ASTM D1113-90a(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in Scoured Wool
Standard Test Method for Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in Scoured Wool
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Test Method D 1113 is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, and the procedure has been used extensively in the trade for this purpose, particularly in connection with the determination of clean wool fiber present by Test Method D 584. The procedure in Test Method D 1113 is used by the U.S. Customs Service for the determination of the vegetable matter in importations of raw wool on which the allowance for loss of wool during commercial cleaning is based in part.
In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D 1113 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content of oven-dried, ash-free, alcohol extractive-free vegetable matter and other alkali-insoluble impurities present in scoured wool. It is also applicable to “related fibers” such as the hair from the goat, camel, alpaca, and other animals.
Note 1—The determination of clean wool fiber present on a laboratory scale is covered in Test Method D 584, the determination of clean wool fiber present on a commercial scale is covered in Test Method D 1334, and the calculation of commercial weight and yield of various commercial compositions (formerly covered in Appendix to Test Method D 584) is covered in Practice D 2720.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety hazard statements, see Section 8.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D1113 − 90a (Reapproved2008)
Standard Test Method for
Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in
Scoured Wool
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1113; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 other alkali-insoluble impurities, n— in scoured wool,
the oven-dried, ash-free, alcohol-extractives-free, alkali-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content
insoluble substances other than vegetable matter base, such as
of oven-dried, ash-free, alcohol extractive-free vegetable mat-
skin, cotton or other fibers, paper string, tag (dung) pieces, and
ter and other alkali-insoluble impurities present in scoured
paint pieces, etc.
wool. It is also applicable to “related fibers” such as the hair
3.1.2 oven-dried, adj—the condition of a material that has
from the goat, camel, alpaca, and other animals.
been heated under prescribed conditions of temperature and
NOTE 1—The determination of clean wool fiber present on a laboratory
humidity until there is no further significant change in its mass.
scale is covered in Test Method D584, the determination of clean wool
3.1.2.1 Discussion—An oven-dried material will retain a
fiber present on a commercial scale is covered inTest Method D1334, and
the calculation of commercial weight and yield of various commercial small amount of moisture that is dependent on the temperature
compositions (formerly covered in Appendix to Test Method D584)is
and relative humidity of the atmosphere in contact with the
covered in Practice D2720.
materialduringthedryingprocess.Anoven-driedmaterialwill
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
only be moisture-free when the air supplied to the drying oven
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
has been previously desiccated.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2.2 Discussion—The term “mass” in the above defini-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tionisthecorrectdesignationforwhatiscommonlydesignated
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety
“weight”.
hazard statements, see Section 8.
3.1.3 vegetable matter base, n— in raw wool, oven-dried
scoured burrs, seeds, twigs, leaves, and grasses, free of mineral
2. Referenced Documents
matter and alcohol-extractable matter.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 For the definition of wool and other textile terms used
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
in this method, refer to Terminology D123.
D584 Test Method for Wool Content of Raw Wool—
Laboratory Scale
4. Summary of Test Method
D1334 Test Method for Wool Content of Raw Wool—
4.1 The wool, or other animal fiber, is dissolved in a boiling
Commercial Scale
3% sodium hydroxide solution or a hot 10% sodium hydroxide
D2720 Practice for Calculation of Commercial Weight and
solution under specified controlled conditions. The weights of
Yield of Scoured Wool, Top, and Noil for Various Com-
theash-free,oven-driedcomponentsoftheundissolvedresidue
mercial Compositions
are converted by means of tabulated factors to the correspond-
3. Terminology ing weights of vegetable matter base and other alkali-insoluble
impurities.
3.1 Definitions:
5. Significance and Use
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
5.1 Test Method D1113 is considered satisfactory for accep-
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
tance testing of commercial shipments, and the procedure has
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
been used extensively in the trade for this purpose, particularly
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D1113–90a (2001).
DOI: 10.1520/D1113-90AR08.
in connection with the determination of clean wool fiber
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
present by Test Method D584. The procedure in Test Method
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D1113 is used by the U.S. Customs Service for the determi-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. nation of the vegetable matter in importations of raw wool on
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1113 − 90a (2008)
shipping container, and between test specimens within a laboratory
which the allowance for loss of wool during commercial
sampling unit to produce a sampling plan with a meaningful producer’s
cleaning is based in part.
risk, consumer’s risk, acceptable quality level, and limiting quality level.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
9.2 Laboratory Sample—As a laboratory sample for accep-
reported test results when using Test Method D1113 for
tance testing, proceed as follows:
acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and
9.2.1 For tests to be made in connection with Test Methods
the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if
D584 and D1334, prepare a portion of scoured and dried wool
there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent
from each lot sampling unit of the lot sample described in 9.1.
statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of
Makesurethateachportionisapproximately100g,whichwill
bias.As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
becomealaboratorysamplingunit.Notethattheseportionsare
specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are
to be obtained from random locations in the wool mass. If the
from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
scoured wool is judged to contain over 5 % of vegetable matter
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
and sufficient scoured wool is available, prepare another
to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two
replicate, that is, a second laboratory sample unit.
laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for
9.2.2 For tests on samples of scoured wool not obtained in
unpaireddataandanacceptableprobabilitylevelchosenbythe
connection with Test Methods D584 and D1334 take replicate
two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either
sample units as directed in 9.2.1.
its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the
supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the
9.3 Test Specimens—As test specimens, prepare two test
known bias.
specimens from each laboratory sampling unit by combining
ten or more pinches of fiber into a bundle having a mass of 40
6. Apparatus
61g.
6.1 Filter, 40-mesh sieve (U. S. Sieve Series, opening
10. Conditioning
0.0165 in. (0.42 mm)) or metal screen, or cheese cloth having
10.1 Dry specimens taken as directed in 9.1 under the
comparable openings.
conditions for oven drying prescribed in Test Method D584.
6.2 Oven—Aforced-draft oven designed to supply clean air
10.2 Weigh specimens taken as directed in 9.2 in the
at a desired temperature with a tolerance of 62°C.
condition as received, in the oven-dry condition, or after
6.3 Muffle Furnace, thermostatically controlled in the range
exposure in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles,
of 700 6 25°C.
dependinguponthedirectionsorrequirementsoftheinterested
6.4 Beakers—Heatresistantglassorstainlesssteel,of2-litre
parties.
capacity.
10.3 Weigh specimens (10.1 or 10.2) to the nearest 0.01 g.
(W ).
7. Reagents and Materials
11. Procedure
7.1 Sodium Hydroxide Solution (NaOH), 3 % by weight.
11.1 Preferred Method—In a 2-L heat-resistant glass or
7.2 Sodium Hydroxide Solution, 10 % by weight.
stainlesssteelbeaker,bring1Lof3 %NaOHsolutiontoaboil.
7.3 Sodium Hypochlorite Solution (NaOCl), 5 % by weight.
With the solution at a boil, carefully add the entire weighed
specimen. Quickly immerse the wool in the NaOH solution
8. Hazards
with the aid of a stirring rod, and adjust the heat to resume
8.1 Sodiumhydroxideisextremelycorrosive,andcaremust boilingofthesolution.Boilthesolutiongentlywithcontinuous
be exercised to avoid contact with the eyes, skin, or clothing. stirring for 90 6 2 s. Remove the beaker from the heat and add
500 ml of tap water, stir, then allow to settle.
8.2 Operators should wear eye protection while handling
caustic solutions.
NOTE 3—The preferred method uses 3 % sodium hydroxide solution, in
which most wools are soluble when treated as directed. However, certain
coarse, dry carpet wools do not dissolve completely in the 3 % solution.
9. Sampling
For such wools the alternative method (11.1.1), in which 10 % sodium
9.1 LotSample—Asalotsampleforacceptancetesting,take hydroxide solution is used, is necessary.
NOTE 4—Keep depilatory in pulled wool specimens to a minimum by
at random the number of shipping containers directed in an
treating the sample as directed in 10.3 of Test Method D584.
applicable material specification or other agreement between
11.1.1 Alternative Method (Note 2)—In a 2-L heat-resistant
the purchaser and the supplier. Consider shipping containers to
glass or stainless steel beaker, bring 600 cm (mL) of 10 %
be the lot sampling unit.
NaOH solution to a boil. Remove the beaker from the heat,
NOTE 2—An adequate specification or other agreement between the
place on a dry wooden or asbestos mat, and immediatel
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