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ASTM D6041-23

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and Fittings

Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and Fittings

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pipe and fittings fabricated by contact molding, for pressures to 150 psi and made of a commercial-grade polyester resin. Included are requirements for materials, properties, design, construction, dimensions, tolerances, workmanship, and appearance.  
1.2 This specification does not cover resins other than polyester, reinforcing materials other than glass fibers or fabrication methods other than contact molding.
Note 1: For the purposes of this specification, the term polyester resin will include both polyester and vinylester resins.  
1.3 This specification does not cover the design of pipe and fittings intended for use with liquids heated above their flash points.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to Section 10, the test methods portion, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jul-2023
ICS
23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.23 - Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C581-20 - Standard Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance of Thermosetting Resins Used in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Structures Intended for Liquid Service
Effective Date
15-Feb-2020
Refers
ASTM F412-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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ASTM D6041-23 - Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and FittingsASTM D6041-23 - Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and Fittings
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ASTM D6041-23 - Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and Fittings
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REDLINE ASTM D6041-23 - Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and FittingsREDLINE ASTM D6041-23 - Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and Fittings
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Technical specification
REDLINE ASTM D6041-23 - Standard Specification for Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and Fittings
English language
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6041 − 23
Standard Specification for
Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and
1
Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6041; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers pipe and fittings fabricated by
C581 Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance of
contact molding, for pressures to 150 psi and made of a
Thermosetting Resins Used in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
commercial-grade polyester resin. Included are requirements
Structures Intended for Liquid Service
for materials, properties, design, construction, dimensions,
C582 Specification for Contact-Molded Reinforced Thermo-
tolerances, workmanship, and appearance.
setting Plastic (RTP) Laminates for Corrosion-Resistant
1.2 This specification does not cover resins other than
Equipment
polyester, reinforcing materials other than glass fibers or
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
fabrication methods other than contact molding.
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
NOTE 1—For the purposes of this specification, the term polyester resin D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics
will include both polyester and vinylester resins.
Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1.3 This specification does not cover the design of pipe and
D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic
fittings intended for use with liquids heated above their flash
Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
points.
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
tics
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are provided
D2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plas-
3
for information purposes only.
tics by Means of a Barcol Impressor (Withdrawn 2022)
D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to
Resins
Section 10, the test methods portion, of this specification: This
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass”
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Fittings
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
D3681 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of “Fiberglass”
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
(Glass–Fiber–Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe in a
regulatory limitations prior to use.
Deflected Condition
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
D5421 Specification for Contact Molded “Fiberglass”
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Flanges
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2.2 ANSI Standards:
4
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
4
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced the ASTM website.
3
Thermosetting Resin Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2023. Published August 2023. Originally www.astm.org.
4
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D6041 – 18. DOI: Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D6041-23. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6041 − 18 D6041 − 23
Standard Specification for
Contact-Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin) Corrosion Resistant Pipe and
1
Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6041; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers pipe and fittings fabricated by contact molding, for pressures to 150 psi and made of a
commercial-grade polyester resin. Included are requirements for materials, properties, design, construction, dimensions, tolerances,
workmanship, and appearance.
1.2 This specification does not cover resins other than polyester, reinforcing materials other than glass fibers or fabrication
methods other than contact molding.
NOTE 1—For the purposes of this specification, the term polyester resin will include both polyester and vinylester resins.
1.3 This specification does not cover the design of pipe and fittings intended for use with liquids heated above their flash points.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are provided for
information purposes only.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to Section 10, the test methods portion, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Plastic
Thermosetting Resin Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018Aug. 1, 2023. Published November 2018August 2023. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20112018
as D6041 – 11.D6041 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D6041-18.10.1520/D6041-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6041 − 23
C581 Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance of Thermosetting Resins Used in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Structures
Intended for Liquid Service
C582 Specification for Contact-Molded Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic (RTP) Laminates for Corrosion-Resistant Equipment
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
3
D2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor (Withdrawn 2022)
D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced Resins
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings
D3681 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of “Fiberglass” (Glass–Fiber–Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe in a Deflected
Condition
D5421 Specification for Contact Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Flanges
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
2.2 ANSI Standards:
4
B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
4
B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
4
B18.22 Type “
...

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ASTM D2992-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is useful for establishing the hoop stress or internal pressure versus time-to-failure relationships, under selected internal and external environments which simulate actual anticipated product end-use conditions, from which a design basis for specific piping products and materials can be obtained. This practice defines an HDB for material in straight, hollow cylindrical shapes where hoop stress can be easily calculated, and a PDB for fittings and joints where stresses are more complex.  
5.1.1 An alternative design practice based on initial strain versus time-to-failure relationships employs a strain basis HDB instead of the stress basis HDB defined by this practice. The strain basis HDB is most often used for buried pipe designs with internal pressures ranging from 0 to 250 psig (1.72 MPa).  
5.2 To characterize fiberglass piping products, it is necessary to establish the stress versus cycles or time to failure, or pressure versus cycles or time to failure relationships over three or more logarithmic decades of time (cycles or hours) within controlled environmental parameters. Because of the nature of the test and specimens employed, no single line can adequately represent the data. Therefore, the confidence limits shall be established.  
5.3 Pressure ratings for piping of various dimensions at each temperature may be calculated using the HDS determined by testing one size of piping provided that the same specific process and material are used both for test specimens and the piping in question.  
5.4 Pressure ratings at each temperature for components other than straight hollow shapes may be calculated using the HDP determined by testing one size of piping provided that (1) the specific materials and manufacturing process used for the test specimens are used for the components, (2) for joints, the joining materials and procedures used to prepare the test specimens are used for field joining, and (3) scaling of critical dimensions is related ...
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1.1 This practice establishes two procedures, Procedure A (cyclic) and Procedure B (static), for obtaining a hydrostatic design basis (HDB) or a pressure design basis (PDB) for fiberglass piping products, by evaluating strength-regression data derived from testing pipe or fittings, or both, of the same materials and construction, either separately or in assemblies. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipe.
Note 1: For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymers.  
1.2 This practice can be used for the HDB determination for fiberglass pipe where the ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness is 10:1 or more.  
Note 2: This limitation, based on thin-wall pipe design theory, serves further to limit the application of this practice to internal pressures which, by the hoop-stress equation, are approximately 20 % of the derived hydrostatic design stress (HDS). For example, if HDS is 5000 psi (34 500 kPa), the pipe is limited to about 1000-psig (6900-kPa) internal pressure, regardless of diameter.
Note 3: Where long (continuous) glass fibers are intentionally placed to resist the planned pressure load case (that is, free end pressure testing and 654.7° fiberglass windings) the results from this practice may be overly conservative in predicting long term fiberglass pipe performance when the same pipe is operated at lower (non-damaging) stresses typical in normal pipeline applications.
Note 4: All data points in the analysis shall be of the same failure mode. Where plastic creep of the resin leading to pipe failure is precluded by unintended resin matrix cracking or other unanticipated modes of failure, this practice may not accurately represent the pipe’s life expectancy.  
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ASTM D3567-17(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides for determining the physical dimensions of fiberglass pipe and fittings. This practice is suitable for determination of dimensional compliance with product specifications.
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1.1 This practice covers the determination of outside diameter, inside diameter, total wall thickness, reinforced wall thickness, liner thickness (where applicable), and length dimensions of “fiberglass” (glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting resin) pipe. Included are procedures for measuring tapered dimensions and taper angles for pipe intended to be joined by tapered socket fittings, and procedures for gaging internal and external threads.  
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Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
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Standard Classification System and Basis for Specifications for Rigid Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Materials for Pipe and Fittings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers materials made from only virgin ABS polymers and blends of ABS polymers suitable for use in the extrusion of pipe and molding of fittings. ABS polymers and blends of ABS polymers shall be classified according to cell limits: Cell 0; Cell 1; Cell 2; Cell 3; Cell 4; and Cell 5. The ABS material shall be produced by polymerization of the monomers, acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene, or their closely related chemical derivatives, or from a blend of ABS polymers from those monomers. The blend of ABS polymers can be intimately mixed by melt compounding, or it can be a homogeneous physical mixture of discrete ABS polymers. Materials shall be measured using techniques in accordance with the following test methods: impact testing; deflection temperature under load; tensile stress at yield point; modulus of elasticity in tension; and specific gravity.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers materials made from only virgin ABS polymers and blends of ABS polymers suitable for use in the extrusion of pipe and molding of fittings.  
1.2 The requirements of this classification system are applicable only to the ABS polymers and blends of ABS polymers as classified and do not address the requirements of the finished pipe or fittings. The applicable ASTM standard specification for pipe or fittings shall be consulted for their requirements.  
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1.2 Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be installed in accordance with Practice D2321.  
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1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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ASTM F2928-18(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Specimens and Testing Conditions for Testing Polyethylene (PE) Pipe Butt Fusions Using Tensile and Hydrostatic Test Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides requirements for standardized preparation of sample butt fusions, preparation of specimens from sample butt fusions, and conditioning for testing in accordance with Test Method D638, Test Method D1598, or Test Method D1599. This practice is intended to improve the ability to reliably compare test results from multiple parties.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides standardized sample butt fusion preparation, conditioning, and testing conditions for tension testing of specimens prepared from sample butt fusion joints or hydrostatic tests of sample butt fusion joints in accordance with:  
1.1.1 Test Method D638, tension testing;
1.1.1.1 The preparation or use of tensile specimens other than Test Method D638 Type I through Type V is beyond the scope of this practice.  
1.1.2 Test Method D1598, constant (sustained) hydraulic pressure testing;  
1.1.3 Test Method D1599, short-term hydraulic pressure testing.  
1.1.4 It is not within the scope of this practice to include plastic materials other than polyethylene or other tests for butt fusions. The exclusion of other plastic materials and other tests does not imply that other plastic materials are suitable or unsuitable for butt fusion, or that the tests cited herein are adequate or inadequate for qualitative characterization and for research and development of butt fusion joints, or that other tests do not have lesser, equal, or greater utility for such purpose.  
1.1.5 The evaluation of test results and the determination of test result evaluation criteria are not within the scope of this practice. This practice is limited to standardized butt fusion test specimens and testing conditions for the comparison of test data from multiple parties.  
1.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.1.7 In this standard, text in parentheses, notes in the body of the standard and appendices are informational and non-mandatory. For tables in the body of the standard, table notes are mandatory.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2992-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is useful for establishing the hoop stress or internal pressure versus time-to-failure relationships, under selected internal and external environments which simulate actual anticipated product end-use conditions, from which a design basis for specific piping products and materials can be obtained. This practice defines an HDB for material in straight, hollow cylindrical shapes where hoop stress can be easily calculated, and a PDB for fittings and joints where stresses are more complex.  
5.1.1 An alternative design practice based on initial strain versus time-to-failure relationships employs a strain basis HDB instead of the stress basis HDB defined by this practice. The strain basis HDB is most often used for buried pipe designs with internal pressures ranging from 0 to 250 psig (1.72 MPa).  
5.2 To characterize fiberglass piping products, it is necessary to establish the stress versus cycles or time to failure, or pressure versus cycles or time to failure relationships over three or more logarithmic decades of time (cycles or hours) within controlled environmental parameters. Because of the nature of the test and specimens employed, no single line can adequately represent the data. Therefore, the confidence limits shall be established.  
5.3 Pressure ratings for piping of various dimensions at each temperature may be calculated using the HDS determined by testing one size of piping provided that the same specific process and material are used both for test specimens and the piping in question.  
5.4 Pressure ratings at each temperature for components other than straight hollow shapes may be calculated using the HDP determined by testing one size of piping provided that (1) the specific materials and manufacturing process used for the test specimens are used for the components, (2) for joints, the joining materials and procedures used to prepare the test specimens are used for field joining, and (3) scaling of critical dimensions is related ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes two procedures, Procedure A (cyclic) and Procedure B (static), for obtaining a hydrostatic design basis (HDB) or a pressure design basis (PDB) for fiberglass piping products, by evaluating strength-regression data derived from testing pipe or fittings, or both, of the same materials and construction, either separately or in assemblies. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipe.
Note 1: For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymers.  
1.2 This practice can be used for the HDB determination for fiberglass pipe where the ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness is 10:1 or more.  
Note 2: This limitation, based on thin-wall pipe design theory, serves further to limit the application of this practice to internal pressures which, by the hoop-stress equation, are approximately 20 % of the derived hydrostatic design stress (HDS). For example, if HDS is 5000 psi (34 500 kPa), the pipe is limited to about 1000-psig (6900-kPa) internal pressure, regardless of diameter.
Note 3: Where long (continuous) glass fibers are intentionally placed to resist the planned pressure load case (that is, free end pressure testing and 654.7° fiberglass windings) the results from this practice may be overly conservative in predicting long term fiberglass pipe performance when the same pipe is operated at lower (non-damaging) stresses typical in normal pipeline applications.
Note 4: All data points in the analysis shall be of the same failure mode. Where plastic creep of the resin leading to pipe failure is precluded by unintended resin matrix cracking or other unanticipated modes of failure, this practice may not accurately represent the pipe’s life expectancy.  
1.3 This practice provides a PDB for complex-shaped products or systems where complex stress fields seriously inhibit the use of h...

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ASTM
ASTM D2122-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides for determining the physical dimensions of thermoplastic pipe and fittings. This test method is suitable for determination of dimensional compliance with product specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of diameter, wall thickness, and length dimensions of thermoplastic pipe. Included are procedures for measurement of the inside diameter of pipe intended to be joined by internal fittings, measurement of the average outside diameter for roundable pipe where out-of-roundness is not of primary concern, out-of-roundness measurement and measurement of the average outside diameter of non-roundable pipe, and for determining length and straightness.  
1.2 This test method also includes procedures for dimensioning molded thermoplastic pipe fittings.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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