ASTM D7458-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in Soil and Sediment Using Ammonium Bifluoride Extraction and Fluorescence Detection
Standard Test Method for Determination of Beryllium in Soil and Sediment Using Ammonium Bifluoride Extraction and Fluorescence Detection
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Exposure to beryllium can cause a potentially fatal disease, and occupational exposure limits for beryllium in air and on surfaces have been established to reduce exposure risks to potentially affected workers (1, 2).5 Measurement of beryllium in matrices such as soil and sediment is important in environmental remediation projects involving beryllium contamination (3) and for establishment of background levels of beryllium at sites where anthropogenic beryllium may have been used (2, 4-6). Sampling and analytical methods for beryllium are needed in order to meet the challenges relating to exposure assessment and risk reduction. Sampling and analysis methods, such as the procedure described in this test method, are desired in order to facilitate measurements of beryllium that can be used as a basis for management of remediation projects and protection of human health.
5.2 This test method can be used for purposes such as environmental remediation projects where beryllium is a contaminant of concern. It is also useful for characterization of levels of beryllium in soil at sites where beryllium is in mining or manufacturing applications, and for determination of background levels of beryllium in soil.
5.3 The limit of quantification of this test method varies with the dilution factor (see 13.6.1). For the detection solution containing lysine the detection limit is 0.013 mg beryllium per kilogram of sample, based on a 0.5 g sample (7) extracted in a 50 mL extraction solution and analyzed using a dilution factor of 20×. When the lysine-free detection solution is used one may use a 20× dilution factor and obtain the same detection limit or use 5× dilution factor and obtain a detection limit of 0.004 mg/kg of sample.
Note 1: Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of beryllium in samples of soil and sediment. This test method can be used for purposes such as environmental remediation projects where beryllium is a contaminant of concern. It is also useful for characterization of levels of beryllium in soil at sites where beryllium is in mining or manufacturing applications, and for determination of background levels of beryllium in soil.
1.2 This test method assumes that samples of soil or sediment are collected using appropriate and applicable methods.
1.3 This test method includes a procedure for extraction (dissolution) of beryllium in dilute ammonium bifluoride, followed by analysis of aliquots of the extract solution using a beryllium-specific fluorescent dye.
1.4 For a 500 mg sample, the lower limit of the working range is approximately 0.04 mg Be/kg (5× dilution) or 0.1 mg Be/kg (20× dilution). The working range extends to concentrations of at least 500 mg Be/kg.
1.5 No detailed operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of suitable fluorometric instruments. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument. This test method does not address comparative accuracy of different devices or the precision between instruments of the same make and model.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.7.1 For purposes of comparing a measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal of significant digits in the specified limit.
1.7.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded, or calculated, in thi...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7458 −21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Beryllium in Soil and Sediment Using
Ammonium Bifluoride Extraction and Fluorescence
1
Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7458; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7.1 For purposes of comparing a measured or calculated
value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated
1.1 Thistestmethodisintendedforuseinthedetermination
value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal of significant
of beryllium in samples of soil and sediment.This test method
digits in the specified limit.
can be used for purposes such as environmental remediation
1.7.2 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
projectswhereberylliumisacontaminantofconcern.Itisalso
recorded, or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the
usefulforcharacterizationoflevelsofberylliuminsoilatsites
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
where beryllium is in mining or manufacturing applications,
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
and for determination of background levels of beryllium in
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
soil.
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
1.2 This test method assumes that samples of soil or
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
sediment are collected using appropriate and applicable meth-
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
ods.
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical
1.3 This test method includes a procedure for extraction
(dissolution) of beryllium in dilute ammonium bifluoride, methods for engineering data.
followed by analysis of aliquots of the extract solution using a
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
beryllium-specific fluorescent dye.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.4 For a 500 mg sample, the lower limit of the working
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
range is approximately 0.04 mg Be/kg (5× dilution) or 0.1 mg
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Be/kg (20× dilution). The working range extends to concen-
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
trations of at least 500 mg Be/kg.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.5 No detailed operating instructions are provided because
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of differences among various makes and models of suitable
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
fluorometric instruments. Instead, the analyst shall follow the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
instrument. This test method does not address comparative
accuracy of different devices or the precision between instru-
2. Referenced Documents
ments of the same make and model.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Fluids
standard.
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
1.7 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Atmospheres
Practice D6026. D3740Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir
2
Quality. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published April 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7458–14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7458-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7458 − 14 D7458 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Beryllium in Soil, Rock, Sediment, and Fly
Ash Soil and Sediment Using Ammonium Bifluoride
1
Extraction and Fluorescence Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7458; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of beryllium in samples of soil, rock, sediment, and fly ash. soil and
sediment. This test method can be used for purposes such as environmental remediation projects where beryllium is a contaminant
of concern. It is also useful for characterization of levels of beryllium in soil at sites where beryllium is in mining or manufacturing
applications, and for determination of background levels of beryllium in soil.
1.2 This test method assumes that samples of soil, rock, sediment, or fly ash soil or sediment are collected using appropriate and
applicable ASTM International standard practices.methods.
1.3 This test method includes a procedure for extraction (dissolution) of beryllium in dilute ammonium bifluoride, followed by
analysis of aliquots of the extract solution using a beryllium-specific fluorescent dye.
1.4 For a 500 mg sample, the lower limit of the working range is approximately 0.04 mg Be/kg (5× dilution) or 0.1 mg Be/kg
(20× dilution). The working range extends to concentrations of at least 500 mg Be/kg.
1.5 No detailed operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of suitable
fluorometric instruments. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular
instrument. This test method does not address comparative accuracy of different devices or the precision between instruments of
the same make and model.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.7.1 For purposes of comparing a measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall
be rounded to the nearest decimal of significant digits in the specified limit.
1.7.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded, or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014Sept. 1, 2021. Published June 2014April 2022. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20082014 as
D7458 – 08.D7458 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D7458-14.10.1520/D7458-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7458 − 21
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.data.
1.7 This test method contains notes that are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazards associated with performance of this test method are described
in Section 9.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards,
...
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