size classes, and the number of colored fibers, in 15 g samples of wool top.
1.2 This test method is applicable to wool top in any form. Note 1-For the determination of number of neps per specified mass of cotton samples, refer to Test Method D1446.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 1770 – 94 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
Neps, Vegetable Matter, and Colored Fiber in Wool Top
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.5 test specimen, n— for wool top, a length of specified
mass taken at random from a length of wool top selected as a
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthenumber
laboratory sample.
of neps and pieces of vegetable matter by size classes, and the
2 3.1.6 top, n—in wool, a continuous untwisted strand of
number of colored fibers, in 15 g samples of wool top.
wool fibers from which the shorter fibers or noils have been
1.2 This test method is applicable to wool top in any form.
removed by combing.
NOTE 1—Forthedeterminationofnumberofnepsperspecifiedmassof
3.1.7 vegetable matter, n— in wool top, the pieces of burrs,
cotton samples, refer to Test Method D 1446.
seeds, shive, leaves, twigs, and grasses which have escaped
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
removal in processing, also foreign vegetable fibers such as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
hemp, sisal, etc., if present.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.8 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method, refer to Terminology D 123.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Four test specimens are taken and examined in accor-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dancewithspecifiedprocedures.Eachobservedneporpieceof
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
vegetable matter is classified by size, by visual comparison
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
with a specified standard size chart. The numbers of each class
D 1446 Test Method for Number of Neps in Cotton
of neps and class of vegetable matter pieces, and the number of
Samples
colored fibers, are recorded for each specimen. From these data
the average counts per specimen of 15 g are calculated.
3. Terminology
5. Significance and Use
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 colored fiber, n— in wool top, any fiber the color or
5.1 Test Method D 1770 for the determination of neps,
shade of which differs from the normal color or shade of the
vegetable matter, and colored fiber may be used for the
fiber mass of the sample.
acceptance testing of commercial shipments of wool top but
3.1.2 laboratory sample, n—a portion of material taken to
caution is advised because the between-laboratory precision is
represent the lot sample, or the original material, and used in
known to be poor. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may
the laboratory as a source of test specimens.
be advisable.
3.1.3 lot, n—in acceptance sampling, that part of a consign-
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
ment or shipment consisting of material from one production
reported test results when using Test Method D 1770 for
lot.
acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and
3.1.4 nep, n—one or more fibers occurring in a tangled and
the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if
unorganized mass.
there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent
3.1.4.1 Discussion—For the purpose of this test method, the
statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of
mass of unorganized fibers retains its identity upon removal
bias.As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
from a fibrous strand.
specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are
from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD-13onTextiles
to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Wool Felt.
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1994. Published April 1995. Originally
e1
published as D1770 – 60 T. Last previous editioin D1770 – 88 (1993) .
unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the
Foradditionalinformation,referencemaybemadeto“NepsinWorstedSliver,”
two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either
Wool Science Review, Vol 22, March 1963, pp. 28–38.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
Discontinued—See 1976 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 33.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1770
NOTE 1—Figs. 1 and 2 should preferably not be used as substitutes for the original prints obtainable from ASTM.
FIG. 1 Visual Standard
its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the an applicable material specification or other agreement be-
supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of
tween the purchaser and the supplier. Consider shipping
the known bias.
containers to be the primary sampling units.
6. Apparatus
NOTE 2—An adequate specification or other agreement between the
purchaser and the supplier requires taking into account the variability
6.1 Nep Scale Standard, see Fig. 1.
5 between shipping containers, between laboratory samples within a ship-
6.2 Vegetable Matter Standard, see Fig. 2.
ping container, and between test specimens within a laboratory sample to
6.3 Examination Surfaces, consisting of a dark surface
provide a sampling plan with a meaningful producer’s risk, consumer’s
illuminated from above for nep test and a white surface
risk, acceptable quality level, and limiting quality level.
illuminated from above for vegetable matter and colored fiber
7.2 Laboratory Sample—As a laboratory sample for accep-
tests. Alternatively, a white translucent surface with under-
tance testing, take from each shipping container in the lot
lighting may be used for all tests. When a translucent surface
is used, colored fibers must be reexamined on an over-lighted sample the first 3 yd (3 m) of material from the lead end of the
white surface to avoid inclusion of medullated fibers. strand that has a clean, uniform appearance. If the shipping
6.4 Tweezers, with pointed ground ends.
containers in the lot sample contain multiple packages, take a
6.5 Balance or Scale,capacityatleast25gwithasensitivity
laboratory sample from one package drawn at random from
of 0.01 g.
each shipping container.
7.3 Test Specimens—After conditioning, take one test speci-
7. Sampling
men from each unit in the laboratory sample by starting at a
7.1 Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing,
random location along the length of the sample and cutting
take at random the number of shipping containers directed in
with scissors a section long enough to weigh 15.00 6 0.10 g,
adjusting the length as needed to obtain the required mass.
Original prints of these illustrations are available from ASTM Headquarters,
Record the mass of the conditioned specimen to the nearest
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. Request Adjunct No.
0.01 g.
12-417700-00 for Nep Scale Standard and Vegetable Matter Standard.
D 1770
Vegetable Matter Specks
Not to be Counted
1 1 1 3
⁄8 to ⁄2 in. (3.2 to 12.7 mm) ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.7 to19.1 mm)
3 1
⁄4 to 1 in. (19.1 to 25.4 mm) 1 to 1 ⁄2 in. (25.4 to 38.1 mm)
NOTE 1—Figs. 1 and 2 should preferably not be used as substitutes for the original prints obtainable from ASTM.
FIG. 2 Vegetable Matter Classes
8. Conditioning 9. Procedure
9.1 Test each weighed specimen, in the prevailing atmo-
8.1 Bringthelaboratorysamplestomoistureequilibriumfor
sphere if preferred, as follows:
obtaining test specimens in the standard atmosphere for testing
textiles as directed in Practice D 1776. Preconditioning is not
9.1.1 Draw a portion not exceeding one-tenth of the speci-
necessary. men and spread it over the prescribed examination surface.
D 1770
9.1.2 Remove with tweezers each colored fiber and reserve
V 5 average number of vegetable matter pieces of size
j
for counting.
class j per 15 g of wool top,
9.1.3 Also remove with tweezers each nep (except those
v 5 total number of vegetable matter pieces of size class
j
obviouslysmallerthansize1onthenepscale,Fig.1),andeach
j in the four specimens, and
piece of vegetable matter (except those obviously smaller than
w 5 combined mass of four specimens, in grams.
the “specks” class, Fig. 2), and reserve for size classification 10.6 Combined “Defects”— If the term “defects” is used to
and counting.
mean colored fibers, neps of stated size classes, and vegetable
9.1.4 Repeat the operations described in 9.1.1-9.1.3 on matter pieces of stated size, classes, then for any specified
additional portions of the specimen until the entire specimen
combination of defects, the average number of defects per 15
has been treated. g of wool top may be calculated
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