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ASTM F834-84(2008)

(Specification)

Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests (Withdrawn 2016)

Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests (Withdrawn 2016)

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and test methods to ensure the safety of toy chests.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize the accidents and injuries to children resulting from normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of toy chests.
1.3 For the purposes of this consumer safety specification, these requirements apply to products known as toy chests or toy boxes that are designed and marketed as storage containers for toys. The products subject to the requirements are those with a volume of 1.1 ft3  (0.031 m3) or more.
1.4 No toy chest or toy box produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 5, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This consumer safety specification covered the performance requirements and test methods to ensure the safety of toy chests.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F15 on Consumer Products, this specification was withdrawn in August 2016 and replaced by Specification F963, Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety.1

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
14-Aug-2008
ICS
97.200.50 - Toys
Technical Committee
F15 - Consumer Products
Drafting Committee
F15.22 - Toy Safety
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F834-84(1999) - Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests
Effective Date
15-Aug-2008
Replaced By
ASTM F963-17 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
Effective Date
17-Aug-2016

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ASTM F834-84(2008) - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests (Withdrawn 2016)ASTM F834-84(2008) - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests (Withdrawn 2016)
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ASTM F834-84(2008) - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests (Withdrawn 2016)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F834 −84(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Toy Chests
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF834;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses toy chest accidents that have been identified by the
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
For the period from 1973 through 1981, the Commission documented 21 fatalities and one case of
permanent brain damage from falling toy chest lids. The pattern generally involves a toy chest lid
falling on a child while he or she is leaning into the chest. If the child’s neck is extended across the
upper edge of the front of the chest when the lid falls, the child can be caught and strangled.Additional
accidents and less serious injuries have been identified, including finger entrapment and pinching
associated with toy chest hardware and attachments.
This consumer safety specification attempts to minimize the following: (1) possible entrapment and
strangulation hazards associated with sudden lid closing or dropping; (2) possible crushing, pinching,
and laceration hazards associated with folding mechanisms, hinges, and lid supports; and (3) possible
suffocation hazards due to lack of adequate ventilation.
This consumer safety specification is written within the current state-of-the-art technology. It is
intended to update this specification whenever substantive information becomes available which
necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of existing requirements.
1. Scope standarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,
ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuser
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the perfor-
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
mance requirements and test methods to ensure the safety of
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
toy chests.
tions prior to use.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-
mize the accidents and injuries to children resulting from
2. Performance Requirements
normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of toy
chests. 2.1 Lid Support:
2.1.1 Toy chests with vertically opening hinged lids shall be
1.3 For the purposes of this consumer safety specification,
provided with lid-support mechanisms to prevent sudden
these requirements apply to products known as toy chests or
collapse or dropping of the lid.
toy boxes that are designed and marketed as storage containers
for toys. The products subject to the requirements are those 2.1.2 The lid-support mechanism shall support the lid so
3 3
with a volume of 1.1 ft (0.031 m ) or more.
that at no position in the arc of travel of the lid from within 2.0
in. (50.8 mm) of the fully closed position through an arc not to
1.4 No toy chest or toy box produced after the approval date
exceed 60° from the fully closed position shall it drop more
of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or
than 0.50 in. (12.7 mm) under the influence of its own weight,
other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless
except in the last 2.0 in. (50.8 mm) of travel. The test shall be
it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
conducted in accordance with 5.1.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
2.1.3 The toy chest lid shall comply with this requirement
test methods portion, Section 5, of this specification: This
before and after being subjected to 7000 opening and closing
cycles, as described in Section 5.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.22 on Toy
2.1.4 The lid-support mechanism shall not require adjust-
Safety.
ment by the consumer to ensure adequate lid support, nor shall
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
it require adjustment in order to comply with 2.1.2 after being
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as F834 – 84 (1999).
DOI: 10.1520/F0834-84R08. cycled according to 5.1.2.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F834−84 (2008)
2.1.5 Lid-support mechanisms shall be designed so as to of components, the resulting hazard if the lid support device is
prevent pinching, crushing, or laceration injuries to fingers. not installed, and a description of how to determine if the
Clearances or gaps produced by the action of such mechanisms support is working properly.
(betweencomponentsofthemechanismorbetweenthemecha-
nism and the toy chest lid) shall be constructed so that if the
5. Test Methods
gap admits a 0.19-in. (4.8-mm) diameter rod it will also admit
5.1 Lid Support Mechanisms:
a 0.50 in. (12.7 mm) diameter rod at all positions of the arc of
5.1.1 Assemble the toy chest in accordance with manufac-
travel of the lid. This requirement does not apply to lid-support
turer’s instructions.
mechanisms installed on the inside of the toy chest which are
5.1.2 Lift the lid to any position in its arc of travel to a
atleast12in.(305mm)fromthefrontandsideedgesofthetoy
distance greater than 2.0 in. (50.8 mm) but not to cause the lid
chest or its lid.
to move through an arc of more than 60° from the lid’s fully
2.2 Hinge-Li
...

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1  
Referenced Documents  
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Folding Mechanisms and Hinges  
4.13  
Cords, Straps, and Elastics  
4.14  
Stability and Over-load Requirements  
4.15  
Confined Spaces  
4.16  
Wheels, Tires, and Axles  
4.17  
Holes, Clearance, and Accessibility of Mechanisms  
4.18  
Simulated Protective Devices  
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X.X ± 1.27 mm (X.X ± 0.05 in.)
X.XX ± 0.127 mm (X.XX ± 0.005 in.)
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Title  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
ASTM Standards  
2.1  
ANSI Standards  
2.2  
Federal Standards  
2.3  
CPSC Documents  
2.4  
UL Standard  
2.5  
European Standard  
2.6  
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3  
Materials and Manufacture  
4  
General Requirements  
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Fasteners  
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Compliance Documentation  
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Head and Neck Entrapment  
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Access and Egress Components That Shall
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes criteria for the design of amusement rides, devices and major modifications to amusement rides and devices manufactured after the effective date of publication except as noted in 1.2.  
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1.4 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth.) to improve the user's understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory design criteria.  
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Scope  
Section 1  
Referenced Documents  
Section 2  
Terminology  
Section 3  
Significance and Use  
Section 4  
General Design Criteria  
Section 5  
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Acceleration Limits  
Section 7  
Loads and Strengths  
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Hydraulic Equipment for Amusement Ride and Devices  
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Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety

SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 relates to possible hazards that may not be recognized readily by the public and that may be encountered in the normal use for which a toy is intended or after reasonably foreseeable abuse. It does not purport to cover every conceivable hazard of a particular toy. This specification does not cover product performance or quality, except as related to safety. Except for the labeling requirements pointing out the functional hazards and age range for which the toy is intended, this specification has no requirements for those aspects of a toy that present an inherent and recognized hazard as part of the function of the toy. Such an example is a sharp point necessary for the function of a needle. The needle is an inherent hazard that is well understood by the purchaser of a toy sewing kit, and this hazard is communicated to the user as part of the normal educational process.  
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1.4 Articles not covered by this specification are as follows:
Bicycles
Tricycles
Non-Powered Scooters
(see Consumer Safety Specification F2264)
Recreational Powered Scooters and Pocket Bikes
(see Consumer Safety Specification F2641)
Sling shots and sharp-pointed darts
Playground equipment
Non-powder guns
Kites
Hobby and craft items in which the finished item is not
primarily of play value
Model kits in which the finished item is not primarily of
play value
Crayons, paints, chalks, and other similar art materials in
which the material itself or the finished item is not
primarily of play value, except that all art materials,
whether or not a component of a toy, shall comply with
LHAMA, in accordance with 4.29.1 – 4.29.3.
Sporting goods, camping goods, athletic equipment,
musical instruments, juvenile products, and furniture;
however, toys that are their counterparts are covered.
(It is recognized that there is often a fine line between,
for example, a musical instrument or a sporting item
and its toy counterpart. The intention of the producer
or distributor, as well as normal use and reasonably
foreseeable abuse, determines whether the item is a
toy counterpart.)
Powered models of aircraft, rockets, boats, and land
vehicles; however, toys that are their counterparts are
covered.
Constant air inflatables  
1.5 General guidelines for age labeling toys and toy packaging are contained in Annex A1.  
1.6 Information regarding packaging and shipping is contained in Annex A2.  
1.7 This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:    
Title  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Safety Requirements  
4  
Material Quality  
4.1  
Flammability  
4.2  
Toxicology  
4.3  
Electrical/Thermal Energy  
4.4  
Sound-producing Toys  
4.5  
Small Objects  
4.6  
Accessible Edges  
4.7  
Projections  
4.8  
Accessible Points  
4.9  
Wires or Rods  
4.10  
Nails and Fasteners  
4.11  
Plastic Film  
4.12  
Folding Mechanisms and Hinges  
4.13  
Cords, Straps, and Elastics  
4.14  
Stability and Over-load Requirements  
4.15  
Confined Spaces  
4.16  
Wheels, Tires, and Axles  
4.17  
Holes, Clearance, and Accessibility of Mechanisms  
4.18  
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ASTM
ASTM F2374-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, Operation, and Maintenance of Inflatable Amusement Devices

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this practice is to delineate information regarding the design, manufacture, installation, operation, and maintenance of inflatable amusement devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes criteria for the Design, Manufacture, Installation, Operation, Maintenance, Inspection, Training, Auditing and Major Modification of commercial use Inflatable Amusement Devices. These devices are made of flexible fabric, inflated by one or more blowers, and rely upon air pressure to maintain their shape. These devices are designed for patron activities that include, but are not limited to, bouncing, climbing, sliding, obstacle course running and interactive play.  
1.1.1 Amusement devices covered by this standard are used primarily in amusement, entertainment or recreational applications. Such applications include, but are not limited to, amusement parks, theme parks, water parks, family entertainment centers, rental companies, fitness centers, gyms, gymnastics facilities, jump centers, sports facilities, skate parks, camps, schools, shopping centers, temporary special events, carnivals, fairs, festivals and municipal parks.  
1.1.2 This practice includes land-based inflatable amusement devices that are designed for dry use, wet use, or a combination of wet/dry use.  
1.1.3 Inflatable amusement devices covered by this standard have inflation systems that:
1.1.3.1 Require air to be constantly supplied in order to maintain structure, form, shape or integrity (continuous air inflatable amusement device); or
1.1.3.2 Maintain inflation without the need for constant air supply (captured air inflatable amusement device); or
1.1.3.3 Incorporate both methods of inflation into a single device.  
1.1.4 The design and manufacturing requirements in Sections 5 and 6 of this standard shall not apply to inflatable amusement devices manufactured before the publication date of this standard practice.  
1.1.5 The modification requirements in Section 5.3 of this standard shall not apply to major modifications performed before the publication date of this standard practice.  
1.2 This practice specifically excludes the following types of inflatable devices:  
1.2.1 Inflatable devices marketed directly to consumers for private home use by children. Those devices are covered under a separate standard, Consumer Safety Specification F2729-18.  
1.2.2 Inflatable devices that are used for professional exhibition or stunt work; safety and rescue activities; aerial or aviation structures or devices; exhibit floats; or similar inflatable devices.  
1.2.3 Inflatables that do not have a floor affixed to the inflatable structure (that is, the ground is exposed inside an inflated perimeter).  
1.2.4 Inflatable devices that require a sudden loss of air to perform their intended function (for example, stunt bag style inflatable impact attenuation devices).  
1.2.5 Inflatable devices that are designed primarily as floating devices to be installed in or on bodies of water.  
1.2.6 Stand-alone captured air inflatable devices that are designed to contain the patron within the elevated pressure space; are designed to be mobile during its intended use; or contain less than 270 ft3 of air and do not include an anchoring or ballasting system. Examples include, but are not limited to: a water walking ball, a sports ball, a hamster ball, a hill-rolling ball.  
1.2.7 Constant air membranes that incorporate a permanent sub-terrain box or pit to form the bottom and sides of the pressure vessel (for example, jumping pillow devices).  
1.2.8 Air inflated devices designated to decompress or redistribute foam cubes contained in a trampoline court foam pit.  
1.3 This practice includes an annex (mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this prac...

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ASTM
ASTM F2264-14(2019)(Specification)
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Powered Scooters

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers establishment of performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements to minimize the hazards to users of scooters as identified in the introduction.  
1.2 This specification is intended to cover use of this product for children ages 5 years and older.  
1.3 No scooter produced after the approval date of this specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements herein.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F2729-18(Specification)
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Constant Air Inflatable Play Devices for Home Use

ABSTRACT
This consumer safety specification establishes performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements to promote the safe use of constant air inflatable play devices for private home use intended for children aged from 2 to 12 years. It aims to reduce the risk of death and minimize serious injury to children resulting from use of constant air inflatable play devices for home use. The marking and labelling section of this specification covers constant air inflatable play devices for home use that incorporate water play features and are intended to hold water for wading or water recreational purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements to promote the safe use of constant air inflatable play devices for private home use. Constant air inflatable play devices for home use that incorporate water play features and do not retain water are not considered as portable pools. Constant air inflatable play devices for home use that incorporate water play features and are intended to hold water for wading or water recreational purposes are applicable to the marking and labeling section of this specification. This specification does not apply to stored air inflatable swimming pools or sealed inflatable devices whether or not they retain water.  
1.2 This consumer safety specification provides safety requirements for various types of constant air inflatable play devices for home use intended for children aged from two (2) years through twelve (12) years.  
1.3 This consumer safety specification is intended to reduce the risk of death and minimize serious injury to children resulting from use of constant air inflatable play devices for home use.  
1.4 No constant air inflatable play devices for home use produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein. The following statement is suggested for use in identifying a product that conforms to all requirements in this specification:  
1.4.1 “This product conforms to ASTM F2729, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Constant Air Inflatable Play Device for Home Use.”  
1.5 The test values and dimensions stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound values in parenthesis, when given, are for information only.  
1.6 General Measures, Tolerances, and Conversions:  
1.6.1 The general tolerances for this specification (unless otherwise specified) are as follows:
Dimension Tolerance
X ± 12.7 mm (X ± 0.5 in.)
X.X ± 1.27 mm (X.X ± 0.05 in.)
X.XX ± 0.127 mm (X.XX ± 0.005 in.)
These tolerances still apply to a dimension even when terms like greater than, less than, minimum, or maximum are used.  
1.6.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only.  
1.6.3 The conversion factor from SI to inch-pound units is 25.4 mm = 1 in., and 0.45359 kg = 1 lb.  
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion of this consumer safety specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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