ASTM D6023-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, Cement Content, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, Cement Content, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides the user with a procedure to calculate the density of freshly mixed CLSM for determination of compliance with specifications, for determining mass/volume relationships or conversions such as those found in purchase agreements, and also for quality control purposes.
5.2 This test method is intended to assist the user for quality control purposes and when specified to determine compliance for air content, yield, and cement content of freshly mixed CLSM.
5.3 This test method is not meant to predict the air content of hardened CLSM, which may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method.
5.4 This test is one of a series of quality control tests that can be performed on CLSM during construction to monitor compliance with specification requirements. The other tests that can be used during construction control are Test Methods D4832, D6024/D6024M, and D6103.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/ and the like. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluation some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method explains determination of the density (Note 1) of freshly mixed Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM) and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and the air content of the CLSM. This test method is based on Test Method C138/C138M for Concrete.
Note 1: Unit Weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.2.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
1.3.1 The converted inch-pound units use the gravitational system of units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The converted slug is not given, unless dynamic (F=ma) calculations are involved.
1.3.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate system of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. As stated, this standard includes the gravitational system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug unit for mass. However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) or recording density in lbm/ft3 shall not be regarde...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6023 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Density (Unit Weight), Yield, Cement Content, and Air
Content (Gravimetric) of Controlled Low-Strength Material
1
(CLSM)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.3.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction
profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit
1.1 This test method explains determination of the density
of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two
(Note 1) of freshly mixed Controlled Low-Strength Material
separate system of units; that is, the absolute system and the
(CLSM) and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement
gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine
content, and the air content of the CLSM. This test method is
the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single
based on Test Method C138/C138M for Concrete.
standard. As stated, this standard includes the gravitational
NOTE 1—Unit Weight was the previous terminology used to describe
system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug
the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit
unit for mass. However, the use of balances or scales recording
volume.
3
pounds of mass (lbm) or recording density in lbm/ft shall not
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
1.4 CLSM is also known as flowable fill, controlled density
Practice D6026.
fill, soil-cement slurry, soil-cement grout, unshrinkable fill,
1.2.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
“K-Krete,” and other similar names.
recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
2
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
of these test methods to consider significant digits used in
2. Referenced Documents
analysis methods for engineering data.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
and Voids in Aggregate
conversions to inch-pound units, which are provided for
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of
gregates
test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as
C128 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
nonconformance with this test method.
and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
1.3.1 The converted inch-pound units use the gravitational
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (UnitWeight),Yield,
systemofunits.Inthissystem,thepound(lbf)representsaunit
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
converted slug is not given, unless dynamic (F=ma) calcula-
C231/C231M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
tions are involved.
1 2
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization With Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
Admixtures. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published December 2016. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6023 – 15. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6023 − 15 D6023 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Density (Unit Weight), Yield, Cement Content, and Air
Content (Gravimetric) of Controlled Low-Strength Material
1
(CLSM)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method explains determination of the density (Note 1) of freshly mixed Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM)
and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and the air content of the CLSM. This test method is based on Test
Method C138/C138M for Concrete.
NOTE 1—Unit Weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.2.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
to inch-pound units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units
other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
1.3.1 The converted inch-pound units use the gravitational system of units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of
force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The converted slug is not given, unless dynamic (F=ma) calculations are involved.
1.3.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of
mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate system of units; that is, the absolute system and the
gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single
standard. As stated, this standard includes the gravitational system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug unit for
3
mass. However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) or recording density in lbm/ft shall not be regarded
as nonconformance with this standard.
1.4 CLSM is also known as flowable fill, controlled density fill, soil-cement slurry, soil-cement grout, unshrinkable fill,
“K-Krete,” and other similar names.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in Aggregate
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization With
Admixtures.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2015Dec. 1, 2016. Published December 2015December 2016. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20072015
as D6023 – 07.D6023 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D6023-15.10.1520/D6023-16.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of
...
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