ASTM D5640-95(2014)

Standard Guide for Selection of Weirs and Flumes for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Each type of weir and flume possesses advantages and disadvantages relative to the other types when it is considered for a specific application; consequently, the selection process often involves reaching a compromise among several features. This guide is intended to assist the user in making a selection that is hydraulically, structurally, and economically appropriate for the purpose.  
4.2 It is recognized that not all open-channel situations are amenable to flow measurement by weirs and flumes and that in some cases, particularly in large streams, discharges may best be determined by other means. (See 6.2.2.)
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers recommendations for the selection of weirs and flumes for the measurement of the volumetric flow rate of water and wastewater in open channels under a variety of field conditions.  
1.2 This guide emphasizes the weirs and flumes for which ASTM standards are available, namely, thin-plate weirs, broad-crested weirs, Parshall flumes, and Palmer-Bowlus (and other long-throated) flumes. However, reference is also made to other measurement devices and methods that may be useful in specific situations.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide covers recommendations for the selection of weirs and flumes for the measurement of the volumetric flow rate of water and wastewater in open channels under a variety of field conditions.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D19 on Water, this guide was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2013
• Withdrawal Date: 10-Jan-2023
• ICS: 17.120.20 - Flow in open channels
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.07 - Sediments, Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5640 − 95 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Guide for
Selection of Weirs and Flumes for Open-Channel Flow
1
Measurement of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5640; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3858 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
of Water by Velocity-Area Method
1.1 This guide covers recommendations for the selection of
D5242 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
weirs and flumes for the measurement of the volumetric flow
of Water with Thin-Plate Weirs
rate of water and wastewater in open channels under a variety
D5389 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
of field conditions.
by Acoustic Velocity Meter Systems
1.2 This guide emphasizes the weirs and flumes for which
D5390 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
ASTMstandardsareavailable,namely,thin-plateweirs,broad-
of Water with Palmer-Bowlus Flumes
crested weirs, Parshall flumes, and Palmer-Bowlus (and other
D5614 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurement
long-throated) flumes. However, reference is also made to
of Water with Broad-Crested Weirs
other measurement devices and methods that may be useful in
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
specific situations.
ISO 555-1973: Liquid Flow Measurement in Open
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Channels—Dilution Methods for Measurement of Steady
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Flow—Constant-Rate Injection Method
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
refer to Terminology D1129.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2.1 blackwater—an increase in the depth of flow upstream
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of a channel obstruction, in this case a weir or flume.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3.2.2 contracted weirs—contractions of thin-plate weirs re-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the fer to the widths of weir plate between the notch and the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- sidewalls of the approach channel. In fully contracted weirs,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical the ratio of the notch area to the cross-sectional area of the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. approach channel is small enough for the shape of the channel
to have little effect. In suppressed (full-width) rectangular
2. Referenced Documents
weirs, the contractions are suppressed, and the weir crest
2
extends the full width of the channel.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
3.2.3 crest—in rectangular thin-plate weirs, the horizontal
D1941 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurement
bottom of the overflow section; in broad-crested weirs and
of Water with the Parshall Flume
flumes, the plane, level floor of the flow section.
3.2.4 critical flow—open-channel flow in which the energy,
1
expressed in terms of depth plus velocity head, is a minimum
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Geomorphology,
for a given flow rate and channel.
and Open-Channel Flow.
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The Froude number is unity at critical
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally
flow.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5640 – 95 (2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D5640-95R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5640 − 95 (2014)
3.2.5 Froude number—a dimensionless number expressing 4.2 It is recognized that not all open-channel situations are
the ratio of inertial to gravity forces in free-surface flow. It is a
...