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ASTM C465-23

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements

Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture<brk/> of Hydraulic Cements

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the criteria and tests to be used for determining whether a processing addition meets the requirement. When proposed addition is accepted for general use in Portland cement, tests shall be made on cements prepared from at least five different clinkers. These clinkers shall represent two Type I cements, one Type II cement, and two Type III cements. Processing additions shall be evaluated by comparing cements containing the addition to otherwise identical cements from the same source without the addition, or containing a processing addition. The compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete made with cement containing the addition shall be compared with strengths obtained with the control cement at similar ages. The properties of the materials shall be determined through the following tests in accordance with the following standard: chemical analysis of the cement, compound composition, fineness of cement, normal consistency, time of setting, autoclave expansion, air content of mortar, compressive strength of mortar, and drying shrinkage of mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to the criteria and tests to be used for determining whether a(n) organic or inorganic processing addition, when used in the recommended amount at the option of the cement producer in the manufacture of hydraulic cements, meets the requirements as prescribed by definition in Specifications C150/C150M, C1157/C1157M, C845/C845M, and C595/C595M. The materials listed in the following former ASTM Specifications shall be considered as meeting the organic processing additions requirements of this specification:    
C150/C150M – 62, for Portland Cement  
C205 – 58 T, for Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement  
C340 – 58 T, for Portland Pozzolan Cement  
C358 – 58, for Slag Cement  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Jul-2023
ICS
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C01 - Cement
Drafting Committee
C01.20 - Additions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C185-20 - Standard Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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ASTM C465-23 - Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture<brk/> of Hydraulic CementsASTM C465-23 - Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture<brk/> of Hydraulic Cements
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REDLINE ASTM C465-23 - Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture<brk/> of Hydraulic CementsREDLINE ASTM C465-23 - Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture<brk/> of Hydraulic Cements
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C465 − 23
Standard Specification for
Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture
1
of Hydraulic Cements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
drical Concrete Specimens
1.1 This specification pertains to the criteria and tests to be
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
used for determining whether a(n) organic or inorganic pro-
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube
cessing addition, when used in the recommended amount at the
Specimens)
option of the cement producer in the manufacture of hydraulic
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
cements, meets the requirements as prescribed by definition in
Cement
Specifications C150/C150M, C1157/C1157M, C845/C845M,
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
and C595/C595M. The materials listed in the following former
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
ASTM Specifications shall be considered as meeting the
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
organic processing additions requirements of this specification:
Concrete
C150/C150M – 62, for Portland Cement
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C205 – 58 T, for Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement
C340 – 58 T, for Portland Pozzolan Cement
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
C358 – 58, for Slag Cement
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Mortar
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-
standard.
mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
C191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement
test methods described in this specification. This standard does
by Vicat Needle
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
Specimens in the Laboratory
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
C204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
Air-Permeability Apparatus
limitations prior to use.
C205 Specification for Portland Blast-Furnace Cement; Re-
3
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
placed by C 595 (Withdrawn 1967)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
C226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Concrete by the Pressure Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
C340 Specification for Portland-Pozzolan Cement (With-
3
drawn 1967)
2. Referenced Documents
C358 Specification for Slag Cement; Replaced by C 595
2
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(Withdrawn 1967)
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Contain-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
ing Hydraulic Cement
Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.
C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete
Current edition approved July 15, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as C465 – 22. DOI: Specimens
10.1520/C0465-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C465 − 23
C845/C845M Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Ce- 3.1.6.2 The SO
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C465 − 22 C465 − 23
Standard Specification for
Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture
1
of Hydraulic Cements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification pertains to the criteria and tests to be used for determining whether a(n) organic or inorganic processing
addition, when used in the recommended amount at the option of the cement producer in the manufacture of hydraulic cements,
meets the requirements as prescribed by definition in Specifications C150/C150M, C1157/C1157M, C845/C845M, and
C595/C595M. The materials listed in the following former ASTM Specifications shall be considered as meeting the organic
processing additions requirements of this specification:
C150/C150M – 62, for Portland Cement
C205 – 58 T, for Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement
C340 – 58 T, for Portland Pozzolan Cement
C358 – 58, for Slag Cement
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.
Current edition approved July 1, 2022July 15, 2023. Published July 2022July 2023. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20192022 as
C465 – 19.C465 – 22. DOI: 10.1520/C0465-22.10.1520/C0465-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C465 − 23
C151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
C191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability Apparatus
3
C205 Specification for Portland Blast-Furnace Cement; Replaced by C 595 (Withdrawn 1967)
C226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
3
C340 Specification for Portland-Pozzolan Cement (Withdrawn 1967)
3
C358 Specification for Slag Cement; Replaced by C 595 (Withdrawn 1967)
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hyd
...

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1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic cements for both general and special applications. There are no restrictions on the composition of the cement or its constituents (see Note 1).
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This specification pertains to blended hydraulic cements for both general and special applications, using slag or pozzolan, or both, with portland cement or portland cement clinker or slag with lime. These cements are classified into two types: Type IS which is portland blast-furnace slag cement and Type IP which is portland-pozzolan cement. They can also be described according to air-entraining, moderate sulfate resistance, moderate heat of hydration, high sulfate resistance, or low heat of hydration properties. The cement shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed. In addition, the cement shall undergo different tests to determine the following properties: chemical analysis, fineness by sieving, fineness by air-permeability, autoclave expansion, time of setting, air content of mortar, compressive strength, heat of hydration, normal consistency, specific gravity, water requirement, mortar expansions of blended cement and pozzolan, drying shrinkage, activity index with Portland cement, and sulfate resistance.
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1.1 This specification pertains to blended hydraulic cements for both general and special applications, using slag, pozzolan, limestone, or some combination of these, with portland cement or portland cement clinker or slag with lime.
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Section 8  
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4.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the amount of water required to prepare hydraulic cement pastes with normal consistency, as required for certain standard tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the normal consistency of hydraulic cement.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling and for the amount of testing of hydraulic cement after it has been manufactured and is ready to be offered for sale.  
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ASTM C1922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and Plasters by Way of Water Loss

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means for determining the ability of mortars and plasters to retain water when applied to specific substrates based on the intended use of the tested mortar.  
5.2 The results obtained using this test method may be used to compare the relative ability of mortars and plasters to retain water when applied to different substrates or in comparison to other mortars or plasters applied to the same substrate.  
5.2.1 If applied to the same substrate, water retention values of different mortar can be compared.  
5.2.2 One mortar may be applied to different substrates to understand the impact of varying substrates on water retention of the mortar.  
5.3 The results obtained using this test method do not necessarily indicate the degree of water retention when used with substrates found in the field. This is because the amount of water absorbed by the substrate depends not only on the ability of the mortar to retain water but also on the particular absorption of the substrate and environmental conditions. Environmental conditions are not taken into account in this test method.  
5.4 The results obtained using this test method for plasters (stucco) do not necessarily indicate the degree of water retention when the plaster is applied as a second coat on the surface of a previously applied plaster base coat, since the amount of water absorbed from the second coat of plaster depends on the rate of absorption of the base coat. This is also true when a plaster is applied as a coating on masonry units.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides for the determination of water retention of hydraulic cement based mortars and plasters. Water Retention is directly measured through the absorption of water from the mortar by the substrate. Various substrates may be chosen by the user based on the intended use of the tested mortar. This test method defines such substrates. Comparisons can be made between different mortars on the same substrate or the same mortar on different substrates.  
1.2 This test method provides a water retention value via direct water loss, while Test Method C1506 provides a water retention value via mortar flow.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See the Safety Data Sheet for safety information regarding the materials being tested.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C188-17(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the density of hydraulic cement. Its particular usefulness is in connection with the design and control of concrete mixtures. The density of hydraulic cement is defined as the mass of a unit volume of the solids. The apparatus to be used is a Le Chatelier flask which is circular in cross-section. This flask shall be thoroughly annealed before being graduated. They shall be of sufficient thickness to ensure reasonable resistance to breakage. Each flask shall bear a permanent identification number and the stopper, if not interchangeably ground, shall bear the same number. Interchangeable ground-glass parts shall be marked on both members with the standard-taper symbol, followed by the size designation. The standard temperature shall be indicated, and the unit of capacity shall be shown by the letters “mL” placed above the highest graduation mark. Kerosene, free of water, or naphtha shall be used in the density determination. The flask shall be filled with either of the liquids mentioned to a point on the stem between the 0 and the 1-mL mark. The inside of the flask shall be dried above the level of the liquid, if necessary, after pouring. The first reading shall be recorded after the flask has been immersed in the water bath. A quantity of cement shall be introduced in small increments at the same temperature as the liquid. A vibrating apparatus may be used to accelerate the introduction of the cement into the flask and to prevent the cement from sticking to the neck. After all the cement has been introduced, the stopper shall be placed in the flask and the flask shall be rolled in an inclined position, or gently whirl it in a horizontal circle, so as to free the cement from air until no further air bubbles rise to the surface of the liquid. If a proper amount of cement has been added, the level of the liquid will be in its final position at some point of the upper series of graduations. The final reading shall be recorded after the flask has been immersed in the water bath. The difference between the first and the final readings represents the volume of liquid displaced by the mass of cement used in the test. The cement density can now be determined.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a procedure for the determination of density of hydraulic cement samples using non-instrumental techniques.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of hydraulic cement. Its particular usefulness is in connection with the design and control of concrete mixtures.  
1.2 The density of hydraulic cement is defined as the mass of a unit volume of the solids.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C204-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability Apparatus

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the fineness of hydraulic cement, using the Blaine air-permeability apparatus, in terms of the specific surface expressed as total surface area in square centimetres per gram, or square metres per kilogram, of cement. Two test methods are given: test method A is the reference test method using the manually operated standard Blaine apparatus, while test method B permits the use of automated apparatus that has in accordance with the qualification requirements of this test method demonstrated acceptable performance. The Blaine air-permeability apparatus consists essentially of a means of drawing a definite quantity of air through a prepared bed of cement of definite porosity. The permeability cell shall consist of a rigid cylinder, constructed of austenitic stainless steel. The disk shall be constructed of noncorroding metal, and shall fit the inside of the cell snugly. The plunger shall be constructed of austenitic stainless steel and shall fit into the cell. The filter paper disks shall be circular, with smooth edges, and shall have the same diameter as the inside of the cell. The U-tube manometer shall be constructed according to the design indicated. The manometer shall be filled to the midpoint line with a nonvolatile, nonhygroscopic liquid of low viscosity and density. The timer shall have a positive starting and stopping mechanism. The calibration of the air permeability apparatus shall be made using the standard reference material. The automated test method shall employ apparatus designed either on the principles of the Blaine air-permeability method or apparatus based on the air-permeability principles of the Lea and Nurse method. When the specific surface values determined by an automated apparatus are to be used for acceptance or rejection of cement, the method used shall comply with the qualification requirements. When standardization is required in order to achieve agreement between test method A and test method B, the apparatus shall be standardized according to the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the fineness of hydraulic cement, using the Blaine air-permeability apparatus, in terms of the specific surface expressed as total surface area in square centimetres per gram, or square metres per kilogram, of cement. Two test methods are given: Test Method A is the Reference Test Method using the manually operated standard Blaine apparatus, while Test Method B permits the use of automated apparatus that has in accordance with the qualification requirements of this test method demonstrated acceptable performance. Although the test method may be, and has been, used for the determination of the measures of fineness of various other materials, it should be understood that, in general, relative rather than absolute fineness values are obtained.  
1.1.1 This test method is known to work well for portland cements. However, the user should exercise judgement in determining its suitability with regard to fineness measurements of cements with densities, or porosities that differ from those assigned to Standard Reference Material No. 114 or No. 46h.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safe...

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