ASTM D2180-89(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Active Oxygen in Bleaching Compounds
Standard Test Method for Active Oxygen in Bleaching Compounds
ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of inorganic active oxygen in bleaching compounds such as perborates, percarbonates, and peroxides by titration of an acidified aqueous solution with a standard solution of potassium permanganate. Tests shall use reagent grade chemicals, reagent water, potassium permanganate standard solution, sodium oxalate, and sulfuric acid. Well mixed sample shall be titrated according to the procedure indicated in this standard method. Active oxygen weight percent shall be calculated using the given formula.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of inorganic“ active oxygen” in bleaching compounds such as perborates, percarbonates, and peroxides but not in persulfates or monopersulfates.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D2180 − 89 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Active Oxygen in Bleaching Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2180; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
performed in such a manner as to avoid any considerable excess of
1. Scope
permanganate.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of inorganic“
active oxygen” in bleaching compounds such as perborates,
5. Interferences
percarbonates, and peroxides but not in persulfates or monop-
5.1 The possibility of interference from organic
ersulfates.
constituents, which may react with permanganate, must be
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
considered with each compound encountered. A sluggish
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
reaction or vague end point, will suggest interference. Inor-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ganic builders or detergents, such as silicates, phosphates, or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
carbonates, do not interfere. Organic detergents or wetting
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
agents may interfere. EDTA-type sequestrants do interfere (see
Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
Terminology D459).
them for hazards prior to usage.
6. Reagents
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other Detergents
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
3. Terminology
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
3.1 Definitions:
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
3.1.1 active oxygen—the measure of the oxidizing power of
accuracy of the determination.
compounds such as inorganic perborates, percarbonates, or
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
peroxides which, in effect, release hydrogen peroxide in acid
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
solutions. It is expressed in terms of oxygen (O) with gram-
to Specification D1193.
equivalent weight of 8.00.
6.3 Potassium Permanganate, Standard Solution (0.1 N)—
4. Summary of Test Method
Dissolve 3.2 g of potassium permanganate (KMnO)in100
4.1 Active oxygen is determined by titration of an acidified mL of water and dilute the solution with water to 1 L. Allow
aqueous solution of the compound with a standard solution of the solution to stand in the dark for two weeks and then filter
potassium permanganate. throughafine-porositysintered-glasscrucible.Donotwashthe
filter.Storethesolutioninglass-stoppered,amber-coloredglass
NOTE 1—Use of a molybdate-catalyzed iodometric method for this
bottles.
purpose has been suggested, but the possible reaction of the liberated
iodine on organics present must be considered. It is believed there is less
NOTE 2—Do not permit the filtered solution to come into contact with
likelihood of reaction with permanganate, provided the titration is
paper, rubber, or other organic material.
6.3.1 Weigh accurately to the nearest 0.1 mg about 0.3 g
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps
standardsodiumoxalate(Na C O ,previouslydriedat105°C).
2 2 4
and Other Detergentsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.12 on
Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their Components.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved
in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D2180 – 89 (2003). DOI: Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
10.1520/D2180-89R08. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
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