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ASTM C265-08

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Withdrawn 2017)

Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Withdrawn 2017)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Excess soluble sulfate ions in hardened cement can result in reduced durability. This test method is intended to show whether calcium sulfate has been used in cement in such amount to leave excess soluble sulfate in hardened mortar. The test method is used to establish compliance in Specification C 595 for those cements in which optimized SO3 exceeds the table limit. This test method also can provide useful information on other hydraulic cements, such as those specified in Specifications C 150 and C 1157.
When this test method is used in conjunction with Test Method C 563, use the appropriate age of test specimens (24 h, 3 days, or 7 days) to coincide with the age of specimens used in Test Method C 563.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of water-extractable SO3 in hardened hydraulic cement mortar. This measurement is assumed to represent unreacted, available sulfate remaining in the mortar.
1.1.1 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 Values in SI units were obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard of measurements made in other units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the measurement of water-extractable SO3 in hardened hydraulic cement mortar. This measurement is assumed to represent unreacted, available sulfate remaining in the mortar.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement, this test method was withdrawn in January 2017 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
30-Apr-2008
Withdrawal Date
08-Jan-2017
ICS
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C01 - Cement
Drafting Committee
C01.28 - Sulfate Content
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C265-06 - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Effective Date
01-May-2008

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ASTM C265-08 - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Withdrawn 2017)ASTM C265-08 - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Withdrawn 2017)
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ASTM C265-08 - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Withdrawn 2017)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C265 − 08
Standard Test Method for
Water-Extractable Sulfate in Hydrated Hydraulic Cement
1
Mortar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C265; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C563 Test Method for Approximation of Optimum SO in
3
Hydraulic Cement Using Compressive Strength
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of water-
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
extractable SO in hardened hydraulic cement mortar. This
3
C778 Specification for Sand
measurement is assumed to represent unreacted, available
C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
sulfate remaining in the mortar.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.1.1 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementious mixtures are
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
Sieves
prolonged exposure.
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
3. Terminology
1.3 Values in SI units were obtained by measurement in SI
3.1 Definitions—The terms used in this test method are
units or by appropriate conversion using the Rules for Conver-
defined in accordance with Terminology C219.
sion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI-10 of
measurements made in other units.
4. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Excess soluble sulfate ions in hardened cement can
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
result in reduced durability. This test method is intended to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
show whether calcium sulfate has been used in cement in such
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
amount to leave excess soluble sulfate in hardened mortar. The
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
test method is used to establish compliance in Specification
C595 for those cements in which optimized SO exceeds the
2. Referenced Documents 3
table limit. This test method also can provide useful informa-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tion on other hydraulic cements, such as those specified in
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
Specifications C150 and C1157.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
4.2 When this test method is used in conjunction with Test
Specimens)
Method C563, use the appropriate age of test specimens (24 h,
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
3 days, or 7 days) to coincide with the age of specimens used
Cement
in Test Method C563.
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement 5. Apparatus
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
5.1 Sieve—A 2.36-mm (No.8) sieve conforming to Specifi-
cation E11.
1 5.2 Mixer, Bowl, and Paddle—An electrically driven me-
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.28 on Sulfate Content chanical mixer equipped with a paddle and bowl, as specified
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally
in the Apparatus section of Practice C305.
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C265 – 06. DOI:
10.1520/C0265-08.
5.3 Polyethylene Containers—Watertight polyethylene bags
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of 1-L (1-qt) capacity or approximately 360-mm (14-in.) sheet
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
material, made using polyethylene at least 0.10-mm (0.004-in.)
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. in thickness.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C265 − 08
1
5.4 Mortar and Pestle—Amortar of 1.5-L(1 ⁄2-qt) size, and 10.2 Filter the slurry on a dry No. 2A Büchner funnel with
a pestle, both of which shall be iron or porcelain. the aid of suction using a dry 90-mm, medium, ashless paper.
Complete filtration within a period of 2 min. Filter again,
5.5 Water Bath—Awater bath thermostatically controlled at
whether the filtrate is turbid or not, using a new dry filter paper
23.0 6 0.15 °C .
without suction.
6. Reagen
...

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1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic cements for both general and special applications. There are no restrictions on the composition of the cement or its constituents (see Note 1).
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This specification covers the criteria and tests to be used for determining whether a processing addition meets the requirement. When proposed addition is accepted for general use in Portland cement, tests shall be made on cements prepared from at least five different clinkers. These clinkers shall represent two Type I cements, one Type II cement, and two Type III cements. Processing additions shall be evaluated by comparing cements containing the addition to otherwise identical cements from the same source without the addition, or containing a processing addition. The compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete made with cement containing the addition shall be compared with strengths obtained with the control cement at similar ages. The properties of the materials shall be determined through the following tests in accordance with the following standard: chemical analysis of the cement, compound composition, fineness of cement, normal consistency, time of setting, autoclave expansion, air content of mortar, compressive strength of mortar, and drying shrinkage of mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to the criteria and tests to be used for determining whether a(n) organic or inorganic processing addition, when used in the recommended amount at the option of the cement producer in the manufacture of hydraulic cements, meets the requirements as prescribed by definition in Specifications C150/C150M, C1157/C1157M, C845/C845M, and C595/C595M. The materials listed in the following former ASTM Specifications shall be considered as meeting the organic processing additions requirements of this specification:    
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SCOPE
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4.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the amount of water required to prepare hydraulic cement pastes with normal consistency, as required for certain standard tests.
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4.1 These test methods are used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Test Methods C1910/C1910M or other specifications for cements that require carbonation curing. These test methods are based on standardized testing in the laboratory and are not intended to simulate job conditions. All tests are performed with mortar and therefore, the results may not provide a direct correlation of how the tested cementitious material will perform in concrete.  
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1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this standard. Some values only have SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in standard.  
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Standard Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The sampling procedures described are intended for use in the procurement of samples of hydraulic cement after it has been manufactured and is ready to be offered for sale. They are not intended as sampling procedures for quality control purposes during manufacturing. The testing procedures outlined cover the amount of testing to be done and provide guidance for reporting on conformance or non-conformance of cements with requirements of purchase specifications.  
4.2 This practice is referenced as the procedure for sampling natural cement (Specification C10/C10M), masonry cement (Specification C91/C91M), portland cement (Specification C150/C150M), blended hydraulic cement (Specification C595/C595M), expansive hydraulic cement (Specification C845/C845M), hydraulic cement based on a performance specification (Specification C1157/C1157M), plastic stucco cement (Specification C1328/C1328M), and mortar cement (Specification C1329/C1329M), and  
4.3 Most building codes and construction specifications require that hydraulic cement to be used in the work meet the applicable requirements of the relevant purchase specifications, such as Specifications C10/C10M, C91/C91M, C150/C150M, C595/C595M, C1157/C1157M, C1328/C1328M, C1329/C1329M, or C845/C845M. If the code or specification requires sampling of the manufactured cement, the provisions given in 4.4 are applicable. Not much cement is sold on the basis of such sampling and testing. A useful discussion of sampling and testing cement is contained in ACI 225.1R.  
4.4 The procedures covered in this practice should be done by or for purchasers of hydraulic cement who are using a code or specification that requires sampling and testing to determine if the samples conform to the relevant acceptance specifications. The testing is done using specified methods to determine whether the samples yield test results that conform to the specification, and the tests serve as a basis for acceptance or rejection of the lot of material ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling and for the amount of testing of hydraulic cement after it has been manufactured and is ready to be offered for sale.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units [or inch-pound units] shall be obtained by measurement in SI units [or inch-pound units] or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound units are not used in practice  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and Plasters by Way of Water Loss

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means for determining the ability of mortars and plasters to retain water when applied to specific substrates based on the intended use of the tested mortar.  
5.2 The results obtained using this test method may be used to compare the relative ability of mortars and plasters to retain water when applied to different substrates or in comparison to other mortars or plasters applied to the same substrate.  
5.2.1 If applied to the same substrate, water retention values of different mortar can be compared.  
5.2.2 One mortar may be applied to different substrates to understand the impact of varying substrates on water retention of the mortar.  
5.3 The results obtained using this test method do not necessarily indicate the degree of water retention when used with substrates found in the field. This is because the amount of water absorbed by the substrate depends not only on the ability of the mortar to retain water but also on the particular absorption of the substrate and environmental conditions. Environmental conditions are not taken into account in this test method.  
5.4 The results obtained using this test method for plasters (stucco) do not necessarily indicate the degree of water retention when the plaster is applied as a second coat on the surface of a previously applied plaster base coat, since the amount of water absorbed from the second coat of plaster depends on the rate of absorption of the base coat. This is also true when a plaster is applied as a coating on masonry units.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides for the determination of water retention of hydraulic cement based mortars and plasters. Water Retention is directly measured through the absorption of water from the mortar by the substrate. Various substrates may be chosen by the user based on the intended use of the tested mortar. This test method defines such substrates. Comparisons can be made between different mortars on the same substrate or the same mortar on different substrates.  
1.2 This test method provides a water retention value via direct water loss, while Test Method C1506 provides a water retention value via mortar flow.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See the Safety Data Sheet for safety information regarding the materials being tested.  
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Standard Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the density of hydraulic cement. Its particular usefulness is in connection with the design and control of concrete mixtures. The density of hydraulic cement is defined as the mass of a unit volume of the solids. The apparatus to be used is a Le Chatelier flask which is circular in cross-section. This flask shall be thoroughly annealed before being graduated. They shall be of sufficient thickness to ensure reasonable resistance to breakage. Each flask shall bear a permanent identification number and the stopper, if not interchangeably ground, shall bear the same number. Interchangeable ground-glass parts shall be marked on both members with the standard-taper symbol, followed by the size designation. The standard temperature shall be indicated, and the unit of capacity shall be shown by the letters “mL” placed above the highest graduation mark. Kerosene, free of water, or naphtha shall be used in the density determination. The flask shall be filled with either of the liquids mentioned to a point on the stem between the 0 and the 1-mL mark. The inside of the flask shall be dried above the level of the liquid, if necessary, after pouring. The first reading shall be recorded after the flask has been immersed in the water bath. A quantity of cement shall be introduced in small increments at the same temperature as the liquid. A vibrating apparatus may be used to accelerate the introduction of the cement into the flask and to prevent the cement from sticking to the neck. After all the cement has been introduced, the stopper shall be placed in the flask and the flask shall be rolled in an inclined position, or gently whirl it in a horizontal circle, so as to free the cement from air until no further air bubbles rise to the surface of the liquid. If a proper amount of cement has been added, the level of the liquid will be in its final position at some point of the upper series of graduations. The final reading shall be recorded after the flask has been immersed in the water bath. The difference between the first and the final readings represents the volume of liquid displaced by the mass of cement used in the test. The cement density can now be determined.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a procedure for the determination of density of hydraulic cement samples using non-instrumental techniques.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of hydraulic cement. Its particular usefulness is in connection with the design and control of concrete mixtures.  
1.2 The density of hydraulic cement is defined as the mass of a unit volume of the solids.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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