ASTM D1816-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin Using VDE Electrodes
Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin Using VDE Electrodes
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils commonly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40°C (104°F) has not been determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used in this test method.
1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric breakdown strength of oil in insulating systems.
1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids. This test method should be used as recommended by professional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.
1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecutive breakdowns.
1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are acceptable.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 1816 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils of
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Petroleum Origin Using VDE Electrodes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1816; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielec- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tric breakdown voltage of insulating oils of petroleum origin. D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
This test method is applicable to liquid petroleum oils com- (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
monly used in cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and D 923 Practice for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
similar apparatus as an insulating and cooling medium. The D 2225 Test Method for Silicone Fluids Used for Electrical
suitability of this test method for testing oils having viscosity Insulation
of more than 19 cSt, (100SUS) at 40°C (104°F) has not been D 2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liq-
determined. Refer to Terminology D 2864 for definitions used uids and Gases
in this test method. D 3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in
1.2 This test method is sensitive to the deleterious effects of Electrical Apparatus
moisture in solution especially when cellulosic fibers are 2.2 IEEE Standard:
present in the oil. It has been found to be especially useful in Standard 4 IEEE Standard Techniques for High Voltage
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diagnostic and laboratory investigations of the dielectric break- Testing
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down strength of oil in insulating systems. C57.106 Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Insulat-
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1.3 This test method is used to judge if the VDE electrode ing Oil in Equipment
breakdown voltage requirements are met for insulating liquids.
3. Significance and Use
This test method should be used as recommended by profes-
3.1 The dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid
sional organization standards such as IEEE C57.106.
is of importance as a measure of the liquid’s ability to
1.4 This test method may be used to obtain the dielectric
breakdown of silicone fluid as specified in Test Method withstand electric stress without failure. The dielectric break-
down voltage serves to indicate the presence of contaminating
D 2225, provided that the discharge energy into the sample is
less than 20 mJ (milli joule) per breakdown for five consecu- agents such as water, dirt, cellulosic fibers, or conducting
particles in the liquid, one or more of which may be present in
tive breakdowns.
1.5 Both the metric and the alternative inch-pound units are significant concentrations when low breakdown voltages are
obtained. However, a high dielectric breakdown voltage does
acceptable.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the not necessarily indicate the absence of all contaminants; it may
merely indicate that the concentrations of contaminants that are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- present in the liquid between the electrodes are not large
enough to deleteriously affect the average breakdown voltage
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. of the liquid when tested by this test method (see Appendix
X1.)
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
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Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mittee D27.05 on Electrical Tests. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1960 as D 1816 – 60 T. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as the ASTM website.
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D 1816 – 97. Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc., PO
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Supporting data is available from ASTM Headquarters. Request RR:D27-1006. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D1816–03
3.2 This test method is used in laboratory or field tests. For 4.4 Measuring Systems—The voltage shall be measured by
field breakdown results to be comparable to laboratory results, a method that fufills the requirements of IEEE Standard No. 4,
giving rms values.
all criteria including room
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