ASTM B86-98e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die Castings
Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die Castings
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc and zinc-aluminum castings, as designated and specified in . Seven alloy compositions are specified and designated as follows: UNS ASTMACOMMON Z33520AG 40AB Alloy 3Z33523AG 40B Alloy 7Z35531AC 41AB Alloy 5Z35541AC 43A Alloy 2Z35636ZA-8Z35631ZA-12Z35841ZA-27ASee Table 1 , Footnote B
BSAE Specification, Nos. 903 and 925 conform to the requirements for alloys AG40A and AC41A, respectively.
1.2 Zinc Alloys Z33520, Z33523, Z35531, and Z35541 are used primarily in the manufacture of pressure die castings. Zinc-Aluminum Alloys Z35636, Z35631, and Z35841 are used in the manufacture of both foundry and pressure die castings.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Data Sheet for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B 86 – 98
Standard Specification for
Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die
Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 86; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—The caveat in section 1.4 and section 3. Terminology were added editorially in December 2000. In Table X2.1 the
value for specific heat for alloy 7 and the value for solidification shrinkage for alloy 2 were corrected editorially in December
2000.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc and zinc- 2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
aluminum castings, as designated and specified in Table 1. of order acceptance form a part of this specification to the
Seven alloy compositions are specified and designated as extent referenced herein:
follows: 2.2 ASTM Standards:
A
B 240 Specification for Zinc Alloys in Ingot Form for Die
UNS ASTM COMMON
Castings
B
Z33520 AG 40A Alloy 3
B 275 Practice for Codification of Certain Nonferrous Met-
Z33523 AG 40B Alloy 7
B
als and Alloys, Cast and Wrought
Z35531 AC 41A Alloy 5
Z35541 AC 43A Alloy 2
B 557 Test Methods of Tension Testing Wrought and Cast
Z35636 ZA-8
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
Z35631 ZA-12
Z35841 ZA-27 B 899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and
__________
Alloys
A
See Table 1, Footnote B
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
B
SAE Specification, Nos. 903 and 925 conform to the requirements for alloys
E 23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of
AG40A and AC41A, respectively.
Metallic Materials
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.2 Zinc Alloys Z33520, Z33523, Z35531, and Z35541 are
Determine Conformance with Specifications
used primarily in the manufacture of pressure die castings.
E 47 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc Die-
Zinc-Aluminum Alloys Z35636, Z35631, and Z35841 are used
Casting Alloys
in the manufacture of both foundry and pressure die castings.
E 88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
as the standard.
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E 536 Test Method for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and Zinc
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Alloys
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
E 634 Practice for Sampling of Zinc and Zinc Alloys for
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis
Material Data Sheet for this product/material as provided by
2.3 North American Die Casting Association (NADCA):
the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health
practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limi-
tations prior to use.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
1 5
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadium. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
Current edition approved April 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
published as two separate standards, B 86 - 31, last previous edition B 86 - 95 and
B 791 - 88, last previous edition B 791 - 88.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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e1
B86–98
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Z33520 Z33523 Z35531 Z35541 Z35636 Z35631 Z35841
A,B,C,D A,B,C,D A,B,C,D A,C,,D A,C,E A,C,E A,C,E
Element (AG40A) (AG40B) (AC41A) (AC43A)
Alloy 3 Alloy 7 Alloy 5 Alloy 2 ZA-8 ZA-12 ZA-27
Aluminum 3.5-4.3 3.5-4.3 3.5-4.3 3.5-4.3 8.0-8.8 10.5-11.5 25.0-28.0
F F
Magnesium 0.020-0.05 0.005-0.020 0.03-0.08 0.020-0.050 0.015-0.030 0.015-0.030 0.010-0.020
G
Copper 0.25 max 0.25 max 0.75-1.25 2.5-3.0 0.8-1.3 0.5-1.2 2.0-2.5
Iron, max 0.100 0.075 0.100 0.100 0.075 0.075 0.075
Lead, max 0.005 0.0030 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.006
Cadmium, max 0.004 0.0020 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.006 0.006
Tin, max 0.003 0.0010 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003
Nickel . . . 0.005-0.020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
H
Zinc remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder
A
For purposes of acceptance and rejection, the observed value or calculated value obtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand
place of figures, used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Practice E 29.
B
Zinc alloy castings may contain nickel, chromium, silicon, and manganese in amounts of 0.02, 0.02, 0.035, and 0.06 % respectively. No harmful effects have ever been
noted due to the presence of these elements in these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements, with the exception of nickel analysis
for Z33522.
C
ASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B 275. The UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E 527. The last digit
of a UNS number differentiates between alloys of similar composition. The UNS designations for ingot and casting versions of an alloy were not assigned in the same
sequence for all alloys.
D
When this material is required to conform to ISO Standard H5301, the chemical limits for thallium and indium each shall not exceed 0.001 %.
E
Zinc-aluminum ingot for foundry and pressure die casting may contain chrome, manganese, or nickel in amounts of up to 0.01 % each or 0.03 % total. No harmful
effects have ever been noted due to the presence of these elements in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements.
F
Magnesium may be as low as 0.015 % provided that the lead, cadmium, and tin do not exceed 0.003, 0.003, and 0.001 % respectively.
G
For the majority of commercial applications, a copper content in the range from 0.25 to 0.75 % will not adversely affect the serviceability of die castings and should
not serve as a basis for rejection.
H
Determined arithmetically by difference.
NADCA Product Specification Standards for Die Castings 3.2.5 semipermanent mold casting—permanent mold cast-
2.4 Federal Standard: ing which is made using an expendable core such as sand.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
4. Ordering Information
2.5 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage (Military
4.1 Orders for die castings shall include the following basic
Agencies)
information:
2.6 Military Specification:
4.1.1 This specification number and date,
MIL-P-116 Methods of Preservation
4.1.2 Quantity and delivery schedule, as required,
2.7 ISO Standard:
4.1.3 Part name and number,
H 5301
4.1.4 Alloy (Table 1), and
4.1.5 Drawing of casting, when required, giving all neces-
3. Terminology
sary dimensions and showing latest revisions and allowances
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
for matching, if any. Location of ejector pin marks or parting
B 899.
lines shall be at the option of the producer, unless specifically
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
designated on the drawing.
3.2.1 die casting—metal object produced by the introduc-
4.2 Additional tests, options, and special inspection require-
tion of molten metal under substantial pressure into a metal die
ments as provided as follows should be justified only on the
and characterized by a high degree of fidelity to the die cavity.
basis of need. These shall be specified in the contract or
Also known as a pressure die casting.
purchase order, as additional procedures and extended delivery
3.2.2 foundry casting—metal object produced by introduc-
time may be involved.
ing molten metal by gravity into a mold of any type and
4.2.1 Chemical analysis (6.1.1),
allowing it to solidify.
4.2.2 Quality assurance (Section 15),
3.2.3 permanent mold casting—metal object produced by
4.2.3 Special proof tests or mechanical properties (Section
introducing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into a
7),
mold constructed of durable material, usually iron or steel, and
4.2.4 General quality options for internal soundness or for
allowing it to solidify. When a graphite mold is used the
finish (Section 14),
process is known as graphite permanent mold casting.
4.2.5 Source inspection (Section 9),
3.2.4 sand casting—metal object produced by introducing
4.2.6 Certification (Section 11),
molten metal by gravity into a sand mold and allowing it to
4.2.7 Marking for identification (Section 12), and
solidify.
4.2.8 Special packaging (Section 13).
5. Material
Available from North American Die Casting, Assn., 2000 5th Ave., River
5.1 The metal used in the manufacture of die castings shall
Grove, IL 60171.
10 be zinc alloy of a specified chemical composition conforming
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D,
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. to the requirements of Specification B 240.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
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B86–98
6. Chemical Requirements process operating variables shall be optimized for the specific
mold or die being used.
6.1 Limits—The casting shall conform to the requirements
7.1.4 When specified in the contract or purchase order,
as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. Conform-
castings shall withstand proof tests without failure as defined
ance shall be determined by the producer by analyzing samples
by agreement between the purchaser and the producer or
taken at the time that castings are made. If the producer has
supplier.
determined the chemical composition of the metal during the
course of manufacture, he shall not be required to sample and 7.2 Appendix X2 shows typical physical properties of zinc
analyze the finished product. and zinc-aluminum (ZA) casting alloys and does not constitute
6.1.1 When a detailed chemical analysis is required with a a part of this specification but is provided for informational
purposes only.
shipment, it shall be called for in the contract or purchase order.
6.1.2 If the producer’s or supplier’s method of composition
control is acceptable, sampling for chemical composition may 8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
be waived at the discretion of the purchaser.
8.1 Permissible variations in dimensions shall be within the
6.2 Number of Samples—When required, samples for deter-
limits specified on the drawings or in the contract or purchase
mination of chemical composition shall be taken to represent
order.
the following:
8.1.1 For die castings, any dimensions for which a tolerance
6.2.1 A sample shall be taken from each of two representa-
is not specified shall be in accordance with NADCA Product
tive castings selected from each lot defined in 15.2.
Specification Standards for Die Castings.
6.3 Methods of Sampling—Samples from castings for de-
8.2 Dimensional tolerance deviations waived by the pur-
termination of chemical composition shall be taken in accor-
chaser shall be confirmed in writing to the producer or supplier.
dance with one of the following methods:
6.3.1 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the
9. Source Inspection
material by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping a
representative piece or pieces to obtain a weight of prepared
9.1 If the purchaser desires that his representative inspect or
sample not less than 100 g. Sampling shall be in accordance witness the inspection and testing of the product prior to
with Practice E 88.
shipment, such agreement shall be made by the purchaser and
6.3.2 By agreement, an appropriate spectrographic sample producer or supplier as part of the contract or purchase order.
may be prepared at the time of manufacture.
9.2 When such inspection or witness of inspection and
6.3.3 The method of sampling cast products for spectro-
testing is agreed upon, the producer or supplier shall afford the
chemical and other methods of analysis shall be suitable for the
purchaser’s representative all reasonable facilities to satisfy
form of material being analyzed and the type of analytical
him that the product meets the requirements of this specifica-
method used.
tion. Inspection and tests shall be conducted so there is no
6.4 Method of Analysis—The determination of chemical
unnecessary interference with the producer’s operations.
composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemi-
cal (Test Methods E 536 or E 47 for tin) or other test methods.
10. Rejection and Rehearing
In case of dispute, the results secured by Test Method E 536
10.1 When one or more samples, depending on the ap-
and Test Method E 47 for tin only shall be the basis of
proved sampling plan, fail to meet the requirements of this
acceptance.
specification, the represented lot is subject to rejection except
as otherwise provided in 10.2
7. Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties and Tests
10.2 Lots rejected for failure to meet the requirements of
7.1 Unless specified in the contract or purchase order, or
this specification may be resubmitted for test provided:
specified on the detail drawing, acceptance of castings under
10.2.1 The producer has removed the nonconforming mate-
this specification shall not depend on mechanical properties
rial or the producer has reworked the rejected lot as necessary
determined by tension or impact tests.
to correct the deficiencies.
7.1.1 Appendix X1 shows typical mechanical properties,
10.3 Individual castings that show injurious imperfections
determined on separately cast test bars produced under care-
during subsequent manufacturing operations may be rejected.
fully controlled conditions.
The producer or supplier shall be responsible only for replace-
7.1.2 While these typical mechanical properties of sepa-
ment of the rejected castings to the purchaser. As much of the
rately cast test bars are useful for comparing the relative
rejected original material as possible sha
...
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