ASTM D5414-95

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the ability of stretch-wrap films to survive horizontal impacts in a laboratory simulation.  
1.2 The test levels may be varied to represent the mode of shipping and handling used for the unit load under test.  
1.3 The methodology of performing the controlled horizontal impacts is described in detail in Methods D4003. This test method will describe only sample preparation and evaluation in the special case of evaluating the performance of film for load unitizing.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jul-1995
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: D10.25 - Palletizing and Unitizing of Loads

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5414-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5414 – 95
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load
1
Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5414; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope programmed shock inputs that represent the hazards as they
occur in the shipping and handling environment. The environ-
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the
mental hazards may include rail switching impacts, pallet
ability of stretch-wrap films to survive horizontal impacts in a
marshalling impacts, etc.
laboratory simulation.
1.2 The test levels may be varied to represent the mode of
5. Significance and Use
shipping and handling used for the unit load under test.
5.1 This test method is intended to be used mainly as a
1.3 The methodology of performing the controlled horizon-
means of comparing the performance of unitizing films. It can
tal impacts is described in detail in Methods D 4003. This test
also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrap
method will describe only sample preparation and evaluation in
cycles with the same wrapping materials. No direct correlation
the special case of evaluating the performance of film for load
between these tests results and actual field performance has
unitizing.
been established.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 This test method simulates the horizontal impact ele-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ments of the distribution environment. Horizontal impacts are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
encountered in rail car switching and pallet marshalling pro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
cedures, both in the warehouse and during the loading and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
unloading of transport vehicles.
2. Referenced Documents
5.3 This test method leaves open to the discretion of the user
the establishment of test levels and the number of impacts
2.1 ASTM Standards:
constituting the test so that one might tailor the test to simulate
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
2
one’s particular distribution environment. The section entitled
ments
“Element H—Simulated Rail Switching” in Practice D 4169
D 4003 Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact
2
may provide some guidance in this regard.
Test for Shipping Containers and Systems
D 4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
6. Apparatus
2
tainers and Systems
6.1 Load Wrapping Apparatus—A machine or apparatus to
3. Terminology
wrap the test load. The method of wrap application is prefer-
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for packaging and dis- ably as near as possible to that used in an actual production
tribution environments are found in Terminology D 996. situation (stretch wrapper or manual wrapping unit).
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 6.2 Horizontal Impact Test Machine—Refer to Methods
3.2.1 backload—a duplicate specimen similar to the test D 4003, paragraph 5.1 and following subparagraphs, for a
package or weights to simulate the other lading in the transport complete description.
vehicle. 6.3 Instrumentation—Refer to Methods D 4003, paragraph
3.2.2 shock pulse programmer—a device used to control the 5.3 and following subparagraphs, for a complete description.
parameters of the acceleration versus time-shock pulse gener-
7. Procedure
ated by a shock test impact machine.
7.1 Procedure A—Normal Test Mode:
4. Summary of Test Method
7.1.1 Prepare the test load. Arrange the units comprising the
4.1 The horizontal impacts used in this test method are
test load in layers and stack them on the pallet or slip sheet in
the normal manner.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-10 on 7.1.2 Wrap the test load with the unitizing film at a
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing
predetermined percent stretch and wrap cycle.
and Unitizing of Loads.
7.1.3 Allow the wrapped load to stand undisturbed for a
Current edition approved July 15, 1995. Published September 1995. Originally
minimum of 16 h before testing. This gives the stress retention
published as D 5414 – 93. Last previous edition D 5414 – 93.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09. forces in the stretched wrapping material time to equilibrate.
1

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