ASTM E2271/E2271M-22
(Practice)Standard Practice for Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction Activities in Multifamily Dwellings
Standard Practice for Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction Activities in Multifamily Dwellings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A clearance examination of abatement areas and other areas associated with other lead-hazard control activities, or building maintenance or modification activities in multifamily dwellings having similar units, common areas or exterior sites is performed to determine that the clearance area is adequately safe for reoccupancy.
4.2 It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to assure that all regulatory, contractual, and personnel requirements are met prior to conduct of a clearance examination. At a minimum, users of this standard shall be trained in its use and in safe practices for its conduct.
4.3 This practice is one of a set of standards developed for lead hazard management activities. The visual assessment procedures required in this standard are found in Practice E2255/E2255M and the record keeping requirements are found in Practice E2239.
4.4 Although this practice was primarily developed for multifamily dwellings, this practice may be also applied to nonresidential buildings and related structures by agreement between the client and the individual conducting the clearance examination.
4.5 This practice may be used by owners and property managers, including owner-occupants, and others responsible for maintaining facilities. It may also be used by lead hazard management consultants, construction contractors, labor groups, real estate and financial professionals, insurance organizations, legislators, regulators, and legal professionals.
4.6 This standard does not address whether lead-hazard reduction activities or other building modification or maintenance work were done properly.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers visual assessment for the presence of deteriorated paint, surface dust, painted debris, and paint chips with environmental sampling of surface dust to determine whether a lead hazard exists at the time of sample collection, following lead-hazard reduction activities, or other building maintenance and modification activities.
1.2 This practice addresses clearance examination of multifamily dwellings having similar units, common areas or exterior sites.
1.3 This practice also addresses clearance examinations that may include soil sampling, for example when soil abatement has been performed.
1.4 This practice includes a procedure for determining whether regulatory requirements for lead clearance levels for dust and, where warranted, soil have been met, and, consequently whether a clearance area, passes or fails a clearance examination.
Note 1: This practice is based on that portion of “clearance” described in 40 CFR Part 745 for abatement, and in 24 CFR 35 for lead-hazard reduction activities other than abatement, except that composite dust sampling as described therein is not used.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.6 Methods described in this practice may not meet or be allowed by requirements or regulations established by local authorities having jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to comply with all such requirements and regulations.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organiz...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2271/E2271M − 22
Standard Practice for
Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction
1
Activities in Multifamily Dwellings
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2271/E2271M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This practice covers visual assessment for the presence
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of deteriorated paint, surface dust, painted debris, and paint
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
chips with environmental sampling of surface dust to deter-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
mine whether a lead hazard exists at the time of sample
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
collection, following lead-hazard reduction activities, or other
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
building maintenance and modification activities.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 This practice addresses clearance examination of mul-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tifamily dwellings having similar units, common areas or
exterior sites.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 This practice also addresses clearance examinations that
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
may include soil sampling, for example when soil abatement
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
has been performed.
Atmospheres
1.4 This practice includes a procedure for determining
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
whether regulatory requirements for lead clearance levels for
D5124 Practice for Testing and Use of a Random Number
dust and, where warranted, soil have been met, and, conse-
Generator in Lumber and Wood Products Simulation
quently whether a clearance area, passes or fails a clearance
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
examination.
E1480 Terminology of Facility Management (Building-
NOTE 1—This practice is based on that portion of “clearance” described
Related)
in 40 CFR Part 745 for abatement, and in 24 CFR 35 for lead-hazard
reduction activities other than abatement, except that composite dust
E1583 Practice for Evaluating Laboratories Engaged in De-
sampling as described therein is not used.
termination of Lead in Paint, Dust, Airborne Particulates,
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
and Soil Taken From and Around Buildings and Related
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in Structures
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
E1605 Terminology Relating to Lead in Buildings
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
E1727 Practice for Field Collection of Soil Samples for
used independently of the other, and values from the two
Subsequent Lead Determination
systems shall not be combined.
E1728/E1728M Practice for Collection of Settled Dust
Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent
1.6 Methods described in this practice may not meet or be
Lead Determination
allowed by requirements or regulations established by local
E1792 Specification for Wipe Sampling Materials for Lead
authorities having jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of the
in Surface Dust
user of this standard to comply with all such requirements and
E2239 PracticeforRecordKeepingandRecordPreservation
regulations.
for Lead Hazard Activities
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E2255/E2255M Practice for ConductingVisualAssessments
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for Lead Hazards in Buildings
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.12 on Sampling and Analysis
2
of Lead for Exposure and Risk Assessment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as E2271 – 18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2271_E2271M-22. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2271/E2271M − 18 E2271/E2271M − 22
Standard Practice for
Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction
1
Activities in Multifamily Dwellings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2271/E2271M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers visual assessment for the presence of deteriorated paint, surface dust, painted debris, and paint chips with
environmental sampling of surface dust to determine whether a lead hazard exists at the time of sample collection, following
lead-hazard reduction activities, or other building maintenance and modification activities.
1.2 This practice addresses clearance examination of multifamily dwellings having similar units, common areas or exterior sites.
1.3 This practice also addresses clearance examinations that may include soil sampling, for example when soil abatement has been
performed.
1.4 This practice includes a procedure for determining whether regulatory requirements for lead clearance levels for dust and,
where warranted, soil have been met, and, consequently whether a clearance area, passes or fails a clearance examination.
NOTE 1—This practice is based on that portion of “clearance” described in 40 CFR Part 745 for abatement, and in 24 CFR 35 for lead-hazard reduction
activities other than abatement, except that composite dust sampling as described therein is not used.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.6 Methods described in this practice may not meet or be allowed by requirements or regulations established by local authorities
having jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to comply with all such requirements and regulations.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.12 on Sampling and
Analysis,Analysis of Lead,Lead for Exposure and Risk Assessment.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018March 1, 2022. Published May 2018June 2022. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20122018 as
ɛ1
E2271 – 05a (2012)E2271 – 18. . DOI: 10.1520/E2271_E2271M-18.10.1520/E2271_E2271M-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E2271/E2271M − 22
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5124 Practice for Testing and Use of a Random Number Generator in Lumber and Wood Products Simulation
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E1480 Terminology of Facility Management (Building-Related)
E1583 Practice for Evaluating Laboratories Engaged in Determination of Lead in Paint, Dust, Airborne Particulates, and Soil
Taken From and Around Buildings and Related Structures
E1605 Terminology Relating to Lead in Buildings
E1727 Practice for Field Collection of Soil Samples for Subsequent Lead Determination
E1728E1728/E1728M Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Lead
Determination
E1792 Specification for Wipe Sampling Materials for Lead in Surface Dust
E2239 Practice for Record Keeping and Record Preservation for Lead Hazard Activities
E2255/E2255M Practice for Conducting Visual Assessme
...
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