ASTM D3230-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
Standard Test Method for Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the approximate chloride content of crude oils, a knowledge of which is important in deciding whether or not the crude oil needs desalting. The efficiency of the process desalter can also be evaluated.
Excessive chloride left in the crude oil frequently results in higher corrosion rates in refining units and also has detrimental effects on catalysts used in these units.
This test method provides a rapid and convenient means of determining the approximate content of chlorides in crude oil and is useful to crude oil processors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the approximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil. The range of concentration covered is 0 to 500 mg/kg or 0 to 150 lb/1000 bbl as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil.
1.2 This test method measures conductivity in the crude oil due to the presence of common chlorides, such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium. Other conductive materials may also be present in the crude oil.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Acceptable concentration units are g/m3 or PTB (lb/1000 bbl).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.11.
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Designation:D3230–09
Standard Test Method for
1
Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3230; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.2 salts in crude oil—commonly, chlorides of sodium,
calcium, and magnesium dissolved in crude oil. Other inor-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ap-
ganic chlorides may also be present.
proximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil.The range
of concentration covered is 0 to 500 mg/kg or 0 to 150
4. Summary of Test Method
lb/1000 bbl as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil.
4.1 Thistestmethodmeasurestheconductivityofasolution
1.2 This test method measures conductivity in the crude oil
of crude oil in a mixed alcohol solvent when subjected to an
due to the presence of common chlorides, such as sodium,
electrical stress.This test method measures conductivity due to
calcium, and magnesium. Other conductive materials may also
the presence of inorganic chlorides, and other conductive
be present in the crude oil.
material, in the crude oil. A homogenized test specimen is
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
dissolved in a mixed alcohol solvent and placed in a test cell
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
consisting of a beaker and a set of electrodes. A voltage is
standard.
3
impressed on the electrodes, and the resulting current flow is
1.3.1 Acceptable concentration units are g/m or PTB (lb/
measured. The chloride (salt) content is obtained by reference
1000 bbl).
to a calibration curve of current versus chloride concentration
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of known mixtures. Calibration curves are based on standards
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
prepared to approximate the type and concentration of chlo-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rides in the crude oils being tested.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
5. Significance and Use
warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.11.
5.1 This test method is used to determine the approximate
chloride content of crude oils, a knowledge of which is
2. Referenced Documents
2 important in deciding whether or not the crude oil needs
2.1 ASTM Standards:
desalting. The efficiency of the process desalter can also be
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
evaluated.
ration
5.2 Excessivechlorideleftinthecrudeoilfrequentlyresults
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
in higher corrosion rates in refining units and also has
D4928 Test Methods for Water in Crude Oils by Coulom-
detrimental effects on catalysts used in these units.
etric Karl Fischer Titration
5.3 This test method provides a rapid and convenient means
D5002 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
of determining the approximate content of chlorides in crude
Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
oil and is useful to crude oil processors.
3. Terminology
6. Apparatus
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.1 The apparatus (seeAnnexA1) shall consist of a control
3.1.1 PTB—lb/1000 bbl.
unit capable of producing and displaying several voltage levels
for applying stress to a set of electrodes suspended in a test
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
beaker containing a test solution. The apparatus shall be
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
capable of measuring and displaying the current (mA) con-
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally ducted through the test solution between the electrodes at each
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3230–08. DOI:
voltage level.
10.1520/D3230-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
NOTE 1—Some apparatus are capable of measuring voltage and current
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
internally and, after comparison to internal calibration curves, of display-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ing the resultant concentration.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3230–08 Designation:D3230–09
Standard Test Method for
1
Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3230; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the approximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil. The range of
concentration covered is 0 to 500 mg/kg or 0 to 150 lb/1000 bbl as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil.
1.2 This test method measures conductivity in the crude oil due to the presence of common chlorides, such as sodium, calcium,
and magnesium. Other conductive materials may also be present in the crude oil.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
3
1.3.1 Acceptable concentration units are g/m or PTB (lb/1000 bbl).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.11.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4928 Test Methods for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D5002 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 PTB—lb/1000 bbl.
3.1.2 salts in crude oil—commonly, chlorides of sodium, calcium, and magnesium dissolved in crude oil. Other inorganic
chlorides may also be present.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method measures the conductivity of a solution of crude oil in a mixed alcohol solvent when subjected to an
electrical stress.This test method measures conductivity due to the presence of inorganic chlorides, and other conductive material,
inthecrudeoil.Ahomogenizedtestspecimenisdissolvedinamixedalcoholsolventandplacedinatestcellconsistingofabeaker
and a set of electrodes. A voltage is impressed on the electrodes, and the resulting current flow is measured. The chloride (salt)
content is obtained by reference to a calibration curve of current versus chloride concentration of known mixtures. Calibration
curves are based on standards prepared to approximate the type and concentration of chlorides in the crude oils being tested.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is used to determine the approximate chloride content of crude oils, a knowledge of which is important
in deciding whether or not the crude oil needs desalting. The efficiency of the process desalter can also be evaluated.
5.2 Excessive chloride left in the crude oil frequently results in higher corrosion rates in refining units and also has detrimental
effects on catalysts used in these units.
5.3 This test method provides a rapid and convenient means of determining the approximate content of chlorides in crude oil
and is useful to crude oil processors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.03 on
Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved MayOct. 1, 2008.2009. Published May 2008.November 2009. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as
D3230–06.D3230–08. DOI: 10.1520/D3230-089.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D3230–09
6. Apparatus
6.1 The apparatus (seeAnnexA1) shall consist of a control unit capable of producing and displaying several voltage levels for
applying stress to a set of electrodes suspended in a test beaker
...
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