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ASTM D5253-04(2016)

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology Relating to Floor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture

Standard Terminology Relating to Floor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture

SCOPE
1.1 This standard is a compilation of all terminology developed by Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling and related to refurbishing or care of floor coverings and textile upholstered furniture, excluding leather. These items cannot be refurbished by the laundering and dry cleaning methods used for apparel and other domestic textile products.  
1.2 This document defines terms for the care of textile floor coverings and textile upholstered furniture. The exact care instructions and sequence of procedures are to be determined by the manufacturer.  
1.3 The recommended terminology covers common meanings used by both textile technologists and consumers.  
1.4 This terminology is not applicable to unattached fabrics, such as slipcovers, used for covering furniture.  
1.5 When care labels are provided, a standardized terminology in a logical sequence facilitates the maximum disclosure of essential information in small label space and assists understanding of recommended care practices by the consumer.  
1.6 The use of either a permanent or a nonattached care instruction should not preclude the use of the alternative as an additional source of information to the consumer.  
1.7 The term “only” in any label term limits the procedure to the stated instruction.  
1.8 This terminology is unique to the care of textile floor coverings and upholstered furniture. Meanings of the same terms outside the industry can be found in other compilations or dictionaries of general usage.  
1.9 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, Terminology D5253 is also useful for managing the subcommittee's terminology.  
1.10 Terms listed are under the jurisdiction of SC D13.62.  
1.11 For definitions of refurbishing or care terms for apparel, textile, home furnishing, and leather products cleaned by laundering or dry cleaning methods, see Terminology D3136.  
1.12 For definitions of other textile terms, see Terminology D123.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Feb-2016
ICS
59.080.01 - Textiles in general
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.62 - Labeling
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D7267-19a - Standard Test Method for Edge Ravel Resistance of Finished Loop Pile, Pile Yarn Floor Covering
Effective Date
01-May-2019
Refers
ASTM D123-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Mar-2017
Refers
ASTM D7267-19 - Standard Test Method for Edge Ravel Resistance of Finished Loop Pile, Pile Yarn Floor Covering
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Refers
ASTM D123-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Apr-2015
Refers
ASTM D6322-15 - Standard Guide to International Test Methods Associated with Textile Care Procedures
Effective Date
01-Feb-2015
Refers
ASTM D123-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
01-Sep-2015
Refers
ASTM D123-15b - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
15-Sep-2015
Refers
ASTM D3938-18 - Standard Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instructions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
Effective Date
01-Jan-2018
Refers
ASTM D5489-18 - Standard Guide for Care Symbols for Care Instructions on Textile Products
Effective Date
01-Jan-2018
Refers
ASTM D6859-18 - Standard Test Method for Pile Thickness of Finished Level Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2018
Referred By
ASTM D7023-06(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
Effective Date
15-Feb-2016
Referred By
ASTM D123-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
Effective Date
15-Feb-2016

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ASTM D5253-04(2016) - Standard Terminology Relating to Floor Coverings and Textile Upholstered FurnitureASTM D5253-04(2016) - Standard Terminology Relating to Floor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture
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ASTM D5253-04(2016) - Standard Terminology Relating to Floor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5253 − 04 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Floor Coverings and Textile Upholstered Furniture
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5253; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.12 For definitions of other textile terms, see Terminology
D123.
1.1 This standard is a compilation of all terminology devel-
oped by Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling and related to
2. Referenced Documents
refurbishing or care of floor coverings and textile upholstered
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
furniture, excluding leather. These items cannot be refurbished
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
by the laundering and dry cleaning methods used for apparel
D3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,
and other domestic textile products.
Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather Products
1.2 This document defines terms for the care of textile floor
D3938 Guide for Determining or Confirming Care Instruc-
coverings and textile upholstered furniture. The exact care
tions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
instructions and sequence of procedures are to be determined
D5489 Guide for Care Symbols for Care Instructions on
by the manufacturer.
Textile Products
1.3 The recommended terminology covers common mean-
D6322 Guide to International Test MethodsAssociated with
ings used by both textile technologists and consumers.
Textile Care Procedures
D6719 Guide for Test Methods and Practices for Evaluating
1.4 This terminology is not applicable to unattached fabrics,
Pile Yarn Floor Covering
such as slipcovers, used for covering furniture.
D6859 Test Method for Pile Thickness of Finished Level
1.5 When care labels are provided, a standardized terminol-
Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
ogyinalogicalsequencefacilitatesthemaximumdisclosureof
D6962 Practice for Operation of a Roller Chair Tester for
essential information in small label space and assists under-
Pile Yarn Floor Coverings
standing of recommended care practices by the consumer.
D7241 Test Method for Pile Thickness of Finished Multi-
1.6 The use of either a permanent or a nonattached care
level Pile Yarn Floor Covering
instruction should not preclude the use of the alternative as an
D7267 Test Method for Edge Ravel Resistance of Finished
additional source of information to the consumer.
Loop Pile, Pile Yarn Floor Covering
D7330 Test Method for Assessment of Surface Appearance
1.7 The term “only” in any label term limits the procedure
to the stated instruction. ChangeinPileFloorCoveringsUsingStandardReference
Scales
1.8 This terminology is unique to the care of textile floor
D7570 Test Method for Evaluation of Dimensional Stability
coverings and upholstered furniture. Meanings of the same
of Pile Yarn Floor Covering
terms outside the industry can be found in other compilations
2.2 Other Document:
or dictionaries of general usage.
16 CFR, Part 423, As Amended Effective September 1,
1.9 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, Terminol-
2000 Federal Trade Commission Amendment to Trade
ogy D5253 is also useful for managing the subcommittee’s
Regulation Rule Concerning Care Labeling of Textile
terminology. 3
Wearing Apparel, and Certain Piece Goods
1.10 Terms listed are under the jurisdiction of SC D13.62.
3. Terminology
1.11 For definitions of refurbishing or care terms for
apparel, textile, home furnishing, and leather products cleaned absorbent compound, n—in textile cleaning, sponge-like
by laundering or dry cleaning methods, see Terminology particles which, when saturated with water or dry solvent
D3136.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.62 on Labeling. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2016. Published March 2016. Originally the ASTM website.
ɛ1
3
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5253 – 04(2010) . AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
DOI: 10.1520/D5253-04R16. 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D525
...

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ASTM D123-23(Terminology)
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1.1 This standard is the compilation of all terminology developed by Committee D13 on Textiles.  
1.1.1 This terminology, consists mostly of definitions, which are specific to the textile industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the textile industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.  
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1.4.4 Annex A3 Terminology Taken From D13 Standards That Have Been Withdrawn.  
1.4.5 Annex A4 Terminology Relating to Leather.  
1.4.6 Annex A5 Terminology Revision Procedures.  
1.4.7 Appendix X1 Other Sources of Textile Terminology.  
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5.1 This test method may be used for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments of yarns and cords.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples should be used that are as homogeneous as possible, that are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and that are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. Other materials with established test values may be used for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
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5.2.1 Retractive forces vary widely by polymer type, being almost nil within aramids and significant within most nylons. For example, the exposure of untensioned skeins of nylon yarn or cord to 95 to 100 % relative humidity at room temperature for two days and reconditioning under standard laboratory conditions will cause most of the length change that is possible at room temperature to occur within a sample. This reduction in length is accompanied by some lowering of thermal shrinkage force.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers preparation and procedures to measure the thermal shrinkage force of yarns and cords in air.  
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ASTM D7785-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Water in Lint Cotton by Oven Evaporation Combined with Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The water content of raw or lint cotton determined by this practice, calculated from the required volume of reagent, may be greater, equal to or less than the moisture content measured by standard oven drying methods. These differences may be of significance in commercial transactions (1-3)4 (see also Appendix X2). Water content by this method is not to be considered the same attribute as moisture content.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the total amount of water (free and bound) in raw and lint cotton at moisture equilibrium from conditioning in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles.
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1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary warnings see 9.1.  
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5.1 This practice is not recommended for acceptance testing because the information obtained is qualitative rather than quantitative in nature.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These practices are suitable for incorporation in a specification. Any reference to material or cushion specification in these practices shall mean any similar agreement between the purchaser and supplier relating to the inspection and acceptance of fabric intended for inflatable restraint use.  
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5.4 These practices acknowledge that, in the normal course of production, acceptable rolls of fabric will be produced containing imperfections; subsequently, pieces will be cut from the rolls and those pieces that contain imperfections restricted in Tables 1-5 will be culled at that time.  
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SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover procedures for the inspection and grading of coated and uncoated woven flat and one-piece woven (OPW) fabrics, and for the inspection and culling of cut parts made of such fabrics, all of which are used in the manufacture of inflatable restraint cushions.  
1.2 For ease of reference, the scope, summary of practice, significance and use, apparatus, sampling, procedure, and report sections are listed separately for each inspection practice.    
Inspection Practice  
Section  
Fabric Rolls  
7  
Cut Pieces & OPW  
8  
1.3 These practices can be used to distinguish those fabric imperfections that may adversely affect inflatable restraint cushion fabrication or performance from those imperfections that will not.  
1.4 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in these practices may be used by agreement of the purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from these practices acknowledged in the report.  
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5.1 Seam strength testing is used for design validation and for lot acceptance.  
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5.3 In cases of dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should perform comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens from the same lot of fabric to be evaluated, which utilize a like seam assembly (or standard seam assembly) to achieve seam interaction. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. If a bias is found, either its cause must be determined and corrected, or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
5.4 Test Method D5822 is a reliable test method but procedures which may require special attention are identified in the precision and bias section of this test method.
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of seam efficiency and the maximum seam strength in inflatable restraint cushions composed of woven fabrics when a force is applied perpendicular to the seam, using a grab test. For evaluating sewing thread, refer to Test Method D204.  
1.2 This test method is restricted to seams that are either obtained from an inflatable restraint cushion or prepared off-line, specifically for testing, using fabric blanks, not obtained from a previously sewn cushion assembly. Seams may include but are not limited to sewn, OPW, glued, sealed and sewn, or fused (chemically or thermally). This test method can be used for either lot testing of production cushions, or for research and development purposes.  
1.3 This test method is used when the measurement of a resistance to a specified force, a breaking force, a minimum elongation, or a combination thereof are required to determine the seam strength, or seam integrity of a particular fabric for inflatable restraint use.  
1.4 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this standard may be used by agreement between purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from the standard acknowledged in the report.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.  
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ASTM D4848-98(2018)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Related to Force, Deformation and Related Properties of Textiles

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions of technical terms related to force and deformation properties when evaluating a stress-strain curve of a textile. (See Figs. X1.1 and X1.2.) A chart showing the relationship of the basic terms is shown in Table 1. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 For other terms associated with textiles, refer to Terminology D123.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D629-15(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Qualitative and quantitative fiber identification is actively pursued by committee RA24 (Fiber Identification) of AATCC and presented in AATCC Test Methods 20 and 20A. Since precision and bias development is also part of the AATCC test methods, both AATCC and ASTM D13 have agreed that new development will take place in RA24. However, because there is valuable information still present in the ASTM standards, D13.51 has agreed Test MethodsD276 and D629 will be maintained as active standards by ASTM.  
5.2 Test Methods D629 for the determination of quantitative analysis of textiles may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments but caution is advised since information on between-laboratory precision is lacking. Comparative tests as directed in 5.2.1 or in Standard Tables D1909 may be advisable.  
5.2.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results using Test Methods D629 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimen should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing began. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.  
5.3 The effects of the various reagents used in the chemical methods on the residual fibers in a blend depend upon the history of the fibers and, unless otherwise stated, are generally too small o...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the determination of the fiber blend composition of mixtures of the fibers listed in 1.2. Procedures for quantitative estimation of the amount of moisture and certain nonfibrous materials in textiles are also described, for use in the analysis of mixtures, but these are not the primary methods for the determination of moisture content for commercial weights.  
1.2 These test methods cover procedures for the following fiber types:  
1.2.1 Natural Fibers:  
1.2.1.1 Cellulose-Base Fibers:  
Cotton
Hemp
Flax
Ramie
1.2.1.2 Protein-Base Fibers:  
Animal hairs (other than wool)
Silk, cultivated
Silk, Tussah
Wool  
1.2.2 Man-Made Fibers:  
1.2.2.1 Cellulose-Base Fibers:  
Acetate (secondary)
Rayon, viscose or cuprammonium
Triacetate
1.2.2.2 Synthetic-Base Fibers:  
Acrylic
Aramid
Modacrylic
Nylon 6, Nylon 6-6, others
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Polyester
Spandex  
1.3 These test methods include the following sections and tables:    
Section  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Methods  
4  
Uses and Significance  
5  
Sampling  
7  
Purity of Reagents  
6  
Moisture Content or Moisture Regain  
9  
Nonfibrous Materials  
8  
Mechanical Separation or Dissection  
10  
Chemical Test Methods:  
Summary of Methods  
11  
Specimens and Symbols  
12  
No. 1 Acetate Mixed With Other Fibers  
13  
No. 2 Modacrylic Mixed With Cellulosic Fiber or Wool  
14  
No. 3 Nylon 6 or Nylon 6-6 Mixed With Natural Fibers or Rayon  
15  
No. 4 Rayon Mixed With Cotton  
16  
No. 5 Wool or Polyester Mixed With Cellulosic Fibers or Silk  
17  
No. 6 Polyester or Acrylic Mixed With Wool  
18  
No. 7 Natural Cellulosic Material and Rayon Mixed With Acrylic, Modacrylic, and Polyester  
19  
No. 8 Polyester Mixed With Olefin  
20  
No. 9 Polyester Mixe...

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ASTM
ASTM D6419-00(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is the procedure of choice for determining volatile content of sheet-fed and coldset web offset inks. This information is useful to the ink manufacturer and user and to environmental interests as part of the determination of the mass of volatile organic compounds emitted from the ink.
Note 3: Since these inks do not contain water or any materials currently classified by US EPA as negligibly photochemically reactive (exempt solvents), volatile organic compound content is the same as volatile content. The volatile organic compounds in these inks are high boiling hydrocarbon oils which are, according to US EPA guidelines, 95 % retained in the printed substrate or oxidized into the ink film. Therefore, the mass of volatile organic compound emitted from the ink would be calculated as only 5 % of the volatile organic compound content of the ink as derived from the results of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determination of the weight percent volatile content of sheet-fed and coldset web offset printing inks. Test specimens are heated at 110 °C ± 1 °C for 60 min.
Note 1: Coldset web offset printing is often (also) referred to as non-heatset web offset printing.  
1.2 This test method is also applicable to sheet-fed and coldset web offset printing ink vehicles.
Note 2: Vehicle is the liquid portion of the printing ink. Any substance that is dissolved in the liquid portion of the ink is a part of the vehicle.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to ultra-violet (UV) or electron beam cured materials, which must be cured by exposure to UV light or an electron beam as part of the test for volatile content.  
1.4 This test method is based on Test Method D2369, in which the allowable ranges are ±0.1 g for specimen weight and ±5 °C for oven temperature. Interlaboratory studies have shown that specimen weight and oven temperature must both be more tightly controlled in order to improve the precision of test results for sheet-fed and coldset web-offset inks. Such inks typically contain a wide range of high-boiling hydrocarbons and often have a volatile content below 25 %.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement see 7.5.1  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D123-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles

SCOPE
1.1 This standard is the compilation of all terminology developed by Committee D13 on Textiles.  
1.1.1 This terminology, consists mostly of definitions, which are specific to the textile industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the textile industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.  
1.1.2 The specific D13 subcommittee (SC) which has jurisdictional responsibility for every item is the first attribution noted after the definition. The SC terminology standard in which all the terms and definitions appear is listed by number after the jurisdiction for the term. The wording of an entry cannot be changed without the approval of the subcommittee which has jurisdiction. Users of this compilation should also review the SC terminology standard listed for more details or interpretations of these terms and their use by the SC having jurisdiction.  
1.2 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, Terminology D123 is also a tool for managing the committee's terminology. This includes finding, eliminating, and preventing redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating the same concept are defined in different words. Redundancies can also occur when one definition is used for two or more terms.  
1.3 While the review for clarity and form are the responsibility of the terminology subcommittee, the concept of managing terminology is the broad responsibility of every writer of standards, specifically the task group leader and subcommittee chairman.  
1.4 Subsequent to a listing of specific subcommittee compilations, this standard is comprised of the following sections that are listed in the order in which they appear.  
1.4.1 Alphabetical listing of terms with definitions followed by SC attribution in brackets and SC terminology standard.  
1.4.2 Annex A1 Terms Relating to the Hand of Fabrics.  
1.4.3 Annex A2 Industry Accepted Synonyms.  
1.4.4 Annex A3 Terminology Taken From D13 Standards That Have Been Withdrawn.  
1.4.5 Annex A4 Terminology Relating to Leather.  
1.4.6 Annex A5 Terminology Revision Procedures.  
1.4.7 Appendix X1 Other Sources of Textile Terminology.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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