ASTM F68-16

Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Copper in Wrought Forms for Electron Devices

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for wrought forms and fabricated shapes of oxygen-free copper with UNS No. C10100 suitable for use in electron devices. Specimens shall be appropriately sampled and shall undergo hydrogen embrittlement (reverse bend) test, special macro examination, and special microscopical examination. Materials shall adhere to specified mechanical, dimensional, chemical composition, electrical resistivity, and grain size requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for wrought and fabricated shapes made from Copper UNS2 No. C10100, conforming to the chemical requirements of Specification B170, Grade 1, and suitable for use in electron devices.  
1.2 The requirements of this specification are in addition to those prescribed in the following product specifications appropriate to the material being ordered: B1, B2, B3, B75/B75M, B152/B152M, B170, B187/B187M, B188, B272, and B372. In case of conflict, however, this specification shall take precedence.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—grain sizes are in metric units and are standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazard caveat applies to sections 17.4, 17.5 and 18.7 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2016
• ICS: 77.150.30 - Copper products
• Technical Committee: B05 - Copper and Copper Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B05.02 - Rod, Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings

Relations

• Refers: ASTM B3-13(2024) - Standard Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM B188-15(2023) - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Bus Pipe and Tube
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM B75/B75M-20 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2020
• Refers: ASTM B152/B152M-19 - Standard Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2019
• Refers: ASTM B846-19a - Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM B187/B187M-19 - Standard Specification for Copper, Bus Bar, Rod, and Shapes and General Purpose Rod, Bar, and Shapes
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM B577-19 - Standard Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM B272-12(2019) - Standard Specification for Copper Flat Products with Finished (Rolled or Drawn) Edges (Flat Wire and Strip)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM B75/B75M-19 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM B846-19 - Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM B2-13(2018) - Standard Specification for Medium-Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM B1-13(2018) - Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM B3-13(2018) - Standard Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM B577-16 - Standard Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016
• Refers: ASTM B193-16 - Standard Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016

Overview

ASTM F68-16: Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Copper in Wrought Forms for Electron Devices sets essential requirements for the manufacture and testing of oxygen-free copper (UNS C10100) products used in electron devices. Developed by ASTM International, this standard ensures the quality, reliability, and performance of copper products in applications where high purity and consistent material properties are critical. It covers a broad range of wrought and fabricated shapes, outlining requirements for chemical composition, mechanical properties, grain size, electrical resistivity, and specialized testing.

Key Topics

• Material Requirements
  Specifies use of oxygen-free copper (UNS C10100) and references ASTM B170 for chemical composition criteria.

• Mechanical & Physical Properties

  • Mechanical properties must meet the applicable base product specification.
  • Electrical resistivity is strictly controlled to a maximum value, ensuring high conductivity (minimum 101% IACS for annealed copper at 20°C).
  • Grain size requirements are detailed for sheet and strip forms.

• Sampling and Testing Procedures

  • Hydrogen embrittlement (reverse bend) test to ensure reliability under reducing environments.
  • Macro and microscopic examinations to check for surface and subsurface defects, inclusions, or porosity.
  • Additional tests for chemical composition, electrical resistivity, and grain structure.
  • Sampling is typically twice that of the base product specification for enhanced control.

• Product Forms and Dimensional Control

  • Applies to a range of wrought forms including rod, bar, wire, tube, sheet, strip, plate, and various fabricated shapes.
  • Details permissible defects, maximum defect depths, and dimensional tolerances.

• Ordering, Certification, and Traceability

  • Requires clear specification of product shape, temper, dimensions, and applicable class when ordering.
  • Options for traceability, special marking, mill test reports, and packaging are by agreement.

• Inspection and Rejection Policies

  • Outlines procedures for product inspection, customer source inspection, and dispute resolution.
  • Retesting protocols are provided if results are unsatisfactory.

Applications

ASTM F68-16 is widely used in industries that require high-purity, oxygen-free copper components for electronic applications, such as:

• Electron Devices
  Utilized in vacuum tubes, semiconductor packages, waveguides, RF and microwave components, where copper’s high conductivity and absence of embrittlement are vital.

• Critical Electrical & Signal Transmission
  Essential for manufacturing components like bus bars, connectors, and conductors where reliability and signal integrity are paramount.

• Precision Fabricated Copper Parts
  Including custom machined, drawn, or extruded parts for specialized electronics and communication devices.

By adhering to this standard, manufacturers and users can ensure components meet industry requirements for purity, conductivity, mechanical integrity, and compatibility in sensitive electronic environments.

Related Standards

For comprehensive control and integration into broader product systems, ASTM F68-16 references several key standards, including:

• ASTM B170: Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper – Refinery Shapes
• ASTM B152/B152M: Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar
• ASTM B193: Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
• ASTM B577: Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement)
• ASTM E112: Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
• ASTM E527: Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
• ASTM B846: Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys

Each referenced standard further defines procedures, properties, or terminology applicable to oxygen-free copper products.

Keywords: ASTM F68-16, oxygen-free copper specification, UNS C10100, electron devices, copper forms, electrical conductivity, copper testing, copper purity, electronic components, ASTM copper standards

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F68 − 16
Standard Specification for
Oxygen-Free Copper in Wrought Forms for Electron
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F68; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* B3 Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire
B75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for
2 B152/B152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate,
wrought and fabricated shapes made from Copper UNS No.
and Rolled Bar
C10100, conforming to the chemical requirements of Specifi-
B170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—
cation B170, Grade 1, and suitable for use in electron devices.
Refinery Shapes
1.2 The requirements of this specification are in addition to
B187/B187M Specification for Copper, Bus Bar, Rod, and
those prescribed in the following product specifications appro-
Shapes and General Purpose Rod, Bar, and Shapes
priate to the material being ordered: B1, B2, B3, B75/B75M,
B188 Specification for Seamless Copper Bus Pipe and Tube
B152/B152M, B170, B187/B187M, B188, B272, and B372. In
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
case of conflict, however, this specification shall take prece-
Materials
dence.
B272 Specification for Copper Flat Products with Finished
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded (Rolled or Drawn) Edges (Flat Wire and Strip)
B372 Specification for Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only Rectangular Waveguide Tube
B577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydro-
and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 Exception—grain sizes are in metric units and are gen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
standard.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.4 The following safety hazard caveat applies to sections
Determine Conformance with Specifications
17.4, 17.5 and 18.7 of this specification: This standard does not
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
2.2 ASTM Adjunct:
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
Comparison Chart
use.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 For definitions of terms related to this product, refer to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Terminology B846.
B1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
B2 Specification for Medium-Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 rms, n—root-mean-square, a statistical measure of
1 surface roughness usually determined by means of a profilome-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod, ter.
Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally
4. Ordering Information
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F68 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/F0068-16. 4.1 Include the following specified choices when placing
The UNS System for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple
orders for product under this specification, as appropriate:
expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue of both Specifi-
of a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate
cation F68 and the basic product specification involved,
composition variations of the base alloy.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
the ASTM website. ADJF0068. Original adjunct produced in 1966.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F68 − 16
4.1.2 Temper, 9. Mechanical Properties
4.1.3 Dimensions and form,
9.1 All products shall conform to the mechanical property
4.1.4 How furnished: straight lengths of coils,
requirements of the basic product specification to which the
4.1.5 Quantity: Total weight or length or number of pieces
item was ordered, with the following exception:
of each size,
9.1.1 Sheet and strip with a thickness of 0.125 in. or less and
4.1.6 The Specification F68 Class of material,
intended for gaskets or for deep drawing shall conform to the
4.1.7 Intended application (for example, wave guide),
requirements prescribed in Table 1, and when so specified 4.2.6
of Ordering Information.
4.2 The following options are available but may not be
included unless specified at the time of placing the order when
10. Hydrogen Embrittlement (Reverse Bend Test
required:
Method)
4.2.1 Heat identification or traceability details,
10.1 Specimens shall withstand a minimum of ten reverse
4.2.2 Certification,
bends without breaking when prepared in accordance with
4.2.3 Mill test report,
B577 Test Method D. Evidence of blisters, upon visual
4.2.4 Special packaging,
examination, shall be cause for rejection.
4.2.5 Special marking,
4.2.6 If special temper requirements for sheet and strip for
NOTE 2—Fractured areas of the bent samples should show some
reduction in area and have a distorted, smeared surface. The ideal break
gasket applications are required.
will have the appearance of a cup and cone tensile failure.
5. Materials and Manufacture
11. General Examination
5.1 Material—The material shall be oxygen-free electronic
11.1 When examined the samples shall have:
copper which conforms to the requirements of Specification
11.1.1 A relatively uniform surface free of irregular rough
B170, Grade 1.
spots sometimes termed open grains,
11.1.2 Edges free of seams, laps and cracks,
5.2 Manufacture—The manufacturing process shall con-
form to the requirements of this specification and to the basic 11.1.3 Cross sections free of breaks, inclusions or extrusion
pipe.
product specification to which the product was ordered.
12. Special Examinations
6. Chemical Composition
12.1 Special Macro Examination:
6.1 The cast refinery shape shall conform to the require-
12.1.1 The samples shall show no subsurface defects in
ments specified in Specification B170, Grade 1, Table 1.
excess of the following limits:
6.1.1 Copper shall be taken as the difference between the
12.1.1.1 Tubular Products:
sum of results for Grade 1 specified elements in Table 1 and
(1) Tubes for Exhaust (Pinch-off) Purposes:
100 %.
(a) For wall thickness over 0.1 in. (2.5 mm), no defects
6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the possible
on the external surface deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm).
presence of other unnamed elements. Limits may be estab-
(b) For wall thicknesses up to 0.1 (2.5 mm) inclusive, no
lished and analysis required for elements not specified in Table
defects on the external surface deeper than 5 % of the wall
1 of B170 by agreement between the manufacturer and the
thickness.
purchaser.
(c) No significant defects on the inside surface when
examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
7. Temper
(2) Waveguides—No defects on the external surface deeper
than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the wall thickness,
7.1 The temper of the wrought or fabricated product sup-
whichever is smaller. No significant defects on the inside
plied shall conform to the requirements of the basic product
surface when examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
specification to which it was ordered.
(3) Tube for Other Applications—No defects on either the
internal or external surfaces deeper than 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or
8. Physical Properties
5 % of the wall thickness, whichever is the smaller.
8.1 Electrical Resistivity—The maximum mass resistivity
12.1.1.2 Bar and Plate Products—No defects deeper than
shall be 0.15176 ohms g/m (conductivity 101.0 % minimum,
0.06 in. (1.6 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever is the
International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) at 20°C when
smaller.
tested in the annealed condition.
8.2 Scaling—When agreed upon between customer and
TABLE 1 Grain Size
supplier, the test specimens of oxygen-free copper shall show
Average Grain
Hardness
substantial surface oxide adherence when subjected to test as Thickness Size,
A
HRF max
max, mm
described in 18.7.
Less than 0.040 in. (1.0 mm) 0.035 75
0.040 to 0.125 in. (1.0 to 3.2 mm) 0.050 75
NOTE 1—The purpose of this test is to distinguish between oxygen-free
A
copper and deoxidized copper. Deoxidized copper will not retain the
For information only.
surface oxide in this test.
F68 − 16
12.1.1.3 Sheet, Strip and Flat Wire Products—No defects 15. Sampling
deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the thickness,
15.1 The sampling practice shall be as prescribed in the
whichever is smaller.
basic product specification to which it was ordered.
12.1.1.4 Rod and Wire Products:
15.1.1 The number of sample pieces to be selected,
(1) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in
however, shall be twice the number prescribed in the basic
Diameter—No defects deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 %
product specification.
of the diameter, whichever is smaller.
(2) Rod and Wire 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) and Over in
16. Number of Tests and Retests
Diameter—No defects deeper than 0.06 in. (1.6 mm) or 5 % of
16.1 Tests—The number of samples submitted to all tests
the diameter, whichever is smaller.
shall be twice that required by the basic product specification
12.2 Special Microscopical Examination:
to which the product was ordered.
12.2.1 Samples shall be classified by comparison to Plate 1,
16.2 Retests:
which is available from ASTM International Headquarters as
16.2.1 Retests are permitted as stated in the basic product
an adjunct (see 2.2).
specification to which the product was ordered for tests
12.2.1.1 Product whose samples have an appearance in
associated with the basic product specification.
conforming to either Class 1 or Class 2 shall be considered
16.2.2 Retests shall be permitted for tests and examinations
acceptable.
required by this specification.
12.2.1.2 Subsurface microporosity similar to those typical
16.2.3 Products which fail in retest shall be rejected.
of Class 3, 4 or 5 as illustrated in Plate 1, are permissible in
Class 1 and 2 material provided the microporosity does not
17. Specimen Preparation
appear below the metal surface at depths exceeding the
following:
17.1 Chemical Composition—Analytical sample prepara-
(1) Tubular Products:
tion shall be as directed in the basic product specification to
(a) Tubes for Exhaust Purposes and Waveguides—No
which the product was ordered.
indications at any depth below the surface.
17.2 Electrical Resistivity—Specimen preparation shall be
(b) Tubes for Other Applications—Microporosity permis-
as directed in the basic product specification to which the
sible to depths of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or 5 % of the tube wall,
product was ordered.
whichever is smaller.
17.3 Grain Size—Specimen preparation shall be as directed
(2) Bar and Plate—Microporosity permissible to depths of
in the basic product specification to which the product was
0.06 in. (1.5 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever is smaller.
ordered.
(3) Sheet, Strip and Flat Wire—Microporosity permissible
to depths of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) or 5 % of the thickness,
17.4 General and Special Macro Examination:
whichever is smaller.
17.4.1 Transverse sections of the samples shall be machined
(4) Rod and Wire Products:
to a 63 rms or smoother surface finish and degreased.
(a) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in
17.4.1.1 In a properly ventilated fume hood, etch the
Diameter—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.010 in.
samples for 3 to 5 min by lowering the samples into a freshly
(0.25 mm) or 5 % of the diam
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F68 − 10 F68 − 16
Standard Specification for
Oxygen-Free Copper in Wrought Forms for Electron
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F68; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for wrought and fabricated shapes made from Copper UNS No. C10100,
conforming to the chemical requirements of Specification B170, Grade 1, and suitable for use in electron devices.
1.2 The requirements of this specification are in addition to those prescribed in the following product specifications appropriate
to the material being ordered: B1, B2, B3, B75B75/B75M, B75M, B152/B152M, B170, B187/B187M, B188, B272, and B372.
In case of conflict, however, this specification shall take precedence.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 Exception—grain sizes are in metric units and are standard.
1.4 The following safety hazard caveat applies to sections 17.4, 17.5 and 18.7 of this specification: This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
B2 Specification for Medium-Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
B3 Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire
B75B75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
B75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube (Metric)
B152/B152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar
B170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
B187/B187M Specification for Copper, Bus Bar, Rod, and Shapes and General Purpose Rod, Bar, and Shapes
B188 Specification for Seamless Copper Bus Pipe and Tube
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
B272 Specification for Copper Flat Products with Finished (Rolled or Drawn) Edges (Flat Wire and Strip)
B372 Specification for Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular Waveguide Tube
B577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod, Bar,
Wire, Shapes and Forgings.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2016. Published May 2010November 2016. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as
ε1
F68 – 05F68 – 10. . DOI: 10.1520/F0068-10.10.1520/F0068-16.
The UNS System for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition of
a prefix “C” and a suffix “00”.“00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate composition variations of the base alloy.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F68 − 16
2.2 ASTM Adjunct:
Comparison Chart
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms related to this product, refer to Terminology B846.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 extrusion pipe, n—a lamination resulting from the flow of the oxide surface of a billet into the article being extruded and
usually confined to the trailing-end portion of the extruded product.
3.2.1 rms, n—root-mean-square, a statistical measure of surface roughness usually determined by means of a profilometer.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for the product shall include the following information: Include the following specified choices when placing orders
for product under this specification, as appropriate:
4.1.1 TheASTM designation and year of issue of both Specification F68 and the basic product specification involved,
4.1.2 Shape of product, Temper,
4.1.3 Size, Dimensions and form,
4.1.4 How furnished: straight lengths of coils,
4.1.5 Quantity: Total estimated weight or length or number of pieces, or both, for each size and shape, pieces of each size,
4.1.6 The Specification F68 Class of material,
4.1.7 Intended application (for example, wave guide),
4.1.7 Temper,
4.1.8 Heat identification or traceability details,
4.1.9 Certification,
4.2 The following options are available: available but may not be included unless specified at the time of placing the order when
required:
4.2.1 Heat identification or traceability details,
4.2.2 Certification,
4.2.3 Mill test report,
4.2.4 Special packaging,
4.2.5 Special marking,
4.2.6 If special temper requirements for sheet and strip for gasket applications are required.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Material—The material shall be oxygen-free electronic copper which conforms to the requirements of Specification B170,
Grade 1.
5.2 Manufacture—The manufacturing process shall conform to the requirements of this specification and to the basic product
specification to which the product was ordered.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The cast refinery shape shall conform to the requirements specified in Specification B170, Grade 1, Table 1.
6.1.1 Copper shall be taken as the difference between the sum of results for Grade 1 specified elements in Table 1 and 100 %.
6.2 These composition limits do not preclude the possible presence of other unnamed elements. Limits may be established and
analysis required for elements not specified in Table 1 of B170 by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
7. Temper
7.1 The temper of the wrought or fabricated product supplied shall conform to the requirements of the basic product
specification to which it was ordered.
8. Physical Properties
8.1 Electrical Resistivity—The maximum mass resistivity shall be 0.15176 ohms g/m (conductivity (conductivity 101.0 %
minimum, International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) at 20°C when tested in the annealed condition.
8.2 Scaling—When agreed upon between customer and supplier, the test specimens of oxygen-free copper shall show
substantial surface oxide adherence when subjected to test as described in 18.7.
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJF0068. Original adjunct produced in 1966.
F68 − 16
NOTE 1—The purpose of this test is to distinguish between oxygen-free copper and deoxidized copper. Deoxidized copper will not retain the surface
oxide in this test.
9. Mechanical Properties
9.1 All products shall conform to the mechanical property requirements of the basic product specification to which the item was
ordered, with the following exception:
9.1.1 Sheet and strip with a thickness of 0.125 in. or less and intended for gaskets or for deep drawing shall conform to the
requirements prescribed in Table 1, and when so specified 4.2.44.2.6 of Ordering Information.
10. Hydrogen Embrittlement (Reverse Bend Test Method)
10.1 Specimens shall withstand a minimum of ten reverse bends without breaking when prepared in accordance with B577 Test
Method D. Evidence of blisters, upon visual examination, shall be cause for rejection.
NOTE 2—Fractured areas of the bent samples should show some reduction in area and have a distorted, smeared surface. The ideal break will have
the appearance of a cup and cone tensile failure.
11. General Examination
11.1 When examined the samples shall have:
11.1.1 A relatively uniform surface free of irregular rough spots sometimes termed open grains,
11.1.2 Edges free of seams, laps and cracks,
11.1.3 Cross sections free of breaks, inclusions or extrusion pipe.
12. Special Examinations
12.1 Special Macro Examination:Special Macro Examination:
12.1.1 The samples shall show no subsurface defects in excess of the following limits:
12.1.1.1 Tubular Products:Tubular Products:
(1) Tubes for Exhaust (Pinch-off) Purposes:
(1) Tubes for Exhaust (Pinch-off) Purposes:
(a) For wall thickness over 0.1 in. (2.5 mm), no defects on the external surface deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm).
(b) For wall thicknesses up to 0.1 (2.5 mm) inclusive, no defects on the external surface deeper than 5 % of the wall thickness.
(c) No significant defects on the inside surface when examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
(2) Waveguides—No defects on the external surface deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the wall thickness, whichever
is smaller. No significant defects on the inside surface when examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
(3) Tube for Other Applications—No defects on either the internal or external surfaces deeper than 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or 5 %
of the wall thickness, whichever is the smaller.
(a) For wall thickness over 0.1 in. (2.5 mm), no defects on the external surface deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm).
(b) For wall thicknesses up to 0.1 (2.5 mm) inclusive, no defects on the external surface deeper than 5 % of the wall thickness.
(c) No significant defects on the inside surface when examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
(2) Waveguides—No defects on the external surface deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the wall thickness, whichever
is smaller. No significant defects on the inside surface when examined with fiber optics or a boroscope.
(3) Tube for Other Applications—No defects on either the internal or external surfaces deeper than 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or 5 %
of the wall thickness, whichever is the smaller.
12.1.1.2 Bar and Plate Products—No defects deeper than 0.06 in. (1.6 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever is the smaller.
12.1.1.3 Sheet, Strip and Flat Wire Products—No defects deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever
is smaller.
12.1.1.4 Rod and Wire Products:Rod and Wire Products:
(1) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in Diameter—No defects deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the diameter,
whichever is smaller.
(1) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in Diameter—No defects deeper than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 5 % of the diameter,
whichever is smaller.
TABLE 1 Grain Size
Average Grain
Hardness
Thickness Size,
A
HRF max
max, mm
Less than 0.040 in. (1.0 mm) 0.035 75
0.040 to 0.125 in. (1.0 to 3.2 mm) 0.050 75
A
For information only.
F68 − 16
(2) Rod and Wire 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) and Over in Diameter—No defects deeper than 0.06 in. (1.6 mm) or 5 % of the diameter,
whichever is smaller.
(2) Rod and Wire 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) and Over in Diameter—No defects deeper than 0.06 in. (1.6 mm) or 5 % of the diameter,
whichever is smaller.
12.2 Special Microscopical Examination:Special Microscopical Examination:
12.2.1 Samples shall be classified by comparison to Plate 1, which is available from ASTM International Headquarters as an
adjunct (see 2.2).
12.2.1.1 Product whose samples have an appearance in conforming to either Class 1 or Class 2 shall be considered acceptable.
12.2.1.2 Subsurface microporosity similar to those typical of Class 3, 4 or 5 as illustrated in Plate 1, are permissible in Class
1 and 2 material provided the microporosity does not appear below the metal surface at depths exceeding the following:
(1) Tubular Products:
(1) Tubular Products:
(a) Tubes for Exhaust Purposes and Waveguides—No indications at any depth below the surface.
(b) Tubes for Other Applications—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or 5 % of the tube wall,
whichever is smaller.
(2) Bar and Plate—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever is smaller.
(3) Sheet, Strip and Flat Wire—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever
is smaller.
(4) Rod and Wire Products:
(a) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in Diameter—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) or
5 % of the diameter or thickness, whichever is smaller.
(b) Rod and Wire 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) and Over in Diameter—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) or 5 %
of the diameter or thickness, whichever is the smaller.
(a) Tubes for Exhaust Purposes and Waveguides—No indications at any depth below the surface.
(b) Tubes for Other Applications —Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) or 5 % of the tube wall,
whichever is smaller.
(2) Bar and Plate—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever is smaller.
(3) Sheet, Strip and Flat Wire—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) or 5 % of the thickness, whichever
is smaller.
(4) Rod and Wire Products:
(a) Rod and Wire less than 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) in Diameter—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) or
5 % of the diameter or thickness, whichever is smaller.
(b) Rod and Wire 0.19 in. (4.8 mm) and Over in Diameter—Microporosity permissible to depths of 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) or 5 %
of the diameter or thickness, whichever is the smaller.
12.2.1.3 Product whose samples have an appearance corresponding to Class 3, 4 or 5 and not in conformance with 12.2.1.2,
shall be acceptable only by agreement between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.
13. Dimensions, Mass and Permissible Variations
13.1 The dimensional tolerances for the
...