ASTM D4292-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Vibrated Bulk Density of Calcined Petroleum Coke
Standard Test Method for Determination of Vibrated Bulk Density of Calcined Petroleum Coke
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Vibrated bulk density, VBD, is an indicator of calcined petroleum coke porosity, which affects its suitability for use in pitch-bonded carbon applications. (Warning—Vibrated bulk density for a sample of calcined petroleum coke is strongly dependent upon average particle size and particle size range. Bulk density tends to increase with decreasing coke size. A narrow particle size range for this test minimizes the possibility for variation due to skewing of the test sample toward either screen defining the sample. Particle size range tested should be agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier.)
Note 1: An example of the use of VBD to characterize coke for prebaked anodes for aluminum smelting is reported by Belitskus3 who found particles passing through a 0.59 mm opening, No. 30, sieve and retained on a 0.30 mm opening, No. 50, sieve to be preferred. Other popular ranges are particles passing through a 2.36 mm opening, No. 8, sieve and retained on a 1.17 mm opening, No. 16, sieve for the continuous Soderberg anode process and particles passing through a 6.68 mm opening sieve (equivalent to a 0.265 in. USA Series) and retained on a 3.33 mm opening, No. 6, sieve for graphite electrode manufacture.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of bulk density of a representative 2 kg sample of calcined petroleum coke, after vibration to increase compaction.
1.2 The procedure is limited to particles passing through a 6.68 mm opening sieve (equivalent to a 0.265 in. USA Series) and retained on a 0.21 mm opening sieve (equivalent to a 70 mesh USA Series). Further, the procedure is limited to a specific test sample having particles retained between screens having openings that differ by a factor of less than and preferably less than 2.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4292 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Vibrated Bulk Density of Calcined
1
Petroleum Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4292; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
of Coal
1.1 This test method covers the determination of bulk
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
density of a representative 2 kg sample of calcined petroleum
Petroleum Products
coke, after vibration to increase compaction.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
1.2 The procedure is limited to particles passing through a
Fuels, and Lubricants
6.68 mm opening sieve (equivalent to a 0.265 in. USA Series)
D5709 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Petroleum Coke
and retained on a 0.21 mm opening sieve (equivalent to a
D6969 Practice for Preparation of Calcined Petroleum Coke
70 mesh USA Series). Further, the procedure is limited to a
Samples for Analysis
specific test sample having particles retained between screens
D6970 Practice for Collection of Calcined Petroleum Coke
having openings that differ by a factor of less than 2=2 and
Samples for Analysis
preferably less than 2.
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Sieves
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3. Terminology
standard.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to Terminology D4175.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2.1 as-calcined particles, n—of coke, those particles that
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
have not been subject to laboratory crushing.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2 bulk density, n—of coke, the ratio of the mass of a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
collection of particles of a specified particle size range to the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
volume occupied.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.3 gross sample, n—the original, uncrushed, representa-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tive portion taken from a shipment or lot of coke.
3.2.4 laboratory crushed particles, n—of coke, those par-
2. Referenced Documents
ticles of petroleum coke that have been crushed in the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
laboratory.
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke
4. Summary of Test Method
Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
4.1 After appropriate crushing of the calcined coke, using
both the jaw crusher and roll crusher, the test volume of 100 g
is measured after vibration and the bulk density is calculated.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5. Significance and Use
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
5.1 Vibrated bulk density, VBD, is an indicator of calcined
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
petroleum coke porosity, which affects its suitability for use in
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D4292 – 17. DOI:
10.1520/D4292-23.
pitch-bonded carbon applications. (Warning—Vibrated bulk
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
density for a sample of calcined petroleum coke is strongly
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
dependent upon average particle size and particle size range.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Bulk density tends to increase with decreasing coke size. A
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4292 − 23
narrow particle size range for this test minimizes the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4292 − 17 D4292 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Vibrated Bulk Density of Calcined
1
Petroleum Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4292; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of bulk density of a representative 2 kg sample of calcined petroleum coke, after
vibration to increase compaction.
1.2 The procedure is limited to particles passing through a 6.68 mm opening sieve (equivalent to a 0.265 in. USA Series) and
retained on a 0.21 mm opening sieve (equivalent to a 70 mesh USA Series). Further, the procedure is limited to a specific test
sample having particles retained between screens having openings that differ by a factor of less than 2=2 and preferably less than
2.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D5709 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Petroleum Coke
D6969 Practice for Preparation of Calcined Petroleum Coke Samples for Analysis
D6970 Practice for Collection of Calcined Petroleum Coke Samples for Analysis
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017Nov. 1, 2023. Published January 2018November 2023. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20102017
as D4292 – 10.D4292 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D4292-17.10.1520/D4292-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4292 − 23
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 as-calcined particles, n—of coke, those particles that have not been subject to laboratory crushing.
3.2.2 bulk density, n—of coke, the ratio of the mass of a collection of particles of a specified particle size range to the volume
occupied.
3.2.3 gross sample, n—the original, uncrushed, representative portion taken from a shipment or lot of coke.
3.2.4 laboratory crushed particles, n—of coke, those particles of petroleum coke that have been crushed in the laboratory.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 After appropriate crushing of the calcined coke, using both the jaw crusher and roll crusher, the test volume of 100 g is
measured after vibration and the bulk density is calculated.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Vibrated bulk density, VBD, is an indicator of calcined petroleum coke porosity, which affects its suitability for use in
pitch-bonded carbon applications. (Warning—Vibrated bulk density for a sample of calcined petroleum coke is strongly de
...
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