ASTM E1877-00(2005)

Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a material.
This practice is useful for quality control, specification acceptance and research.
This practice shall not be used for product lifetime predications unless a correlation between test results and actual lifetime has been demonstrated. In many cases, multiple mechanisms occur during the decomposition of a material, with one mechanism dominating over one temperature range, and a different mechanism dominating in a different temperature range. Users of this practice are cautioned to demonstrate for their system that any temperature extrapolations are technically sound.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers additional treatment of the Arrhenius activation energy data determined by Test Method E 1641 to develop a thermal endurance curve and derive a relative thermal index for materials.
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a well-defined decomposition profile, namely a smooth, continuous mass change with a single maximum rate.
1.3 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2005
• ICS: 71.040.40 - Chemical analysis
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.10 - Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1877-00 - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM E1877-00(2010) - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2958-21 - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Factor Jump/Modulated Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2005
• Referred By: ASTM E1641-23 - Standard Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermogravimetry Using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall Method
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E1877–00(Reapproved2005)
Standard Practice for
Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from
Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope which the material resists changes in its properties over a
defined period of time. In the absence of comparison data for
1.1 This practice covers additional treatment of the Arrhe-
a control material, a time-to-failure of 60 000 h has been
nius activation energy data determined by Test Method E1641
arbitrarilyselectedformeasuringRTI.TheRTIistherefore,the
to develop a thermal endurance curve and derive a relative
failure temperature, T, obtained from the thermal endurance
f
thermal index for materials.
curve.
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a
well-defined decomposition profile, namely a smooth, continu-
4. Summary of Practice
ous mass change with a single maximum rate.
4.1 The Arrhenius activation energy obtained from Test
1.3 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.
Method E1641 is used to construct the thermal endurance
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
curve of a material from which an estimate of lifetime at
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
certain temperatures may be obtained.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the
determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a
2. Referenced Documents
material.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 This practice is useful for quality control, specification
E1641 Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Ther-
acceptance and research.
mogravimetry
5.3 This practice shall not be used for product lifetime
3. Terminology predicationsunlessacorrelationbetweentestresultsandactual
lifetime has been demonstrated. In many cases, multiple
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mechanisms occur during the decomposition of a material,
3.1.1 failure, n—change in some chemical, physical, me-
with one mechanism dominating over one temperature range,
chanical, electrical or other property of sufficient magnitude to
and a different mechanism dominating in a different tempera-
make it unsuitable for a particular use.
ture range. Users of this practice are cautioned to demonstrate
3.1.2 failure temperature (T ), n—the temperature at which
f
for their system that any temperature extrapolations are tech-
a material fails after a selected time.
nically sound.
3.1.3 relative thermal index (RTI), n—a measure of the
thermal endurance of a material when compared with that of a
6. Calculation
controlwithproventhermalendurancecharacteristics.TheRTI
6.1 The following values obtained by Test Method E1641
is also considered to be the maximum temperature below
are used to calculate thermal endurance, estimated thermal life
and failure temperature.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee E37 on Thermal Measure-
6.1.1 The following definitions apply to 6.1 and 6.3:
ments and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental,
6.1.1.1 E = Arrhenius activation energy (J/mol),
Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
6.1.1.2 R = Universal gas constant (= 8.314 510 J/(mol K)),
Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E1877 – 00. DOI:
6.1.1.3 b = Heating rate (K/min),
10.1520/E1877-00R05.
6.1.1.4 b8 = Heating rate nearest the mid-point of the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
experimental heating rates (K/min),
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1.1.5 a = Approximation integral taken from Table 1,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
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E1877–00 (2005)
TABLE 1 Numerical Integration Constants
log t 5 E / ~2.303RT ! 1 log [E /~R b!# – a (1)
f f
E/RT a
T 5 E / ~2.303 R [log t – log E / ~R b! 1 a]! (2)
8 5.3699 $
f f
9 5.8980
6.2.1 To calculate t, select the value for the temperature at
10 6.4157 f
11 6.9276 the constant conversion point (T ) for a heating rate (b) nearest
c
12 7.4327
the mid-point of the experimental heating rates. Use this value,
13 7.9323
along with theArrhenius activation energy (E) to calculate the
14 8.4273
, ,
4 5 6
15 8.9182 quantity E/(RT ) to select the value inTable 1. Arbitrarily
c
16 9.4056
select a number of temperatures in the region of the chosen
17 9.8900
percent mass loss, indicative of failure, in the mass change
18 10.3716
...