ASTM B820-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Bend Test for Determining the Formability of Copper and Copper Alloy Strip
Standard Test Method for Bend Test for Determining the Formability of Copper and Copper Alloy Strip
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This bend test provides information as to the formability or the ability of copper and copper alloy strip to resist cracking when being formed.
5.2 This test method can be used as a quality control tool to determine if material will form to a given radius.
5.3 This test method is also useful in research and development to provide data for use in selecting a spring material that will safely form to the geometry of a given part.
5.4 The results are suitable for direct application in design and manufacturing, only when all factors such as the geometry of the part, punch and die design, lubrication, stamping speed, and other material properties are known.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the technique of bend testing copper and copper alloy strip samples to determine product formability or the ability to resist cracking when forming a bend around a specific radius. The criterion for failure is the occurrence of cracks on the outer (convex) radius of curvature.
1.2 This bend test is limited to strip from 0.003 to and including 0.031 in. (0.076 to and including 0.79 mm) thick.
1.3 The forming or punch radius for the bend test is to be determined by agreement between the producer and the customer.
1.4 Units—Values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B820 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Bend Test for Determining the Formability of Copper and
1
Copper Alloy Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B820; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E290Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-
ity
1.1 Thistestmethoddescribesthetechniqueofbendtesting
copper and copper alloy strip samples to determine product
3. Terminology
formability or the ability to resist cracking when forming a
3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper
bend around a specific radius. The criterion for failure is the
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
occurrenceofcracksontheouter(convex)radiusofcurvature.
3.2 For definitions of terms related to mechanical testing,
1.2 This bend test is limited to strip from 0.003 to and
refer to Terminology E6.
including 0.031 in. (0.076 to and including 0.79 mm) thick.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 The forming or punch radius for the bend test is to be
3.3.1 bend, longitudinal (or good way bend)—a bend with
determined by agreement between the producer and the cus-
an axis perpendicular to the direction of rolling, drawing, or
tomer.
extrusion (see Fig. 1).
1.4 Units—Values stated in inch-pound units are to be
3.3.2 bend, transverse (or bad way bend)—a bend with an
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
axis on a plane parallel to the direction of rolling, drawing, or
mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for
extrusion (see Fig. 1).
information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the NOTE 1—The usage of these two terms is consistent withTest Methods
E290.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4.1 The bend test is made by applying a force transversely
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- to the length of the specimen in the portion being bent, usually
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- at mid-length. The 90° bending forces are applied through an
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the arrangementillustratedinFig.2,while180°bendingforcesare
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- applied through an arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3. When
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical complete fracture does not occur, the convex surface of the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. specimen is examined for cracks. In general, the test using a
180° bend angle is a more severe test than the test using a 90°
2. Referenced Documents
bend angle.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
B846Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting 5.1 Thisbendtestprovidesinformationastotheformability
ortheabilityofcopperandcopperalloystriptoresistcracking
when being formed.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copper
5.2 This test method can be used as a quality control tool to
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 on
determine if material will form to a given radius.
Methods of Test.
Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originally
5.3 This test method is also useful in research and develop-
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B820–14a. DOI:
ment to provide data for use in selecting a spring material that
10.1520/B0820-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or will safely form to the geometry of a given part.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.4 The results are suitable for direct application in design
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. and manufacturing, only when all factors such as the geometry
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B820 − 18
6.3 The length of all pins, rolls, mandrels, and radius flats
must
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B820 − 14a B820 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Bend Test for Determining the Formability of Copper and
1
Copper Alloy Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B820; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method describes the technique of bend testing copper and copper alloy strip samples to determine product
formability or the ability to resist cracking when forming a bend around a specific radius. The criterion for failure is the occurrence
of cracks on the outer (convex) radius of curvature (convex).curvature.
1.2 This bend test is limited to strip from 0.003 to and including 0.031 in. thick (0.076 to and including 0.79 mm).mm) thick.
1.3 The size of the forming radii used in this test shall be 0.005 to and including 0.250 in. (0.127 to and including 6.35
mm).forming or punch radius for the bend test is to be determined by agreement between the producer and the customer.
1.4 Units—Values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
B950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
3.2 For definitions of terms related to mechanical testing, refer to Terminology E6.
3.3 DescriptionDefinitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3.1 bend, longitudinal (or good way bend)—a bend with an axis perpendicular to the direction of rolling, drawing, or extrusion
(see Fig. 1).
3.3.2 bend, transverse (or bad way bend)—a bend with an axis on a plane parallel to the direction of rolling, drawing, or
extrusion (see Fig. 1).
NOTE 1—The usage of these two terms is consistent with Test Methods E290.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 on Methods
of Test.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014March 1, 2018. Published September 2014March 2018. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
B820 – 14.B820 – 14a. DOI: 10.1520/B0820-14A.10.1520/B0820-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B820 − 18
FIG. 1 Direction of Bending
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The bend test is made by applying a force transversely to the length of the specimen in the portion being bent, usually at
mid-length. The 90° bending forces are applied through an arrangement illustrated in Fig. 2, while 180° bending forces are applied
through an arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3. When complete fracture does not occur, the convex surface of the specimen is
examined for cracks. In general, the test using a 180° bend angle is a more severe test than the test using a 90° bend angle.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This bend test provides information as to the formability or the ability of copper and copper
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B820 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Bend Test for Determining the Formability of Copper and
1
Copper Alloy Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B820; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-
ity
1.1 This test method describes the technique of bend testing
copper and copper alloy strip samples to determine product
3. Terminology
formability or the ability to resist cracking when forming a
3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper
bend around a specific radius. The criterion for failure is the
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
occurrence of cracks on the outer (convex) radius of curvature.
3.2 For definitions of terms related to mechanical testing,
1.2 This bend test is limited to strip from 0.003 to and
refer to Terminology E6.
including 0.031 in. (0.076 to and including 0.79 mm) thick.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 The forming or punch radius for the bend test is to be
3.3.1 bend, longitudinal (or good way bend)—a bend with
determined by agreement between the producer and the cus-
an axis perpendicular to the direction of rolling, drawing, or
tomer.
extrusion (see Fig. 1).
1.4 Units—Values stated in inch-pound units are to be
3.3.2 bend, transverse (or bad way bend)—a bend with an
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
axis on a plane parallel to the direction of rolling, drawing, or
mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for
extrusion (see Fig. 1).
information only and are not considered standard.
NOTE 1—The usage of these two terms is consistent with Test Methods
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E290.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4.1 The bend test is made by applying a force transversely
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- to the length of the specimen in the portion being bent, usually
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- at mid-length. The 90° bending forces are applied through an
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 2, while 180° bending forces are
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- applied through an arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3. When
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical complete fracture does not occur, the convex surface of the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. specimen is examined for cracks. In general, the test using a
180° bend angle is a more severe test than the test using a 90°
2. Referenced Documents
bend angle.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
5.1 This bend test provides information as to the formability
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
or the ability of copper and copper alloy strip to resist cracking
when being formed.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper
5.2 This test method can be used as a quality control tool to
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.06 on
determine if material will form to a given radius.
Methods of Test.
Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originally
5.3 This test method is also useful in research and develop-
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B820 – 14a. DOI:
ment to provide data for use in selecting a spring material that
10.1520/B0820-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or will safely form to the geometry of a given part.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.4 The results are suitable for direct application in design
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. and manufacturing, only when all factors such as the geometry
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B820 − 18
6.3 The length of all pins, rolls, mandrels, and radius flats
must exceed the width of the specimen; they must be strong
enough and sufficiently rigid to resis
...
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