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ASTM D5615-95(2001)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices

Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the operating characteristics of home reverse osmosis devices using standard test conditions. It does not necessarily determine the characteristics of the devices operating on natural waters.
1.2 This test method is applicable for spiral-wound devices.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Apr-1995
ICS
13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.08 - Membranes and Ion Exchange Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5615-95 - Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices
Effective Date
15-Apr-1995
Replaced By
ASTM D5615-07 - Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices
Effective Date
15-Jun-2007

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ASTM D5615-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5615–95(Reapproved2001)
Standard Test Method for
Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5615; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers determination of the operating 4.1 This test method consists of determining the permeate
characteristicsofhomereverseosmosisdevicesusingstandard flow rate and sodium chloride rejection for reverse osmosis
test conditions. It does not necessarily determine the charac- devicesat345-kPa(50-psi)feedgagepressure,25°Cand22%
teristics of the devices operating on natural waters. conversion using an aqueous 300-mg/L sodium chloride solu-
1.2 This test method is applicable for spiral-wound devices. tion.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5.1 Home reverse osmosis devices are typically used to
only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the remove salts and other impurities from drinking water at the
point of use. They are usually operated at tap water line
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- pressure, with water containing up to several hundred milli-
grams per litre of total dissolved solids. This test method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. permits measurement of the performance of home reverse
osmosis devices using a standard set of conditions and is
2. Referenced Documents
intended for short-term testing (less than 24 h). This test
2.1 ASTM Standards: method can be used to determine changes that may have
D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion in Water occurred in the operating characteristics of home reverse
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Re- osmosisdevicesduringuse,butitisnotintendedtobeusedfor
sistivity of Water systemdesign.Thistestmethoddoesnotnecessarilydetermine
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water the device’s performance when solutes other than sodium
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water chloride are present. Use Practice D4516 and Test Methods
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water D4194 to standardize actual field data to a standard set of
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of conditions.
Applicable Methods of Committee D19 on Water 5.2 This test method is applicable for spiral-wound devices.
D4194 Test Methods for Operating Characteristics of Re-
3 6. Apparatus
verse Osmosis Devices
D4516 Practice for Standardizing Reverse Osmosis Perfor- 6.1 Theapparatusforthetestmethodisdescribedschemati-
cally in Fig. 1.Aconductivity meter can be used to determine
mance Data
thesaltconcentrationinaccordancewithTestMethodsD1125.
3. Terminology
6.2 Installation:
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test 6.2.1 Materials of construction shall preferably be of plastic
method, refer to Terminology D1129. For descriptions of or stainless steel (use 316 or better to minimize corrosion) for
terms relating to reverse osmosis, refer to Test Methods all wetted parts to prevent contamination of the feed solution
D4194. bycorrosionproducts.Donotusereactivepipingmaterialsuch
as plain carbon steel, galvanized or cadmium-plated carbon
steel, and cast iron for piping. Ensure that no contamination
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
will occur from oil films on new metal piping, release agents
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion
onrawplasticcomponents,orfeedsolutionsusedinthesystem
Exchange Materials.
previously. Whether stainless steel or plastic, all pressurized
Current edition approved April 15, 1995. Published June 1995. Originally
published as D5615–94. Last previous edition D5615–94.
components should be designed based on the manufacturer’s
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5615–95 (2001)
FIG. 1 Flow Schematic of Testing Apparatus
working pressure rating. Review the manufacturer’s rating for 6.3.2 Temperature—The permeate temperature must be
compliance with standard engineering practice. measured, and this should be accomplished close to the
6.2.2 The reverse osmosis testing apparatus is represented permeate port. The probe of calibrated dial thermometers or
schematically in Fig. 1. It consists of a feed holding tank resistance thermometers should be immersed in the flowing
equipped with a thermostated heat exchanger system to main- permeate.
tain the feed solution at the desired temperature, a centrifugal 6.3.3 Flow Meters—Calibrated flow meters are used to
pump, and a home reverse osmosis device. The feed tank is at measure the concentrate and permeate flows.Alternatively, the
ahigherlevelthanthepumptokeepthepumpsuctionflooded. flows can be measured volumetrically using a calibrated
Use a valve with minimum flow restriction to prevent exces- graduated cylinder and a stopwatch.
sive pressure drop (for example, a ball valve or plug valve) for 6.3.4 pH Meter.
a shut-off valve. The filter can be either a strainer (100 mesh) 6.3.5 Temperature-Compensated Conductivity/Resistivity
or a 25-µm filter (based on the supplier’s recommendation). Meter.
The pressure control valve is a back pressure regulator but can 6.4 Operation—Operate the apparatus by drawing the feed
be substituted with a manually operated needle valve. The solutionfromthetankandpumpingonepartofitdirectlyback
concentrateflowiscontrolledwithaneedlevalveoracapillary tothetankbymeansofthepressurecontrolvalveandtheother
tube. The high-pressure shutoff should have a cutoff point at a partthroughthereverseosmosisdeviceunderpressure.Return
gage pressure of approximately 690 kPa (100 psi) or lower if boththepermeatestreamandtheconcentratestreamtothefeed
any part of the pressurized system cannot withstand this tank so that its volume and solute concentration remain
pressure. The testing apparatus shall be cleaned thoroughly constant. Direct the return flows in the feed tank to provide
beforeusetoremovecontaminants,includingmicroorganisms. adequate mixing. Use the heat exchanger coils in the feed tank
6.3 Instrumentation: to increase the feed to the specified operating temperature and
6.3.1 See Fig. 1 for pressure tap locations. Locate these as thereafter to remove the energy load generated by the pump.
close as possible to the reverse osmosis device. Use a cali-
7. Reagents
brated transducer or a single gage equipped with a high-
pressure “quick connect” or Taylor plug gage fitting for 7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
measuring individual pressures and the device pressure drop used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
(DP). Individual gages are also satisfactory but are not as all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
reliable as a quick-connect test gage or a special DP gage. Analytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society where
D5615–95 (2001)
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, 8.2.1.3 Concentrate flow rate,
...

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Sections  
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18 to 26  
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4.1 In most natural waters selenium concentrations seldom exceed 10 μg/L. However, the runoff from certain types of seleniferous soils at various times of the year can produce concentrations as high as several hundred micrograms per litre. Additionally, industrial contamination can be a significant source of selenium in rivers and streams.  
4.2 High concentrations of selenium in drinking water have been suspected of being toxic to animal life. Selenium is a priority pollutant and all public water agencies are required to monitor its concentration.  
4.3 These test methods determine the dominant species of selenium reportedly found in most natural and wastewaters, including selenities, selenates, and organo-selenium compounds.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of dissolved and total recoverable selenium in most waters and wastewaters. Both test methods utilize atomic absorption procedures, as follows:    
Sections  
Test Method A—Gaseous Hydride AAS2, 3  
7 – 16  
Test Method B—Graphite Furnace AAS  
17 – 26  
1.2 These test methods are applicable to both inorganic and organic forms of dissolved selenium. They are applicable also to particulate forms of the element, provided that they are solubilized in the appropriate acid digestion step. However, certain selenium-containing heavy metallic sediments may not undergo digestion.  
1.3 These test methods are most applicable within the following ranges:    
Test Method A—Gaseous Hydride AAS2, 3  
1 μg/L to 20 μg/L  
Test Method B—Graphite Furnace AAS  
2 μg/L to 100 μg/L
These ranges may be extended (with a corresponding loss in precision) by decreasing the sample size or diluting the original sample, but concentrations much greater than the upper limits are more conveniently determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 11.12 and 13.14.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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