ASTM D6337-98(2007)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Physical Characterization of Woven Paint Applicator Fabrics
Standard Practice for Physical Characterization of Woven Paint Applicator Fabrics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is important to recognize that all woven paint applicator fabrics are pile fabrics and can be a combination of several different yarns, in a range of densities, chemical compositions, and pile heights, which may influence painting performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the dimensions, terminology, and characteristics generally considered of importance to those dealing with woven paint applicator fabrics and describes methods for determining these parameters. This practice is not meant to be a definitive analytical method to deformulate woven fabrics.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6337 − 98 (Reapproved 2007)
StandardPractice for
Physical Characterization of Woven Paint Applicator
Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6337; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 backcoating, n—a resin coating that is usually applied
1.1 This practice covers the dimensions, terminology, and
to the back of a fabric and heat cured to enhance its stability.
characteristics generally considered of importance to those
dealing with woven paint applicator fabrics and describes
3.2.2 backing, n—a set of warp yarns or ends of defined
methods for determining these parameters. This practice is not
composition that help create the base of a fabric that runs the
meant to be a definitive analytical method to deformulate
length of the fabric (see Fig. 1).
woven fabrics.
3.2.3 case of fabric, n—a box of cloth, ready for shipping,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
usually consisting of slit reels.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2.4 dyelot, n—a specific quantity that is processed to-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
gether and can be comparatively ranked within or among other
and are not considered standard.
dyelots.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.5 end, n—one warp yarn (see Fig. 1).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.2.6 fiber, n—an individual strand or filament of finite or
continuous length that may be of a natural or synthetic origin.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.7 filling, n—an individual yarn of defined composition
that interlaces with warp ends at right angles in a woven fabric
2. Referenced Documents
to help form the base of a pile fabric (see Fig. 1).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.8 laboratory sample, n—a sample from each case of
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
fabric for acceptance testing.
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
3.2.9 lot sample, n—a sample for acceptance testing con-
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
sisting of a random number of dyelots as directed in agreement
D3774 Test Method for Width of Textile Fabric
between purchaser and supplier.
D3775 Test Method forWarp (End) and Filling (Pick) Count
of Woven Fabrics
3.2.10 pick, n—one filling yarn (see Fig. 1).
D3776 Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of
3.2.11 pick glass, n—an instrument with a magnifying lens
Fabric
and a set viewing field of one square inch used to identify
construction (see Fig. 2).
3. Terminology
3.2.12 pile, n—an additional set of warp yarns or ends of
3.1 Definitions:
defined composition that are introduced into a pile fabric to
3.1.1 Several terms in this practice are defined in accor-
make cut or uncut loops on the surface that are approximately
dance with Terminology D123.
perpendicular to the plane of the backing and filling (see Fig.
1).
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
3.2.13 pile fabric, n—a three-dimensional cloth with inter-
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.61 on Paint Application Tools. lacing at right angles of three systems of yarn as warp, fill, and
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
pile.
´1
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6337 – 98 (2003) .
3.2.13.1 Discussion—Pile fabrics have a fur-like face that
DOI: 10.1520/D6337-98R07.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or can consist of cut or uncut loops.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.2.14 pile fabric composition, n—the total make-up of the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. fabric, being either natural or synthetic, or a combination.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6337 − 98 (Reapproved 2007)
3.2.21 test specimen, n—a specimen cut from a reel of
fabric.
3.2.21.1 Discussion—Each specimen shall be 6 in. (152.4
mm) in length, with one side of each specimen parallel to the
warp ends.
3.2.22 total fabric density, n—fabric weight in ounces per
square yard of finished fabric.
3.2.23 tuft, n—the entire loop that forms the face of the
fabricandisattachedtothebackingfabricatabindingsite(see
FIG. 1 Components of Typical Pile Fabric Fig. 1).
3.2.24 weave construction, n—one repeat of a pattern,
including per inch, ends per inch, and the way the pile weaves
into the base of the cloth, for example, W-weave, V-weave.
3.2.24.1 W-weave, n—a weave construction where at least 3
picks are needed to form a tuft with the resulting tuft
resembling the letter “W” (see Fig. 4 (a)).
3.2.24.2 V-weave, n—a weave construction where only one
FIG. 2 Pick Glass
pick is needed to form a tuft. The resulting tuft resembles the
letter “V” (see Fig. 4)(b).
3.2.25 woven fabric, n—a cloth with interlacing at right
angles of two systems of yarn known as warp and fill.
3.2.26 yarn, n—the coherent arrangement of fibers of vary-
ing or similar length, whose relative positions are maintained
by a definite lateral twist to produce strength.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 It is important to recognize that all woven paint appli-
FIG. 3 Pile Height Micrometer
cator fabrics are pile fabrics and can be a combination of
several different yarns, in a range of densities, chemical
compositions, and pile heights, which may influence painting
performance.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Pile-Height Micrometer
5.2 Graduated Linear Scale, that measures to ⁄32 in. incre-
FIG. 4 Weave Constructions
ments (1 mm).
5.3 Pick Glass.
5.4 Balance, capable of weighing to 0.001 oz (0.10 g).
3.2.15 pile height micrometer, n—a thickness testing instru-
ment, referenced in Test Method D1777.
6. Determination of Physical Characteristics
3.2.15.1 Discussion—It consists of 4 in. (102 mm) diameter
presser foot controlled by a lever, a gage with readings to the
6.1 Total Fabric Height—Determine the total fabric height
nearest 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) and a horseshoe-shaped handle
by measuring the material thickness using a pile height
that will measure 6 in. (152.4 mm) into the body of the fabric
micrometer (see Test Method D1777). Report the dimensions
(see Fig. 3).
to the nearest 0.001 in. (0.02 mm).
3.2.16 pile tuft density, n—the quantity of pile per unit area
6.2 Slit Width—Determine the width by measuring the back
as stated in pile tufts per square inch.
oftheclothfromwarpendtowarpendusingacalibratedscale.
Report dimensions to the nearest ⁄32 in. (0.78 mm), with
3.2.17 reel, n—a specified length of slit goods rolled to-
tolerances of 6 ⁄32 in. (61 mm).
gether as one unit.
3.2.18 shearable pile, n—the pile tufts above the backing
that can be removed with shear clippers.
The sole source of supply of the pile height micrometer known to the
3.2.19 slitting, n—a means of cutting the full width of fabric
committee at this time is the Andrews Equipment Co., 4619 Torresdale Ave.,
Philadelphia,PA19124.Ifyouareawareofalternativesuppliers,pleaseprovidethis
into longitudinal strips.
information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive
3.2.20 slit width, n—the width dimension of a fabric strip
careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which
after slitting. you may attend.
D6337 − 98 (Reapproved 2007)
6.3 Picks per Inch—Determine picks per inch by counting 9.1.5 Repeat the measurements on the other specimens and
individual filling yarns through a pick glass. Report to the report the average measurement, the maximum measurement,
nearest whole number with a tolerance of 6 one pick. and the minimum measurement for all samples.
6.4 Total Fabric Density—Determine the ounces per square
9.2 Slit Width Measurement (see Test Method D3774):
yard using the balance (see Test Methods D3776). Report
9.2.1 Lay the test specimen, pile side down, on a smooth
2 2
fabric density to the nearest 0.001 oz/yd (0.10 g/m ).
horizontal surface without tension in any direction and free of
wrinkles or distortion. Use a graduated linear scale that is
6.5 Pile Tuft Density—The weave construction (W-weave or
longer than the specimen is wide.
V-weave) must be known to determine the pile density. Report
9.2.2 Measure the width of the fabric, which will be the
pile tuft density in tufts per square inch.
distance from the outer edge of the outer warp end on one side
6.6 Shearable Pile Density—Determine the amount of pile
to the outer edge of the outer warp end on the other side,
that is above the backing. Report amount to the nearest 0.001
measured perpendicular to the warp ends. Measurements
oz. (0.10 g).
should be taken at two points separated by at least
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