iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM C1688/C1688M-14a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Density and Void Content of Freshly Mixed Pervious Concrete (Withdrawn 2023)

Standard Test Method for Density and Void Content of Freshly Mixed Pervious Concrete (Withdrawn 2023)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure for determining the density and void content of freshly mixed pervious concrete.  
5.2 This test method is applicable to pervious concrete mixtures containing coarse aggregate with a nominal maximum size of 25 mm [1 in.] or smaller.  
5.3 The measured fresh density may be used as verification of mixture proportions.  
5.4 This method uses a standard consolidation procedure to measure fresh density and void content of a pervious concrete mixture as delivered. Test results are not intended to represent the density and void content of the in-place pervious concrete. This method shall not be used to determine the in-place void content or yield of the pervious concrete.  
5.5 The fresh density and void content calculated from this test method may be different when comparing the results from Procedure A with Procedure B. Results are only comparable when obtained using the same procedure (Procedure A or B).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determining the density of freshly mixed pervious concrete under standardized conditions and gives formulas for calculating the void content of pervious concrete. Test results are not intended to represent the in-place density and void content.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers determining the density of freshly mixed pervious concrete under standardized conditions and gives formulas for calculating the void content of pervious concrete. Test results are not intended to represent the in-place density and void content.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates, this test method was withdrawn in January 2023 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
30-Sep-2014
Withdrawal Date
08-Jan-2023
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.49 - Pervious Concrete
Current Stage
Ref Project

Buy Standard

ASTM C1688/C1688M-14a - Standard Test Method for Density and Void Content of Freshly Mixed Pervious Concrete (Withdrawn 2023)ASTM C1688/C1688M-14a - Standard Test Method for Density and Void Content of Freshly Mixed Pervious Concrete (Withdrawn 2023)
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM C1688/C1688M-14a - Standard Test Method for Density and Void Content of Freshly Mixed Pervious Concrete (Withdrawn 2023)
English language
4 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1688/C1688M − 14a
Standard Test Method for
Density and Void Content of Freshly Mixed Pervious
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1688/C1688M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* and Voids in Aggregate
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
1.1 This test method covers determining the density of
gregates
freshly mixed pervious concrete under standardized conditions
C127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
and gives formulas for calculating the void content of pervious
and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
concrete. Test results are not intended to represent the in-place
C128 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
density and void content.
and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
C172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
crete
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
with the standard.
Specimens in the Laboratory
C231/C231M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Concrete by the Pressure Method
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
2
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. ) Concrete and Mortars
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and
Cement
footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes
C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
and footnotes (excluding those in tables) shall not be consid-
Mixtures
ered as requirements of this test method.
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
3
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft (600
2. Referenced Documents
3
kN-m/m ))
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D6926 Practice for Preparation of Asphalt Mixture Speci-
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
mens Using Marshall Apparatus
3. Terminology
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3.1 Definitions:
C09.49 on Pervious Concrete.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1688/C1688M – 14. Terminology C125.
DOI: 10.1520/C1688_C1688M-14A.
2
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3.2.1 concrete, pervious, n—hydraulic cement concrete pro-
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
portioned with sufficient, distributed, interconnected macro-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
scopic voids that allow water to flow through the material
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. under the action of gravity alone.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1688/C1688M − 14a
3.3 Symbols: 6.4 Measure—Acylindrical container made of steel or other
3
3 3
suitable metal with a capacity of 7.0 6 0.6 L [0.25 6 0.02 ft ]
D = density (unit weight) of concrete kg/m [lb ⁄ft ]
M = total mass of all materials batched, kg [lb] (see Note 1)
and a diameter equal to 0.75 to 1.25 times the height (See Note
s
M = mass of the measure filled with concrete, kg [lb]
c
2).Thevolumeo
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM C1797-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Ground Calcium Carbonate and Aggregate Mineral Fillers for use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers ground calcium carbonate (GCC, a type of ground limestone) and other finely divided aggregate mineral filler (AMF) materials for use in concrete mixtures. It defines the types of GCC and AMF materials for use in concrete. If concrete in service is subject to sulfate exposure, fillers derived from ground limestone should not be used unless mitigation methods are used.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A1.3 Significance and Use
A1.3.1 This test method provides analytical procedures to determine the major chemical constituents of limestone (see Note 1). The percentages of specific constituents that determine a material’s quality or fitness for use are of significance depending upon the purpose or end use of the material. Results obtained may be used in relation to specification requirements.
Note A1.1: This test method can be applied to other calcareous materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification applies to ground calcium carbonate (GCC is a type of ground limestone) and other finely divided aggregate mineral filler (AMF) materials for use in concrete mixtures. The specification defines the types of GCC and AMF materials for use in concrete.  
1.2 If concrete in service is subject to sulfate exposure, fillers derived from ground limestone should not be used unless mitigation methods are used.
Note 1: American Concrete Institute (ACI) technical documents 201.2R, 318, 332, and 350 contain useful information and code requirements dealing with sulfate exposure in service. Soluble sulfate in water can be determined in accordance with Test Method D516 or Test Method D4130. Percent sulfate by mass in soil can be determined by Test Method C1580.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
Note 2: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1116/C1116M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers all forms of fiber-reinforced concrete that are delivered to a purchaser with the ingredients uniformly mixed. This specification may also apply to fiber-reinforced concrete intended for shotcreting by the dry-mix process when sampling and testing is possible at the point of placement. It, however, does not cover the placement, consolidation, curing, or protection of the fiber-reinforced concrete after delivery to the purchaser. Materials are classified according to the type of fiber incorporated, which are: Type I, steel fiber-reinforced concrete that contains stainless, alloy, or carbon steel fibers; Type II, glass fiber-reinforced concrete that contains alkali-resistant glass fibers; Type III, synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete that contains synthetic fibers; and Type IV, natural fiber-reinforced concrete that contains cellulose fibers. The fiber-reinforced concretes shall be furnish either by batch mixing or continuous mixing, and shall be free of fiber balls when delivered to the point designated by the purchaser. Tolerances, acceptance criteria, and performance requirements for workability and air content are discussed thoroughly.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers most forms of fiber-reinforced concrete manufactured in accordance with Specification C94/C94M or Specification C685/C685M as modified herein. It does not cover the placement, consolidation, curing, or protection of the fiber-reinforced concrete after delivery to the purchaser.  
1.2 Certain sections of this specification are also applicable to fiber-reinforced concrete intended for shotcreting by the dry-mix or to zero-slump, and fiber-reinforced concrete used to manufacture precast elements. In these cases, the sections dealing with batching plant, mixing equipment, mixing and delivery, and measurement of workability and air content, are not applicable.  
1.3 This specification does not cover thin-section glass fiber-reinforced concrete manufactured by the spray-up process that is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee C27.40.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 If required results obtained from another standard are not reported in the same system of units as used by this standard, it is permitted to convert those results using the conversion factors found in the SI Quick Reference Guide.2  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)3  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C33/C33M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for grading and quality of fine and coarse aggregate for use in concrete. Fine aggregate shall consist of natural sand, manufactured sand, or a combination thereof. Fine aggregate shall be free of injurious amounts of organic impurities. Fine aggregate for use in concrete that will be subject to wetting, extended exposure to humid atmosphere, or contact with moist ground shall not contain any materials that are deleteriously reactive with the alkalis in the cement in amount sufficient to cause excessive expansion of mortar or concrete. Fine aggregate subjected to five cycles of the soundness test shall have a required weighted average loss. Coarse aggregate shall consist of gravel, crushed gravel, crushed stone, air-cooled blast furnace slag, or crushed hydraulic-cement concrete, or a combination thereof. The sampling and test methods shall be done with grading and fineness modulus test, organic impurities test, effect of organic impurities on strength test, soundness test, clay lumps and friable particles test, coal and lignite test, bulk density of slag test, abrasion of coarse aggregate test, reactive aggregate test, freezing and thawing test, and chert test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines the requirements for grading and quality of fine and coarse aggregate (other than lightweight or heavyweight aggregate) for use in concrete.2  
1.2 This specification is for use by a contractor, concrete supplier, or other purchaser as part of the purchase document describing the material to be furnished.  
Note 1: This specification is regarded as adequate to ensure satisfactory materials for most concrete. It is recognized that, for certain work or in certain regions, it may be either more or less restrictive than needed. For example, where aesthetics are important, more restrictive limits may be considered regarding impurities that would stain the concrete surface. The specifier should ascertain that aggregates specified are or can be made available in the area of the work, with regard to grading, physical, or chemical properties, or combination thereof.  
1.3 This specification is also for use in project specifications to define the quality of aggregate, the nominal maximum size of the aggregate, and other specific grading requirements. Those responsible for selecting the proportions for the concrete mixture shall have the responsibility of determining the proportions of fine and coarse aggregate and the addition of blending aggregate sizes if required or approved.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C94/C94M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers ready-mixed concrete manufactured and delivered to a purchaser in freshly mixed and unhardened state as hereinafter specified. Requirements for quality of concrete shall be either as hereinafter specified or as specified by the purchase. In any case where the requirements of the purchaser differ from these in this specification, the purchaser's specification shall govern. In the absence of designated applicable materials specifications, materials specifications specified shall be used for cementitious materials, hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious materials, cementitious concrete mixtures, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, and chemical admixtures. Except as otherwise specifically permitted, cement, aggregate, and admixtures shall be measured by mass. Mixers will be stationary mixers or truck mixers. Agitators will be truck mixers or truck agitators. Test methods for compression, air content, slump, temperature shall be performed. For s strength test, at least two standard test specimens shall be made.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers ready-mixed concrete as defined in 3.2.2 (Note 1). Requirements for quality of ready-mixed concrete shall be either as stated in this specification or as ordered by the purchaser. When the purchaser’s requirements, as stated in the order, differ from those in this specification, the purchaser’s requirements shall govern. This specification does not cover the placement, consolidation, curing, or protection of the concrete after delivery to the purchaser.
Note 1: Concrete produced by volumetric batching and continuous mixing is covered in Specification C685/C685M. Fiber-reinforced concrete is covered in Specification C1116/C1116M.  
1.2 As used throughout this specification the manufacturer produces ready-mixed concrete. The purchaser buys ready-mixed concrete.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units, shown in brackets, or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged use.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C937-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete. Grout ingredients shall conform to the specified requirements for Portland cement, pozzolan, and fine aggregate composition. The fluidifier, tested in grout shall conform to the specified values of reduction in mixing water, expansion, bleeding, increase in water retentivity, initial and final setting time, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C941-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Retentivity of Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the ability of a grout mixture to retain its mixing water.  
5.2 It is used for qualifying grout fluidifiers to be used in the production of PA concrete.  
5.3 It may be used to compare the effects of various admixtures or materials combinations on the water retentivity properties of any cement-water grout.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the water retentivity of freshly mixed hydraulic cement grout mixtures for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C330/C330M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime considerations are reducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for job control of concrete. Two general types of lightweight aggregates are covered by this specification: aggregates prepared by expanding, pelletizing, or sintering products such as blast-furnace slag, clay, diatomite, fly ash, shale, or slate; and aggregates prepared by processing natural materials, such as pumice, scoria, or tuff. The aggregates shall be composed predominately of lightweight-cellular and granular inorganic material. Lightweight aggregates shall be tested, and should not contain excessive amounts of deleterious substances; and should conform to the specified values of organic impurities, aggregate staining, aggregate loss of ignition, clay lumps and friable particles, loose bulk density, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, popouts, and resistance to freezing and thawing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime considerations are reducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for job control of concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 With regard to other units of measure, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1: This specification is regarded as adequate to ensure satisfactory lightweight aggregates for most concrete. It is recognized that it may be either more or less restrictive than needed for some conditions and for special purposes, such as fire resistance, fill, and concrete constructions, the use of which is based on load tests rather than conventional design procedures.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1761/C1761M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregate for Internal Curing of Concrete

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregate intended to provide water for internal curing of concrete. It includes test methods for determining the absorption and desorption properties of lightweight aggregate.
Note 1: Internal curing provides an additional source of water to sustain hydration and substantially reduce the early-age autogenous shrinkage and self-desiccation that can be significant contributors to early-age cracking. Appendix X1 provides guidance on calculating the quantity of lightweight aggregate for internal curing.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
Note 2: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C403/C403M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define times of setting.  
5.2 This test method can be used to determine the effects of variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.  
5.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts. However, when the setting time of concrete is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown that the initial and final setting times may be increased when using the prepared mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.  
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.  
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.  
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off