ASTM D233-12

Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Turpentine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The test procedures described in this standard were developed when the chief use for turpentine was as a solvent. Currently however, the chief use for turpentine (and pinenes) is as raw materials for the production of resins and synthetic organic chemicals. Thus the chemical composition of turpentines and pinenes is extremely important and tests, in addition to the ones described in these test methods, are required in order to fully characterize turpentines and pinenes. The most widely used technique for determining the chemical composition of turpentines (and pinenes) is gas chromatography (see Test Methods D6387).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing turpentine, as defined by the Code of Federal Regulations and Terminology D804. These test methods are also used for the sampling and testing of pinenes, the major components of most turpentines.  
1.2 These test methods primarily measure the physical rather than the chemical properties of turpentines and pinenes. As turpentines and pinenes are currently used chiefly as chemical raw materials for the production of resins and synthetic organic chemicals, chemical composition is also very important. Consequently, testing the chemical composition of turpentines and pinenes by gas chromatography has displaced these test methods to a large extent. (See for example Test Methods D6387.)  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2012
• ICS: 87.060.30 - Solvents
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.34 - Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D233-08 - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Turpentine
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Replaced By: ASTM D233-13 - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Turpentine
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D889-23 - Standard Test Method for Volatile Oil in Rosin
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D4140-07(2018) - Standard Guide for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Driers, Drying Oils, Naval Stores, and Solvents
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D268-22 - Standard Guide for Sampling and Testing Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates for Use in Paint and Related Coatings and Material
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D2349-90(2020) - Standard Test Method for Qualitative Determination of Nature of Solvent Composition in Solvent-Reducible Paints
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E1405-98(2022) - Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Distillation Flasks
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D233 − 12
StandardTest Methods of
1
Sampling and Testing Turpentine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D233; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
3
1. Scope ucts (Withdrawn 1984)
D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and
Tall Oil and Related Products
testing turpentine, as defined by the Code of Federal Regula-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
tions and Terminology D804. These test methods are also used
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
for the sampling and testing of pinenes, the major components
Cobalt Scale)
of most turpentines.
D6166 Test Method for Color of Pine Chemicals and Re-
1.2 These test methods primarily measure the physical
lated Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner
rather than the chemical properties of turpentines and pinenes.
Color)
As turpentines and pinenes are currently used chiefly as
D6387 Test Methods for Composition of Turpentine and
chemical raw materials for the production of resins and
Related Terpene Products by Capillary Gas Chromatogra-
synthetic organic chemicals, chemical composition is also very
phy
important. Consequently, testing the chemical composition of
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
turpentines and pinenes by gas chromatography has displaced
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
these test methods to a large extent. (See for example Test
2.2 Other Document:
Methods D6387.)
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Part 160, “Regulations
4
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
and Standards for Naval Stores,” 1999
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3. Significance and Use
and are not considered standard.
3.1 The test procedures described in this standard were
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
developed when the chief use for turpentine was as a solvent.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Currentlyhowever,thechiefuseforturpentine(andpinenes)is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
as raw materials for the production of resins and synthetic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
organic chemicals. Thus the chemical composition of turpen-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tines and pinenes is extremely important and tests, in addition
to the ones described in these test methods, are required in
2. Referenced Documents
order to fully characterize turpentines and pinenes. The most
2
widely used technique for determining the chemical composi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tion of turpentines (and pinenes) is gas chromatography (see
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
Test Methods D6387).
Atmospheric Pressure
D270 Methods of Sampling Petroleum and Petroleum Prod-
4. Purity of Reagents
4.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon
Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such
Resins.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published December 2012 . Originally
approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D233 – 08. DOI:
3
10.1520/D0233-12. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.astm.org.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
the ASTM website. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D233 − 12
5
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, pro- APPEARANCE
vided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
7. Procedure
the determ
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D233 − 08 D233 − 12
Standard Test Methods of
1
Sampling and Testing Turpentine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D233; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing turpentine, as defined by the Code of Federal Regulations and
Terminology D804. These test methods are also used for the sampling and testing of pinenes, the major components of most
turpentines.
1.2 These test methods primarily measure the physical rather than the chemical properties of turpentines and pinenes. As
turpentines and pinenes are currently used chiefly as chemical raw materials for the production of resins and synthetic organic
chemicals, chemical composition is also very important. Consequently, testing the chemical composition of turpentines and pinenes
by gas chromatography has displaced these test methods to a large extent. (See for example Test Methods D6387.)
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
3
D270 Methods of Sampling Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Withdrawn 1984)
D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including Tall Oil and Related Products
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
D6166 Test Method for Color of Naval StoresPine Chemicals and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner
Color)
D6387 Test Methods for Composition of Turpentine and Related Terpene Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
2.2 Other Document:
4
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 7, Part 160, “Regulations and Standards for Naval Stores,” 1999
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The test procedures described in this standard were developed when the chief use for turpentine was as a solvent. Currently
however, the chief use for turpentine (and pinenes) is as raw materials for the production of resins and synthetic organic chemicals.
Thus the chemical composition of turpentines and pinenes is extremely important and tests, in addition to the ones described in
these test methods, are required in order to fully characterize turpentines and pinenes. The most widely used technique for
determining the chemical composition of turpentines (and pinenes) is gas chromatography (see Test Methods D6387).
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
Current edition approved June 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2012. Published June 2008December 2012 . Originally approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
D233 – 02.D233 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D0233-08.10.1520/D0233-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D233 − 12
4. Purity of Reagents
4.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all re
...