ASTM D5419-21

Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded Plastic Closures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method compares closures for ESCR. Suitable variables are: closure materials, closure designs, processes, applied torque, and stress-crack agents.  
5.2 Results can be used for estimating shelf life of closures in terms of ESCR. This requires that the user has calibrated failure time in this test to failure time in the field for actual packaging systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the susceptibility of threaded plastic closures to failure due to environmental stress cracking (ESC).  
1.2 In use, threaded plastic closures can contact agents that appreciably reduce the stress at which cracks form. Examples of such agents are: soaps, detergents, oils, and liquid bleaches.  
1.3 Major factors that influence environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) of threaded plastic closures include the closure material(s), closure design, molded-in stress, and applied stress.  
1.4 This procedure can be applied to all closures, but is particularly applicable to closures made from plastics based on polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS).  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and 6.2.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2021
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.19 - Film, Sheeting, and Molded Products

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5419 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded
1
Plastic Closures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method determines the susceptibility of
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
threaded plastic closures to failure due to environmental stress
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
cracking (ESC).
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
1.2 In use, threaded plastic closures can contact agents that
tics
appreciably reduce the stress at which cracks form. Examples
D2911Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for
of such agents are: soaps, detergents, oils, and liquid bleaches.
Plastic Bottles
E145Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
1.3 Major factors that influence environmental stress crack
Ventilation Ovens
resistance (ESCR) of threaded plastic closures include the
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
closure material(s), closure design, molded-in stress, and
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
applied stress.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.4 This procedure can be applied to all closures, but is
3. Terminology
particularlyapplicabletoclosuresmadefromplasticsbasedon
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this standard are defined in
polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS).
accordance with Terminology D883, unless otherwise speci-
1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
fied. Except for those terms below, see Terminology D1600.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
For terms relating to precision and bias and associated issues,
information only.
the terms used in this standard are defined in accordance with
Terminology E456.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 assembly—closure applied to a bottle finish.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2.2 failure—during this test, any visible crack.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—A crack does not have to penetrate the
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and
closure wall to be considered a failure.
6.2.
3.2.3 finish—fixturerepresentingthethreadedportionofthe
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. bottle.
3.2.4 threaded closure—part applied to seal bottle as speci-
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
fied in Specification D2911.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Summary of Test Method
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 This test method consists of applying closures at a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
specified application torque to rigid finishes (of polysulfone or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
other appropriate resin), immersing the assembly in a potential
stress-cracking agent, and observing and reporting time-to-
failure.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and
2
Molded Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published September 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5419–14a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5419-21. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5419 − 21
NOTE 1—Tolerances for Dimensions T, E, and S shall be in accordance with Specification D2911.
FIG. 1 Typical Fixture
5. Significance and Use willrupturewithexplosiveforce.Settheoverridecutoffswitch
toturnofftheovenifthetesttemperatureisexceededby10°C
5.1 This test method compares closures for ESCR. Suitable
or m
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5419 − 14a D5419 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded
1
Plastic Closures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method determines the susceptibility of threaded plastic closures to failure due to environmental stress cracking
(ESC).
1.2 In use, threaded plastic closures can contact agents that appreciably reduce the stress at which cracks form. Examples of such
agents are: soaps, detergents, oils, and liquid bleaches.
1.3 Major factors that influence environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) of threaded plastic closures include the closure
material(s), closure design, molded-in stress, and applied stress.
1.4 This procedure can be applied to all closures, but is particularly applicable to closures made from plastics based on
polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS).
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and 6.2.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and Molded
Products.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014Sept. 1, 2021. Published December 2014September 2021. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
D5419 – 14.D5419 – 14a. DOI: 10.1520/D5419-14A.10.1520/D5419-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5419 − 21
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D2911 Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this standard are defined in accordance with Terminology D883, unless otherwise specified. Except
for those terms below, see TerminologiesTerminology D883D1600 and . For terms relating to precision and bias and associated
issues, the terms used in this standard are defined in accordance with Terminology D1600E456.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 assembly—closure applied to a bottle finish.
3.2.2 failure—during this test, any visible crack.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
A crack does not have to penetrate the closure wall to be considered a failure.
3.2.3 finish—fixture representing the threaded portion of the bottle.
3.2.4 threaded closure—part applied to seal bottle as specified in Specification D2911.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of applying closures at a specified application torque to rigid finishes (of polysulfone or other
appropriate resin), immersing the assembly in a potential stress-cracking agent, and observing and reporting time-to-failure.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method com
...