ASTM F1182-07(2013)

Standard Specification for Anodes, Sacrificial Zinc Alloy

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for sacrificial anodes of zinc alloy in the form of slabs, plates, discs, and rods for corrosion protection (cathodic protection) of metals and alloys. These anodes are primarily intended to reduce corrosion of surface ship and submarine hulls, steel and aluminum equipment and structures, sea chests, sonar domes, and the seawater side of condensers and other heat exchangers. The anodes are available either as cast-in cores (Class 1) or plain with no cores (Class 2). Class 1 anodes shall be of the following types: Type ZHS—hull slabs with steel straps; Type ZHB—hull slabs with brass straps; Type ZHC—hull slabs with core straps; Type ZSS—submarine slabs with steel straps; Type ZTS—teardrop shapes with steel straps; Type ZEP—heat exchanger or fair water discs (pipe core or pipe bushing core) that are in the form of square slabs (Style A), circular slabs (Style B), and semicircular slabs (Style C); Type ZBP—bars with pipe cores; and Type ZDM—segmented discs with machine formed interlocking cores. Conversely, Class 2 anodes shall be of the following types: Type ZRN—extruded, drawn or rolled rods; and Type ZPN—rolled plates. Anodes shall conform to material and manufacture, chemical composition, mechanical property, and dimensional requirements specified uniquely for each type.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for zinc anodes in the form of slabs, plates, discs, and rods for corrosion protection (cathodic protection) of metals and alloys.  
1.2 The anodes are primarily intended to reduce corrosion of surface ship and submarine hulls, steel and aluminum equipment and structures, sea chests, sonar domes, and the seawater side of condensers and other heat exchangers.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for information purposes only and may be approximate.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2013
• ICS: 77.150.60 - Lead, zinc and tin products
• Technical Committee: F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
• Drafting Committee: F25.07 - General Requirements

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F1182-07 - Standard Specification for Anodes, Sacrificial Zinc Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F1182 −07 (Reapproved 2013) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Anodes, Sacrificial Zinc Alloy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1182; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129Marking for Shipment and Storage
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for zinc
MIL-STD-1186 Cushioning,Anchoring,Bracing,Blocking,
anodesintheformofslabs,plates,discs,androdsforcorrosion
and Waterproofing; With Appropriate Test Methods
protection (cathodic protection) of metals and alloys.
2.4 Military Specification:
1.2 The anodes are primarily intended to reduce corrosion
MIL-P-15011 Pallets Material Handling, Wood Post
of surface ship and submarine hulls, steel and aluminum
Construction, 4-Way Entry
equipment and structures, sea chests, sonar domes, and the
2.5 Federal Specifications:
seawater side of condensers and other heat exchangers.
PPP-B-601Boxes, Wood, Cleated Plywood
1.3 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
PPP-B-621Boxes, Wood, Nailed and Lock-Corner
asstandard.Themetric(SI)units,giveninparentheses,arefor
PPP-B-636Boxes, Shipping, Fiberboard
information purposes only and may be approximate.
2.6 American National Standards Institute Standards:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
ANSI/ASME B1.20.1PipeThreads, General Purpose (Inch)
concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
ANSI/ASQ Z1.4Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
spection by Attributes
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use.
3. Classification
3.1 The anodes shall be of the following classes and types,
2. Referenced Documents
as specified (see 4.1.2):
2.1 Order of Precedence—Intheeventofaconflictbetween
3.1.1 Class 1—Cast-in cores:
thetextofthisspecificationandthereferencescitedherein,the
3.1.1.1 Type ZHS—Zinc,hullslab,steelstraps,23and42-lb
text of this specification shall take precedence.
(10 and 19-kg) sizes.
3.1.1.2 Type ZHB—Zinc, hull slab, brass straps, 23-lb (10-
2.2 ASTM Standards:
kg) size.
A36/A36MSpecification for Carbon Structural Steel
3.1.1.3 Type ZHC—Zinc, hull slab, core strap, 23 and 42-lb
B21/B21MSpecification for Naval Brass Rod, Bar, and
(10 and 19-kg) sizes.
Shapes
3.1.1.4 Type ZSS—Zinc, submarine slab, steel strap, 12 and
B103/B103M Specification for Phosphor Bronze Plate,
24-lb (5 and 11-kg) sizes.
Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar
3.1.1.5 Type ZTS—Zinc, teardrop shape, steel strap, 5-lb
D3951Practice for Commercial Packaging
(2-kg) size.
E290Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-
3.1.1.6 Type ZEP—Zinc, heat exchanger or fair water disc,
ity
(pipe core or pipe bushing core):
E536Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Zinc and Zinc
Style A square slab, 9-lb (4-kg) size
Alloys
Style B circular slab, various sizes
Style C semicircular slab, 23-lb (10-kg) size
3.1.1.7 Type ZBP—Zinc, bar, pipe core, 8-lb (4-kg) size.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F25 on Ships
3.1.1.8 Type ZDM—Zinc, segmented disc, machine formed
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
General Requirements. interlocking core, various sizes.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally
3.1.2 Class 2—Plain, no cores;
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1182–07. DOI:
10.1520/F1182-07R13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1182−07 (2013)
3.1.2.1 Type ZRN—Zinc, rod, no core, extruded, drawn or
B brass straps
S steel straps
rolled.
C core strap
3.1.2.2 Type ZPN—Zinc, plate, no core, rolled.
P pipe core
M machine formed interlocking core
3.2 The letter designations of types of anodes have the
N no core
following meanings:
3.2.1 The first letter designates anode metal:
4. Ordering Information
Z zinc
4.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
3.2.2 The second letter designates the shape or general use:
the following information:
H hull slab
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
S submarine slab
4.1.2 Class and type (see 3.1),
T teardrop shape
E heat exchanger slab
4.1.3 StyleofTypeZEP,ifrequired(see3.1.1.6andFig.1),
R rod, cylindrical
4.1.4 Diameter of Type ZEP, Style B, if required (see Fig.
P plate
1),
B bar, square
D disc, segmented
4.1.5 For Type ZDM, whether straight or tapered thread
3.2.3 The third letter designates the core: support plug head is required (see section 5.1.4.2,)
FIG. 1ZEP Heat Exchanger Slab
F1182−07 (2013)
4.1.6 Diameter of Type ZDM, if required (see Fig. 2), 5. Materials and Manufacture
4.1.7 Length, width, and thickness ofType ZHS, if required
5.1 Materials:
(see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4),
5.1.1 Types ZHS, ZHC, ZSS, and ZTS anodes shall have
4.1.8 Whether Type ZHC is for surface ship or submarine
steel strap cores in accordance with Specification A36/A36M.
usage, if required (see Figs. 5-8),
The steel shall be coated with zinc, either by the hot-dip or
4.1.9 Pipe or bolt diameter of Type ZRN, if required (see
electrodeposition method, to a minimum of 0.0005 in. (0.013
Fig. 9),
mm).
4.1.10 Thickness of Type ZPN, if required (see 9.2.1),
5.1.2 Type ZHB anodes shall have brass strap cores in
4.1.11 Quantity required (see 4.2),
accordance with alloy 482 of Specification B21/B21M or
4.1.12 Qualityassurancecertification,ifrequired(see15.1),
phosphor bronze straps in accordance with C51000 of Speci-
and
fication B103/B103M. The brass or bronze straps shall be
4.1.13 Optional requirements, if any (see S1 through S3).
coated with zinc to a minimum thickness of 0.0005 in. (0.013
4.2 Theorderforanodesshouldspecifytheexactnumberof
mm). Lack of adhesion of the zinc coating at bend or absence
anodes required (see 4.1.11).Acquisition of anodes by weight
of zinc coating at cut edges will not be cause for rejection of
is not practical and is not recommended.
fabricated anodes. Cracks in the base metal shall be cause for
rejection.
4.3 When material is ordered in the form of slabs, bars,
discs, or rods, these terms refer merely to the general form and 5.1.2.1 The maximum copper content in the zinc, as speci-
dimensions of the material and do not have any technical fied in Table 1, may be increased to 0.020% for Type ZHB
significance as to the methods of manufacture. anodes.
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
FIG. 2Zinc, Segmented Disc, Machine-Formed Interlocking Core, Type ZDM
F1182−07 (2013)
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with strap in the up or down position.All
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with strap in the up or down position.All
dimensions (inches) refer to the wider and longer edges of the anode.
dimensions (inches) refer to the wider and longer edges of the anodes.
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8in.
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8in.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 41 lb (18.6 kg).
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 21.5 lb (9.7 kg).
FIG. 4Zinc Hull Slab (Steel Straps), Type ZHS-42
FIG. 3Zinc Hull Slab (Steel Straps), Type ZHS-23; Zinc Hull Slab
(Brass Straps), Type ZHB
5.1.3 Types ZEP and ZBP anodes shall have core inserts
Fig. 11, which may be measured from either surface of the
made from zinc coated steel pipe or pipe couplings. The
anode as applicable, except Fig. 11 (bottom), which shall be
minimumthicknessofthecoatingshallbeasspecifiedin5.1.1.
3 1 1
embedded ⁄8,+ ⁄8,or− ⁄16in. (10, +3, or −2 mm).
5.1.4 Type ZDM anodes shall have machine formed inter-
5.2.2.1 TypeZHCanodesdesignatedasshownonFig.6and
locking cores in accordance with commercial grade mild or
Fig. 8 and are intended for use with rubber washers for
leaded steel. The cores shall be flash coated with zinc, tin, or
submarine application. The countersink for the rubber washer
aluminum before assembly within the anodes.
may be cast or machined. The anode shall be manufactured so
5.1.4.1 This core insert consists of an integral piece having
thatthecountersinkiscenteredonthecoreholeandtherubber
a threaded male stud at one end and a tapped hole at the other
washer fits snugly between the hull and anode core to prevent
end. Provision has been made to achieve self-locking charac-
anode movement or vibration.
teristics to interlocking threaded assemblies of multiple seg-
5.2.2.2 Type ZSS, ZHS, ZHB, and ZTS anodes may be
mented anode discs by interference fit of bottom male threads
mounted by welding or by fasteners. Those intended to be
into a taper tapped hole.
attached by fasteners shall indicate the requirements for
5.2 Manufacture: mounting holes in the strap. The mounting hole shall be
5.2.1 All anodes covered under this specification shall be counterbored on the structure side of the strap.
manufacturedbyanyprocesssuitabletothecontractingagency 5.2.3 The pipe core inserts for Type ZEP anodes shall
provided they meet the mechanical properties and other re- conform to 5.1.3. The position of the pipe core insert shall not
quirements of this specification. vary more than 6 ⁄8in. (3 mm) from the center as shown on
5.2.2 For Types ZHS, ZHB, ZHC, ZSS, and ZTS anodes, Fig. 1.
open or closed molds may be used. Cores and straps shall be 5.2.4 The position of the pipe core insert for Type ZBP
1 1 1 1
positioned so that they are embedded ⁄4,+ ⁄8,or− ⁄16in. (6, anodes specified in 5.1.3 shall not vary more than 6 ⁄4in. (6
+3, or −2 mm) as shown on Figs. 3-5, Fig. 7, and Fig. 10 and mm) from the center as shown on Fig. 12.
F1182−07 (2013)
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with exposed face in the up or down
position. All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8in.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 21.5 lb (9.7 kg).
FIG. 5Zinc Hull Slab (Core Strap), Type ZHC-23
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with exposed face in the up or down
position. All dimensions are in inches.
5.2.5 Metallic bonding or an interference fit of the core into 1
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8in.
Type ZDM anode (see Fig. 2) shall be required so that an axial
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
force applied from the stud end to remove the core insert is a
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 21.5 lb (9.7 kg).
FIG. 6Zinc Hull Slab (Core Strap), Type ZHC-23, Submarine Ap-
minimum of 750 lb (340 kg) (see 13.1.3).
plication
5.2.6 The machine formed core insert specified in 5.1.4
shall be manufactured in accordance with details and toler-
ances shown for Piece 2 on Fig. 1 and ANSI/ASME B1.20.1.
5.2.6.1 ThepiecesshownonFig.1shallscrewtogethervery a sound metallurgical bond between the zinc and core for at
snugly by hand tightening or by using simple hand tools such
least30%ofthetotalsurfaceareaofeachcoreincontactwith
as pliers or pipe wrenches. the anode.
8.2 During the manufacturing process, certain toxic com-
6. Chemical Composition
pounds (such as zinc phosphide) may become by-products.
6.1 The anodes shall conform to the composition specified
Caution should be taken in disposal of process wastewater to
in Table 1. Total of elemental constituents not specified in
ensurethatthecompositionofthewatermeetswithlocal,state,
Table 1 shall not exceed 0.10%. Metallic elements not
and federal regulations.
specified in Table 1 are considered contaminants.
9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
7. Mechanical Properties
9.1 Types ZHS, ZHB, ZHC, ZTS, ZSS, ZEP, ZBP, ZDM,
7.1 When tested in accordance with 13.2, Types ZRN rods and ZRN anodes shall be in accordance with the dimensions
and ZPN plates shall not fracture or show signs of cracking. shown in Figs. 1-11, inclusive.
7.2 When tested in accordance with 13.2.1, ZRN anodes 9.2 Type ZPN anode shall be 48 in. (1220 mm) in length by
shall have a minimum torsional shear strength of 12000 psi 24 in. (610 cm) in width.
(83 MPa). 9.2.1 Thethicknessshallbeeither ⁄2or1in.(13or25mm)
as specified (see 4.1.10).
8. Other Requirements
9.3 TypesZSS-12,ZSS-24,ZHC-23,ZHC-42,ZHS-23,and
8.1 When tested in accordance with 13.1.1 or 13.1.2, Types ZHS-42 shall have the following minimum weight require-
ZHS,ZHB,ZHC,ZSS,ZTS,ZEP,andZBPanodesshallobtain ments:
F1182−07 (2013)
NOTE 1—Anode may be cast with exposed face in the up or down position. All dimensions are in inches.
NOTE 2—Tolerance 6 ⁄8in.
NOTE 3—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
NOTE 4—Minimum weight 39 lb (17.7 kg).
FIG. 7Zinc Hull Slab (Core Strap), Type ZHC-42
9.9 The thickness of Types ZHS, ZHB, ZHC, ZTS, ZPN,
Anode Weight, min, lb (kg)
ZSS,ZEP,andZBPanodesshallnotvarymorethan 6 ⁄8in.(3
ZSS-12 11.0 (5)
mm). Thickness measurements shall be taken at random 1 in.
ZSS-24, ZHC-23, ZHS-23 21.5 (10)
(25 mm) from any edge of the anode by means of a suitable
ZHC-42 39.0 (18)
ZHS-42 41.0 (19)
caliper avoiding any surface irregularities which would inter-
9.3.1 The total weight of the specified type of anode fere with a representative measurement.
received divided by the total number of anodes of that type
9.10 ThethicknessofTypeZDNanodesshallnotvarymore
shall be equal to or greater than the minimum weight (11.0,
than 6 ⁄64in. (0.4 mm).
21.5, 39.0, 41.0 lb (5, 10, 18, 19 kg)) of the anode type
9.10.1 The cores of Type ZDM anodes shall be positioned
specified.Iftheweightislessthantheminimumweightforthe
axially and concentrically in the zinc disc. Eccentricity greater
type of anode specified, it shall be cause for rejection of the
than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) will not be permitted.
entire lot.
9.4 The length and width of Types ZHS, ZHB, ZHC, ZTS,
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
ZPN,ZSS,andZBPanodesshallnotvarymorethan 6 ⁄8in.(3
10.1 The zinc anodes shall be free of flash burrs, cracks,
mm), measured at the widest surface of the tapered (for mold
blow holes, pipes, and surface slag consistent with good
release) anode.
commercial practice.
9.5 The length of Type ZRN anodes will be permitted to
10.1.1 For anodes less than 2 in. (50 mm) thick, when
have a variation of 61 in. (25 mm) based on nominal lengths
measured with a straightedge
...