ASTM D1387-89(2007)

Standard Test Method for Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural Waxes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the property of ester functionality. Ester functionality determines the utility of the wax as well as being a significant quality control test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponification number of synthetic waxes and natural waxes.
1.2 This test method is applicable to Fischer Tropsche, microcrystalline, polyethylene, and Montan Ester waxes.
1.3 Certain synthetic waxes, notably copolymers of ethylene, exhibit poor reproducibility when running saponification values. Reproducibility can be improved if cooking time in is extended from 3 h to 18-20 h.
1.4 Some oxidized polyethylene and other waxes with a melt temperature above 100°C may give poor reproducibility.
1.5 Some dark-colored (Gardner Color 14) waxes may obscure the color change of the indicator, resulting in poor reproducibility.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2007
• ICS: 75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
• Technical Committee: D21 - Polishes
• Drafting Committee: D21.02 - Raw Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1387-89(2002) - Standard Test Method for Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural Waxes
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2007
• Replaced By: ASTM D1387-89(2012) - Standard Test Method for Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural Waxes
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1387 −89(Reapproved2007)
Standard Test Method for
Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural
Waxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1387; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is used to determine the property of
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponi-
ester functionality. Ester functionality determines the utility of
fication number of synthetic waxes and natural waxes.
the wax as well as being a significant quality control test.
1.2 This test method is applicable to Fischer Tropsche,
microcrystalline, polyethylene, and Montan Ester waxes.
5. Apparatus
1.3 Certain synthetic waxes, notably copolymers of
5.1 Analytical Balance.
ethylene, exhibit poor reproducibility when running saponifi-
5.2 Boiling Chips, chemically resistant glass.
cation values. Reproducibility can be improved if cooking time
in 7.2 is extended from3hto 18–20 h.
5.3 Burets, two 50-mL capacity with 0.1-mL graduations.
1.4 Some oxidized polyethylene and other waxes with a 5.4 Erlenmeyer Flasks, 250-mL, alkali-resistant.
melt temperature above 100°C may give poor reproducibility.
5.5 Hot Plate.
1.5 Some dark-colored (Gardner Color 14) waxes may
5.6 Reflux Condenser.
obscure the color change of the indicator, resulting in poor
reproducibility.
6. Reagents and Materials
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent-grade chemicals or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
equivalent as specified in Practice E200 shall be used in all
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tests.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.2 Hydrochloric Acid Standard (0.5 N).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.3 Phenolphthalein Indicator Solution (10 g/litre)—
Dissolve1gof phenolphthalein in 100 mL of USSD3A
2. Referenced Documents
denatured ethanol or 95 % ethanol.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.4 Potassium Hydroxide, Alcoholic Solution (6.6 g/litre)—
E200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage
Dissolve 6.6 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in USSD3A
of Standard and Reagent Solutions for ChemicalAnalysis
denatured ethanol or 95 % ethanol. Dilute to 1 L with the
ethanol.
3. Terminology
6.5 Xylene.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 saponification number—the number of milligrams of
7. Procedure
potassium hydroxide required to hydrolyze1gofthe sample
and is a measure of the amount of saponifiable matter present. 7.1 Transfer approximately1gofthe sample, weighed to
the nearest 0.001 g to a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask.
7.2 Add 40 mL of xylene and a few boiling chips to the
flask. Dissolve by heating on the hot plate to the boiling point
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeD21 on Polishes
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.02 on Raw Materials.
of xylene. As soon as the wax dissolves, remove from the hot
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originally
plate and add 50.0 mL of 0.1 N ethanolic KOH solution from
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1387–89(2002).
the buret. Fit the flask with a refl
...