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ASTM D1722-09(2023)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble Solvents

Standard Test Method for Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble Solvents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Water-insoluble materials present in a solvent expected to be completely water miscible may interfere with many uses of the solvent. This test method provides a measure of the miscibility of water-soluble solvents with a polar medium-water. It also provides a qualitative indication of the presence or absence of water-immiscible contaminants.  
4.2 The results of this test method may be used in assessing compliance with a specification. Prior to agreeing to this test method as the basis of a specification requirement, it may be desirable that the interpretation of what constitutes cloudiness or turbidity be agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the miscibility of water-soluble solvents with water. While written specifically for testing acetone, isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol), and methyl alcohol (methanol), the method is suitable for testing most water-soluble solvents.  
1.2 This test method serves to detect water-immiscible contaminants qualitatively; the level of detection of these impurities varies widely with both the type of solvent and the type of impurity.  
1.3 The level of detection of water-insoluble materials depends upon the solvent tested and the type of impurity or impurities present, that is paraffin, olefin, aromatic, high molecular weight alcohol, or ketone, etc. There is, therefore, no specific level of impurity detected by this procedure.  
Note 1: This test method is normally performed at ambient, but other temperatures may be used as specified by the consumer and supplier.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this test method.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Jun-2023
ICS
71.080.01 - Organic chemicals in general
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.35 - Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1193-06 - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
Effective Date
01-Mar-2006
Refers
ASTM D1193-99e1 - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
Effective Date
10-Feb-1999
Refers
ASTM D1193-99 - Standard Specification for Reagent Water
Effective Date
10-Feb-1999

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ASTM D1722-09(2023) - Standard Test Method for Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble SolventsASTM D1722-09(2023) - Standard Test Method for Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble Solvents
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ASTM D1722-09(2023) - Standard Test Method for Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble Solvents
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1722 − 09 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble Solvents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1722; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the misci- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
bility of water-soluble solvents with water. While written D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
specifically for testing acetone, isopropyl alcohol
3. Summary of Method
(isopropanol), and methyl alcohol (methanol), the method is
suitable for testing most water-soluble solvents.
3.1 The specimen is diluted to 10 volumes with water and
the resulting mixture examined for cloudiness or turbidity.
1.2 This test method serves to detect water-immiscible
contaminants qualitatively; the level of detection of these
4. Significance and Use
impurities varies widely with both the type of solvent and the
4.1 Water-insoluble materials present in a solvent expected
type of impurity.
to be completely water miscible may interfere with many uses
1.3 The level of detection of water-insoluble materials
of the solvent. This test method provides a measure of the
depends upon the solvent tested and the type of impurity or
miscibility of water-soluble solvents with a polar medium-
impurities present, that is paraffin, olefin, aromatic, high
water. It also provides a qualitative indication of the presence
molecular weight alcohol, or ketone, etc. There is, therefore, no
or absence of water-immiscible contaminants.
specific level of impurity detected by this procedure.
4.2 The results of this test method may be used in assessing
NOTE 1—This test method is normally performed at ambient, but other
compliance with a specification. Prior to agreeing to this test
temperatures may be used as specified by the consumer and supplier.
method as the basis of a specification requirement, it may be
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
desirable that the interpretation of what constitutes cloudiness
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
or turbidity be agreed upon between the supplier and the
standard.
purchaser.
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult
5. Apparatus
the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this test
method. 5.1 Cylinder, graduated, glass-stoppered, 250 mL.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6. Reagent
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6.1 Water—References to water shall be understood to mean
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
reagent water conforming to Type IV or better of Specification
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D1193.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
7. Procedure
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
7.1 Transfer 2
...

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4.1 The coulometric technique is especially suited for determining low concentrations of water in organic liquids that would yield small titers by the Karl Fischer volumetric procedure. The precision and accuracy of the coulometric technique decreases for concentrations of water much greater than 2.0 % because of the difficulty in measuring the small size of sample required. The test method assumes 100 % efficiency of coulombs in iodine production. Provision is made for verifying this efficiency. (See Table 1 and Note 5.)
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of water from 0 % to 2.0 % mass in most liquid organic chemicals, with Karl Fischer reagent, using an automated coulometric titration procedure. Use of this test method is not applicable for liquefied gas products such as Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG), Butane, Propane, Liquid Natural Gas (LNG), etc.  
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5.1 This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on heavy hydrocarbon mixtures to characterize these materials for a refiner or a purchaser. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges.  
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5.1 Autoignition, by its very nature, is dependent on the chemical and physical properties of the material and the method and apparatus employed for its determination. The autoignition temperature by a given method does not necessarily represent the minimum temperature at which a given material will self-ignite in air. The volume of the vessel used is particularly important since lower autoignition temperatures will be achieved in larger vessels. (See Appendix X2.) Vessel material can also be an important factor.  
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5.1 The aniline point (or mixed aniline point) is useful as an aid in the characterization of pure hydrocarbons and in the analysis of hydrocarbon mixtures. Aromatic hydrocarbons exhibit the lowest, and paraffins the highest values. Cycloparaffins and olefins exhibit values that lie between those for paraffins and aromatics. In homologous series the aniline points increase with increasing molecular weight. Although it occasionally is used in combination with other physical properties in correlative methods for hydrocarbon analysis, the aniline point is most often used to provide an estimate of the aromatic hydrocarbon content of mixtures.
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1.2 These test methods also cover the determination of the mixed aniline point of petroleum products and hydrocarbon solvents having aniline points below the temperature at which aniline will crystallize from the aniline-sample mixture.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Terminology Relating to Industrial and Specialty Chemicals

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1.1 This standard covers terminology relating to industrial and specialty chemicals. It is intended to provide an understanding of terms commonly used in test methods, practices, and specifications throughout the industry.  
Note 1: The boldface numbers following each definition refer to E15 standards in which the definition appears. Lightface numbers refer to the E15 subcommittee having jurisdiction.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6875-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Solidification Point of Industrial Organic Chemicals by Thermistor

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5.1 This test method may be used for process control during the manufacture of organic chemicals described in Section 1, for setting specifications, for development and research work, and to determine if contamination was introduced during shipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a general procedure for determining the solidification point of most organic chemicals having appreciable heats of fusion and solidification points between 4 °C and 41 °C.
Note 1: Other test methods for determining freeze point and solidification point of aromatic hydrocarbons include Test Methods D852, D1015, D1016, D3799, D4493, and D6269.  
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1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this test method: for purposes of determining conformance with applicable specifications using this test method, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the “rounding-off method” of Practice E29.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 8, Hazards.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 It has long been recognized that narrow melting range and high final melting point are good indications of high purity in crystalline organic compounds. Several ASTM test methods use these criteria to assay the purity of organic compounds (Note 1).
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5.2 The relatively simple and rapid test prescribed in this test method shows the sample under test to be either more or less pure than the standard sample. For specification purposes, a minimum allowable purity can be assured by setting limits on the differences in final melting points and the melting ranges between the standard sample and the sample under test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by a capillary tube method, of the initial melting point and the final melting point, which define the melting range, of samples of organic chemicals whose melting points without decomposition fall between 30 °C and 250 °C.  
1.2 This test method is applicable only to crystalline materials that are sufficiently stable in storage to met the requirements of a satisfactory standard sample as defined in Section 7.  
1.3 This test method is not directly applicable to opaque materials or to noncrystalline materials such as waxes, fats, and fatty acids.  
1.4 Review the current Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, handling, and safety precautions.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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5.1 Oxidative induction time is a relative measure of the degree of oxidative stability of the material evaluated at the isothermal temperature of the test. The presence, quantity or effectiveness of antioxidants may be determined by this method. The OIT values thus obtained may be compared from one hydrocarbon to another or to a reference material to obtain relative oxidative stability information.  
5.2 Typical uses include the oxidative stability of edible oils and fats (oxidative rancidity), lubricants, greases, and polyolefins.
SCOPE
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1.2 Test Method A—A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is used at ambient pressure, for example, about 100 kPa of oxygen.  
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