ASTM C1247-98(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids
Standard Test Method for Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in Liquids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method uses elevated temperature to accelerate the degradation of a sealant and its adhesion to a substrate. This test method is an accelerated method and will only be a predictor of long-term durability if the actual service temperature is significantly lower than the elevated test temperature.
This test method can be used as an indicator of longevity but direct correlation to actual use will be difficult for many applications.
The correlation of data from this test method to applications where the sealant joint will have wet and dry cycles will be difficult since, with some sealants on some substrates, adhesion that is lost during wet periods is regained during dry periods.
This test method is performed in a hot liquid and may be considered an acceleration of deterioration of the sealant or the sealant’ adhesion to a substrate. Compared to how the sealant will be used in some applications, in some cases, this test may be less severe than the actual application. The benefit from the use of this test method will depend on the comparison of the conditions of this test to the actual conditions of use (temperature, duration, nature of substrate, composition of the liquid).
To determine the ability of a sealant to perform in a given application; modification of this procedure will often be required and is permissible, as mutually agreed upon by purchaser and seller.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure that assists in determining the durability of a sealant and its adhesion to a substrate while continuously immersed in a liquid. This test method tests the influence of a liquid on the sealant and its adhesion to a substrate. It does not test the added influence of constant stress from hydrostatic pressure that is often present with sealants used in submerged and below-grade applications, nor does it test the added influence of stress from joint movement while immersed. This test method also does not (in its standard form) test the added influence of acids or caustics or other materials that may be in the liquid, in many applications.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:C1247–98 (Reapproved2004)
Standard Test Method for
Durability of Sealants Exposed to Continuous Immersion in
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1247; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ISO 13638 Building Construction-Sealants-Determination
of Resistance of Prolonged Exposure to Water
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure that
assists in determining the durability of a sealant and its
3. Terminology
adhesion to a substrate while continuously immersed in a
3.1 Definitions:
liquid. This test method tests the influence of a liquid on the
3.1.1 Definitions of the following terms used in this test
sealantanditsadhesiontoasubstrate.Itdoesnottesttheadded
method are found in Terminology C 717: adhesive failure;
influence of constant stress from hydrostatic pressure that is
cohesive failure; compound; cure; hydrostatic pressure; joints;
often present with sealants used in submerged and below-grade
primer; sealant; self-leveling sealant ; and substrate.
applications, nor does it test the added influence of stress from
joint movement while immersed. This test method also does
4. Summary of Test Method
not (in its standard form) test the added influence of acids or
4.1 Specimens are prepared and the sealant is cured. The
caustics or other materials that may be in the liquid, in many
specimens are immersed in a hot liquid at 50 6 2°C (122 6
applications.
3.6°F) for six weeks. At the end of the six weeks, the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
specimensareplacedintoacompression/extensionmachine,as
standard.Theinch-poundgiveninparenthesesareprovidedfor
described in Test Method C 719, and cycled through the
information only.
movement range appropriate to the test sealant or its applica-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tion, or both.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 If after three movement cycles at 3.2 mm/h ( ⁄8 in./h)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
adhesive or cohesive failure is not noted, the specimens are
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
again placed in the hot liquid for an additional four weeks and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
then retested.
4.3 This test method consists of six weeks of immersion
2. Referenced Documents
2 followed by three extension and compression cycles. This can
2.1 ASTM Standards:
befollowedbyfourweeksoffurtherimmersionandarepeatof
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregate
the three extension and compression cycles. The four weeks of
C 109 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic
immersion and subsequent extension and compression testing
Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)
can be repeated as many times as required for the application.
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
C 717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
5. Significance and Use
C 719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elasto-
5.1 This test method uses elevated temperature to accelerate
meric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (Hockman
thedegradationofasealantanditsadhesiontoasubstrate.This
Cycle)
test method is an accelerated method and will only be a
D 1191 Method of Testing Concrete Joint Sealers
predictor of long-term durability if the actual service tempera-
2.2 ISO Standards
ture is significantly lower than the elevated test temperature.
5.2 Thistestmethodcanbeusedasanindicatoroflongevity
but direct correlation to actual use will be difficult for many
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC24onBuilding
applications.
Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 on
Adhesion. 5.3 The correlation of data from this test method to appli-
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved
cations where the sealant joint will have wet and dry cycles
in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as C 1247–93(1998).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd Street, 13th
the ASTM website. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C1247–98 (2004)
will be difficult since, with some sealants on some substrates, carbide sanding belt or using an iron lap with No. 60 silicon
adhesion that is lost during wet periods is regained during dry carbide (or aluminum oxide) grain, until the aggregate is
periods. uniformly exposed. Return blocks to saturated lime water
5.4 Thistestmethodisperformedinahotliquidandmaybe storage until needed.
considered an acceleration of deterioration of the sealant or the 7.1.2 Blocksmaybepreparedandshippedtootherlocations
sealant’s adhesion to a substrate. Compared to how the sealant for use. The blocks may be shipped dry and returned to lime
will be used in some applications, in some cases, this test may water storage on arrival until needed.
be less severe than the actual application. The benefit from the 7.1.3 Prior to use, wet grind the previously ground face to
use of this test method will depend on the comparison of the remove any laitance, rinse thoroughly under running tap water
conditions of this test to the actual conditions of use (tempera- and dry the blocks overnight at 105 to 110°C (220 to 230°F).
ture, duration, nature of substrate, composition of the liquid). Clean the blocks of film or powder by vigorous brushing with
5.5 To determine the ability of a sealant to perform in a a stiff-bristled fiber brush. Condition the blocks at standard
given application; modification of this procedure will often be conditions for not less than one nor more than seven days.
required and is permissible, as mutually agreed upon by 7.1.4 Aluminum—Thealuminumplatesshallbe75by25by
purchaser and seller. 6mm(3by1by ⁄4 in.) aluminum alloy, 6063-T5 or 6061-T6
with anodizing process AA-MIOC22A31. Prior to use clean
6. Apparatus
the aluminum by wiping the surface with methyl ethyl ketone
or similar solvent. Then dip the surface in a detergent solution.
6.1 Water Bath, equipped with a heater to maintain the test
This should be a 0.04 % solution of alcohol ethoxy sulfate.An
bath at 50 6 2°C (122 6 3.6°F).
alternativewouldbea0.1 %solutionofaclearhanddishwash-
6.2 Compression/Extension Machine, designed to auto-
ing detergent. These solutions should be made up in distilled
maticallycompressthejointwidthofthetestspecimenfrom12
water. Rinse the surface (without touching it) in distilled water
mm ( ⁄2 in.) to the maximum extension desired at a constant
and allow it to air dry.
rateof3.2mm/h( ⁄8in./h).Themachineshallbeequippedwith
grips of sufficient strength to withstand, without bending, the
NOTE 3—Methyl ethyl ketone and similar solvents are both toxic and
resistance of high-tensile-strength sealants.
flammable and should be handled with caution in a well-ventilated hood.
6.3 “C” Clamps, or other devices for specimen preparation.
NOTE 4—At the request of the sealant producer, the detergent cleaning
6.4 Spacer Blocks, for specimen preparation. step shall be omitted.
6.5 Liquid, appropriate to the application for the test bath.
7.2 Primers—Where the use of a primer(s) is recommended
NOTE 1—The precision and bias statement for this test method is based by the sealant manufacturer, prime substrate materials with the
on the use of distilled water for the test bath.
recommended primer or primers.
7.3 Preparation of Test Specimens:
7. Test Specimens
7.3.1 Standard conditions of temperature and relative hu-
7.1 Standardsubstratesforthistestmethodshallbeportland
midity for this test method are defined as 23 6 2°C (73.4 6
cement mortar and aluminum alloy.
3.6°F) and 50 6 5 % respectively.
7.3.2 Multicomponent Sealants—Prepare three test speci-
NOTE 2—The precision and bias statement of this test method is based
mens for each substrate that is to be used in the test. After
on standard substrates of mortar and aluminum.When requested, only one
or two of the standard substrates may be tested with the sealant. Likewise, maintaining the unopened sample for at least 24 h at standard
other substrates such as brick, marble, etc., may be specified by the
conditions, mix thoroughly for 5 min at least 250 g of base
purchaser in place of or in
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