ASTM D5236-03(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill Method)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on heavy hydrocarbon mixtures to characterize these materials for a refiner or a purchaser. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges.
The fractions made by this test method can be used alone or in combination with other fractions to produce samples for analytical studies and quality evaluations.
Residues to be used in the manufacture of asphalt can also be made but may not always be suitable. The long heat soaking that occurs in this test method may alter some of the properties.
Note 1— While the practice of reblending distillates with residue can be done to produce a lighter residue, it is not recommended because it produces blends with irregular properties.
Details of cutpoints must be mutually agreed upon before the test begins.
This is a complex procedure involving many interacting variables. It is most important that at the time of first use of a new apparatus, its components be checked as detailed in Annex A1 and Annex A2 and that the location of the vapor temperature sensor be verified as detailed in 6.5.3 and Fig. 1.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for distillation of heavy hydrocarbon mixtures having initial boiling points greater than 150°C (300°F), such as heavy crude oils, petroleum distillates, residues, and synthetic mixtures. It employs a potstill with a low pressure drop entrainment separator operated under total takeoff conditions. Distillation conditions and equipment performance criteria are specified and typical apparatus is illustrated.
1.2 This test method details the procedures for the production of distillate fractions of standardized quality in the gas oil and lubricating oil range as well as the production of standard residue. In addition, it provides for the determination of standard distillation curves to the highest atmospheric equivalent temperature possible by conventional distillation.
1.3 The maximum achievable atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET) is dependent upon the heat tolerance of the charge. For most samples, a temperature up to 565°C (1050°F) can be attained. This maximum will be significantly lower for heat sensitive samples (for example, heavy residues) and might be somewhat higher for nonheat sensitive samples.
1.4 The recommended distillation method for crude oils up to cutpoint 400°C (752°F) AET is Test Method D 2892. This test method can be used for heavy crude oils with initial boiling points greater than 150°C (302°F). However, distillation curves and fraction qualities obtained by these methods are not comparable.
1.5 This test method contains the following annexes:
1.5.1 Annex A1—Test Method for Determination of Temperature Response Time,
1.5.2 Annex A2—Practice for Calibration of Sensors,
1.5.3 Annex A3—Test Method for Dehydration of a Wet Sample of Oil,
1.5.4 Annex A4—Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET), and
1.5.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of Wettage.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see 6.5.4.2, 6.5.6.3, 6.9.3, 9.5, 9.7, and A2.3.1.3.
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Designation:D5236–03 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of Wet-
tage.
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for distillation of
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
heavy hydrocarbon mixtures having initial boiling points
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
greater than 150°C (300°F), such as heavy crude oils, petro-
only.
leum distillates, residues, and synthetic mixtures. It employs a
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
potstill with a low pressure drop entrainment separator oper-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ated under total takeoff conditions. Distillation conditions and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
equipment performance criteria are specified and typical appa-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ratus is illustrated.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
1.2 This test method details the procedures for the produc-
warnings, see 6.5.4.2, 6.5.6.3, 6.9.3, 9.5, 9.7, and A2.3.1.3.
tion of distillate fractions of standardized quality in the gas oil
and lubricating oil range as well as the production of standard
2. Referenced Documents
residue. In addition, it provides for the determination of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
standard distillation curves to the highest atmospheric equiva-
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
lent temperature possible by conventional distillation.
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-
1.3 The maximum achievable atmospheric equivalent tem-
3
eter
perature (AET) is dependent upon the heat tolerance of the
D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
charge.Formostsamples,atemperatureupto565°C(1050°F)
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
can be attained. This maximum will be significantly lower for
D1250 GuideforUseofthePetroleumMeasurementTables
heatsensitivesamples(forexample,heavyresidues)andmight
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
be somewhat higher for nonheat sensitive samples.
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
1.4 The recommended distillation method for crude oils up
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
to cutpoint 400°C (752°F) AET is Test Method D2892. This
D1480 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
testmethodcanbeusedforheavycrudeoilswithinitialboiling
cific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pycnom-
pointsgreaterthan150°C(302°F).However,distillationcurves
eter
and fraction qualities obtained by these methods are not
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
comparable.
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
1.5 This test method contains the following annexes:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.5.1 Annex A1—Test Method for Determination of Tem-
Petroleum Products
perature Response Time,
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.5.2 Annex A2—Practice for Calibration of Sensors,
Petroleum Products
1.5.3 Annex A3—Test Method for Dehydration of a Wet
D5002 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
Sample of Oil,
Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
1.5.4 Annex A4—Practice for Conversion of Observed Va-
por Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
3. Terminology
(AET), and
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
2
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
D02.08 on Volatility. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5236–03. DOI: the ASTM website.
3
10.1520/D5236-03R07. Withdrawn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5236–03 (2007)
3.1.1 boil-up rate, n—the quantity of vapor entering the 4.4 Distillation curves of temperature versus mass or vol-
distillation head per unit time. ume percent, or both, are drawn using the
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5236–02 Designation:D5236–03 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope *
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for distillation of heavy hydrocarbon mixtures having initial boiling points greater
than 150°C (300°F), such as heavy crude oils, petroleum distillates, residues, and synthetic mixtures. It employs a potstill with a
low pressure drop entrainment separator operated under total takeoff conditions. Distillation conditions and equipment
performance criteria are specified and typical apparatus is illustrated.
1.2 This test method details the procedures for the production of distillate fractions of standardized quality in the gas oil and
lubricating oil range as well as the production of standard residue. In addition, it provides for the determination of standard
distillation curves to the highest atmospheric equivalent temperature possible by conventional distillation.
1.3 The maximum achievable atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET) is dependent upon the heat tolerance of the charge.
For most samples, a temperature up to 565°C (10570°F)(1050°F) can be attained. This maximum will be significantly lower for
heat sensitive samples (for example, heavy residues) and might be somewhat higher for nonheat sensitive samples.
1.4 The recommended distillation method for crude oils up to cutpoint 400°C (752°F) AET is Test Method D2892. This test
method can be used for heavy crude oils with initial boiling points greater than 150°C (302°F). However, distillation curves and
fraction qualities obtained by these methods are not comparable.
1.5 This test method contains the following annexes:
1.5.1 Annex A1—Test Method for Determination of Temperature Response Time,
1.5.2 Annex A2—Practice for Calibration of Sensors,
1.5.3 Annex A3—Test Method for Dehydration of a Wet Sample of Oil,
1.5.4 Annex A4—Practice for Conversion of ObservedVaporTemperature toAtmospheric EquivalentTemperature (AET), and
1.5.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of Wettage.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units values given in parentheses are
provided for information purposes only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see 6.5.4.2, 6.5.6.3, 6.9.3, 9.5, 9.7, and A2.3.1.3.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer
3
D1160Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
,
3
D1250Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
D1298 TestMethodforDensity,RelativeDensity(SpecificGravity),orAPIGravityofCrudePetroleumandLiquidPetroleum
Products by Hydrometer Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.08.0C
on Crude Distillation.
Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published July 2002. Originally published as D5236–92. Last previous edition D5236–01.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.08 on
Volatility.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5236–03.
2
Discontinued; see 1993 Annual Book of ASTM Standards , Vol 05.01.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
Withdrawn.
*A Summary of Chang
...
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