ASTM D1814-70(2015)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather Units

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is designed for the routine measurement of the thickness of leather units as a means of production control and determining conformance to specifications. It utilizes a secondary type of gage that is capable of rapid measurement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thickness of units of all types of leather. It is not suitable for measuring the thickness of test specimens.  
1.2 The thickness of leather units may be reported in millimetres, ounces, or irons. Ounces are generally used when referring to the thickness of shoe upper leather. Irons are generally used when referring to the thickness of sole leather. (One ounce equals 1/64 in. or 0.0156 in. or 0.396 mm. One iron equals 1/48 in. or 0.0208 in. or 0.53 mm.)  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2015
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.07 - Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1814 − 70 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Thickness of Leather Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1814; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thick-
4.1 This test method is designed for the routine measure-
ness of units of all types of leather. It is not suitable for ment of the thickness of leather units as a means of production
measuring the thickness of test specimens.
control and determining conformance to specifications. It
utilizes a secondary type of gage that is capable of rapid
1.2 The thickness of leather units may be reported in
measurement.
millimetres, ounces, or irons. Ounces are generally used when
referring to the thickness of shoe upper leather. Irons are
5. Specimen
generally used when referring to the thickness of sole leather.
1
(One ounce equals ⁄64 in. or 0.0156 in. or 0.396 mm. One iron 5.1 The specimen for measurement shall be the full unit.
1
equals ⁄48 in. or 0.0208 in. or 0.53 mm.)
6. Apparatus
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
6.1 Gage, Spring-Type, graduated in 0.1 mm or 0.5 oz,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
having a flat presser foot 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) in
and are not considered standard.
diameter and a flat anvil 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) in
diameter. The spring shall exert a force of 1 lbf (4.45 N) on the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
foot when the gage reads 2 oz, and 2 lbf (8.9 N) when the gage
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
reads 12 oz.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.2 Gage, Standard Wedge-Type, having the two legs gradu-
1 1
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ated alternatively from 1 to 14 and from 1 ⁄2 to 13 ⁄2 iron,
enclosing an angle of about 4° and 0.425 6 0.005 mm thick,
2. Referenced Documents
preferably made from stainless steel.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather
7. Procedure
Test Specimens
7.1 Leather Other than Sole Leather—Place the portion of
thespecimentobemeasuredbetweentheanvilandpresserfoot
3. Terminology
of the spring-type gage (6.1) in such a manner that the
3.1 Definitions:
specimen is in contact with the whole area of the anvil. With
3.1.1 unit—a piece of leather in the form in which it is
the specimen held in this position, compress the thumb lever of
purchased, such as a single hide, skin, or part thereof; or a
the gage so that the gage reads approximately 15 oz.Allow the
single fabricated-leather article in the form in which it is
thumb to slide off the lever so that the gage presser foot snaps
purchased, such as a counter, a pair of shoes, a gasket, etc.
onto the leather. Read the thickness to the nearest 0.1 mm or
1
estimate it to the nearest ⁄4 oz. Measure the thickness at not
less than five approximately equally spaced places along and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties.This approximately 6 in. (150 mm) from the backbone. Space the
test method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists
measurements from an initial point of measurement approxi-
Assn. (Standard Method E3–1963).
mately 5 in. (130 mm) in from the root of the tail and the final
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2015.PublishedJuly2015.Originallyapproved
place of measurement, which shall extend no farther than 130
in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1814–70(2010). DOI:
10.1520/D1814-70R15.
mm into the neck area.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
NOTE 1—If the dimensions of the specimens are such that the gage will
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on not reach from the edge to the point at which the thickness is desired, the
the ASTM website. specimen may be folded upon itself with the flesh inside. Measure the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1814 − 70 (2015)
thi
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1814 − 70 (Reapproved 2010) D1814 − 70 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Thickness of Leather Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1814; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thickness of units of all types of leather. It is not suitable for measuring
the thickness of test specimens.
1.2 The thickness of leather units may be reported in millimetres, ounces, or irons. Ounces are generally used when referring
to the thickness of shoe upper leather. Irons are generally used when referring to the thickness of sole leather. (One ounce equals
1 1
⁄64 in. or 0.0156 in. or 0.396 mm. One iron equals ⁄48 in. or 0.0208 in. or 0.53 mm.)
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather Test Specimens
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 unit—a piece of leather in the form in which it is purchased, such as a single hide, skin, or part thereof; or a single
fabricated-leather article in the form in which it is purchased, such as a counter, a pair of shoes, a gasket, etc.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is designed for the routine measurement of the thickness of leather units as a means of production control
and determining conformance to specifications. It utilizes a secondary type of gage that is capable of rapid measurement.
5. Specimen
5.1 The specimen for measurement shall be the full unit.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Gage, Spring-Type, graduated in 0.1 mm or 0.5 oz, having a flat presser foot 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) in diameter
and a flat anvil 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) in diameter. The spring shall exert a force of 1 lbf (4.45 N) on the foot when
the gage reads 2 oz, and 2 lbf (8.9 N) when the gage reads 12 oz.
1 1
6.2 Gage, Standard Wedge-Type, having the two legs graduated alternatively from 1 to 14 and from 1 ⁄2 to 13 ⁄2 iron, enclosing
an angle of about 4° and 0.425 6 0.005 mm thick, preferably made from stainless steel.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties. This
test method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn. (Standard Method E3–1963).
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010May 1, 2015. Published November 2010July 2015. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D1814–70(2005).D1814–70(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D1814-70R10.10.1520/D1814-70R15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1814 − 70 (2015)
7. Procedure
7.1 Leather Other than Sole Leather—Place the portion of the specimen to be measured between the anvil and presser foot of
the spring-type gage (6.1) in such a manner that the specimen is in contact with the whole area of the anvil. With the specimen
held in this position, compress the thumb lever of the gage so that the gage reads approximately 15 oz. Allow the thumb to slide
off the lever so that the gage presser foot snaps onto the leather. Read the thickness to the nearest 0.1 mm or estimate it to the
1
nearest ⁄4 oz. Measure the thickness at not less than five approximately equally spaced places along and approximately 6 in. (150
mm) from the backbone. Space the measurements from an initial point of me
...