ASTM D1576-13

Standard Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Oven-Drying (Withdrawn 2022)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D2462 for the determination of the moisture in wool by distillation with toluene is the preferred method for testing wool for moisture for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments. If, however, the purchaser and the supplier agree, Test Method D1576 for the determination of the moisture in wool by oven drying may be used instead. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1, may be advisable.  
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D1576 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.  
5.2 This test method is a simple and convenient method for routine process control, in-plant evaluation, estimation of moisture content of a lot of wool, or any other purpose for which a high degree of reproducibility is not necessary (see Section 13).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of moisture present in ordinary commercial and industrial samples of wool in all forms except grease wool, using the oven-drying technique.  
1.2 Formulas for calculating the moisture content (as-received basis) and moisture regain (oven-dried basis) are given. It is always important to use the correct term which corresponds to the basis used in the calculation (see 12.2.1). Note 1—The determination of moisture content for textile materials in general is covered in Test Methods D2654, and an optimal method for determining the moisture in wool by distillation with toluene is covered in Test Method D2462. A method for sampling wool for the determination of moisture in wool is covered in Practice D2525. The oven-drying method has been adapted for cotton in Test Method D2495.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2013
• ICS: 59.060.10 - Natural fibres
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.13 - Wool and Felt

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1576 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Moisture in Wool by Oven-Drying
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1576; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2654 Test Method for Moisture in Textiles (Withdrawn
3
1998)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount
D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,
of moisture present in ordinary commercial and industrial
Sliver, or Tow for Testing
samples of wool in all forms except grease wool, using the
D4845 Terminology Relating to Wool
oven-drying technique.
3. Terminology
1.2 Formulas for calculating the moisture content (as-
received basis) and moisture regain (oven-dried basis) are
3.1 For all terminology related to D13.13, Wool and Felt,
given. It is always important to use the correct term which
see Terminology D4845.
corresponds to the basis used in the calculation (see 12.2.1).
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
grease wool, moisture content, moisture-free, moisture regain,
NOTE 1—The determination of moisture content for textile materials in
oven-dried, pulled wool, raw wool, recycled wool, scoured
general is covered in Test Methods D2654, and an optimal method for
wool, virgin wool, wool, wool, as defined in the Wool Products
determining the moisture in wool by distillation with toluene is covered in
Test Method D2462.Amethod for sampling wool for the determination of
Labeling Act of 1939.
moisture in wool is covered in Practice D2525. The oven-drying method
3.2 FordefinitionsofallothertextiletermsseeTerminology
has been adapted for cotton in Test Method D2495.
D123.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 A specimen of wool material is weighed and then dried
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
to constant mass at 105 6 2°C in an oven supplied with
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ambient air. The loss in mass is considered moisture and
reported as either moisture content or moisture regain. Direc-
2. Referenced Documents
tions are given for the adjustment of the observed results for
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: any change in the moisture content after sampling and before
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles drying.
D1060 PracticeforCoreSamplingofRawWoolinPackages
5. Significance and Use
for Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool Fiber
Present
5.1 Test Method D2462 for the determination of the mois-
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
tureinwoolbydistillationwithtolueneisthepreferredmethod
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
for testing wool for moisture for the acceptance testing of
D2462 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Distillation
commercial shipments. If, however, the purchaser and the
With Toluene
supplieragree,TestMethodD1576forthedeterminationofthe
D2495 Test Method for Moisture in Cotton by Oven-Drying
moisture in wool by oven drying may be used instead.
D2525 Practice for Sampling Wool for Moisture
Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1, may be advisable.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
reported test results when using Test Method D1576 for
1 acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt. the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if
Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally
there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1576 – 90 (2008).
statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of
DOI: 10.1520/D1576-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D1576 − 13
bias.As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test 7.3.1 For wool fiber, take laboratory samples as directed in
specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and wh
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1576 − 90 (Reapproved 2008) D1576 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Moisture in Wool by Oven-Drying
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1576; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of moisture present in ordinary commercial and industrial samples
of wool in all forms except grease wool, using the oven-drying technique.
1.2 Formulas for calculating the moisture content (as-received basis) and moisture regain (oven-dried basis) are given. It is
always important to use the correct term which corresponds to the basis used in the calculation (see 12.2.1).
NOTE 1—The determination of moisture content for textile materials in general is covered in Test Methods D2654, and an optimal method for
determining the moisture in wool by distillation with toluene is covered in Test Method D2462. A method for sampling wool for the determination of
moisture in wool is covered in Practice D2525. The oven-drying method has been adapted for cotton in Test Method D2495.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1060 Practice for Core Sampling of Raw Wool in Packages for Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool Fiber Present
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
D2462 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Distillation With Toluene
D2495 Test Method for Moisture in Cotton by Oven-Drying
D2525 Practice for Sampling Wool for Moisture
3
D2654 Test Method for Moisture in Textiles (Withdrawn 1998)
D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers, Sliver, or Tow for Testing
D4845 Terminology Relating to Wool
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 grease wool, n—wool taken from the living sheep and which has not been commercially scoured.
3.1.2 moisture content, n—the amount of moisture in a material determined under prescribed conditions and expressed as a
percentage of the mass of the moist material, that is, the original mass comprising the oven-dried substance plus any moisture
present.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008July 1, 2013. Published September 2008August 2013. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20012008
as D1576 – 90 (2001).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D1576-90R08.10.1520/D1576-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
The term “mass” is the correct designation for the property commonly designated as “weight.”
A slight amount of residual moisture may not be removed from a specimen subjected to oven drying because of the relative
4
humidity of the ambient air. The amount of moisture retained by a specimen may be estimated from published data.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1576 − 13
There may also be a slight additional loss in mass caused by the evaporation of volatile material other than water, the amount
depending on the characteristics of any added oils or emulsions.
3.1.3 moisture-free, adj—the condition of a material that has been exposed in an atmosphere of desiccated air until there is no
further significant change in its mass (see 3.1.2).
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
Heating the material and the desiccated air to temperatures as high as 110°C increases the rate of moisture loss but does not change
the final equilibrium mass of the moisture-free material.
3.1.4 moisture regain, n—the amount of moisture in a material determined under
...