ASTM C1600/C1600M-23
(Specification)Standard Specification for Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement
Standard Specification for Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement
ABSTRACT
This specification covers performance requirements for rapid hardening hydraulic cements. There are no restrictions on the compositions of the cement or its constituents. The specification classifies cements by type based on specific requirements for very early compressive strength development. The following are the four types of rapid hardening cement: (1) Type URH, ultra rapid hardening for use where high early strength is desired; (2) Type VRH, very rapid hardening for use where very high early strength is desired; (3) Type MRH, medium rapid hardening for use where mid-range hardening high early strength is desired; and (4) Type GRH, general rapid hardening for use when the higher strength properties of a Type VRH or a Type MRH cement is not required. Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of the applicable standard physical requirements for compressive strength and drying shrinkage. Cement shall be tested using the following methods: autoclave expansion; time of setting; compressive strength; drying shrinkage of mortar; heat of hydration; surface resistance; alkali silica resistivity; and expansion in water.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is for rapid hardening hydraulic cements. This is a specification giving performance requirements. There are no restrictions on the composition of the cement or its constituents.
1.2 The specification classifies cements by type based on specific requirements for very early compressive strength development.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1600/C1600M − 23
Standard Specification for
1
Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1600/C1600M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification is for rapid hardening hydraulic ce-
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
ments. This is a specification giving performance requirements.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube
There are no restrictions on the composition of the cement or
Specimens)
its constituents.
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
1.2 The specification classifies cements by type based on
Cement
specific requirements for very early compressive strength
C151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hy-
development.
draulic Cement
C183/C183M Practice for Sampling and the Amount of
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Testing of Hydraulic Cement
shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
C191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
by Vicat Needle
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inor-
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
ganic Cements
standard.
C441/C441M Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans or
Ground Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Ex-
1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes
pansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica Reaction
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
C596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Contain-
(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements of
ing Hydraulic Cement
the standard.
C1012/C1012M Test Method for Length Change of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C1038/C1038M Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Cement Mortar Bars Stored in Water
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C1107/C1107M Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Cement Grout (Nonshrink)
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
C1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
2.2 Other Standards
2
prolonged exposure. )
EN 14647 Calcium Aluminate Cement - Composition, speci-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
fications and conformity criteria
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1 Definitions:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, see
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Terminology C219.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement, n—a hydraulic
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
or blended hydraulic cement which exhibits rapid strength gain
Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.13 on Special
Cements.
Current edition approved June 15, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally
3
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C1600/C1600M – 19. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/C1600_C1600M-23. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
See the section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Standards, Vol 04.01. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C1600/C1600M − 23
during the first 24 h of hydration, with or without other 7. Physical Properties
constituents, processing additions, and functional additions.
7.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1600/C1600M − 19 C1600/C1600M − 23
Standard Specification for
1
Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1600/C1600M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification is for rapid hardening hydraulic cements. This is a specification giving performance requirements. There are
no restrictions on the composition of the cement or its constituents.
1.2 The specification classifies cements by type based on specific requirements for very early compressive strength development.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two
systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding
those in tables and figures) are not requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns
2
to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
C151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
1
This test method specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.13 on Special Cements.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2019June 15, 2023. Published January 2020July 2023. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
C1600/C1600M – 18.C1600/C1600M – 19. DOI: 10.1520/C1600_C1600M-19.10.1520/C1600_C1600M-23.
2
See the section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1600/C1600M − 23
C183/C183M Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement
4
C186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic Cement (Withdrawn 2019)
C191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
C441/C441M Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans or Ground Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Expansion of
Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica Reaction
C596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement
C1012/C1012M Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution
C1038/C1038M Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored in Water
C1107/C1107M S
...
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