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ASTM C937-23

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete

Standard Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete. Grout ingredients shall conform to the specified requirements for Portland cement, pozzolan, and fine aggregate composition. The fluidifier, tested in grout shall conform to the specified values of reduction in mixing water, expansion, bleeding, increase in water retentivity, initial and final setting time, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Jun-2023
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.41 - Hydraulic Cement Grouts
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C219-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
Effective Date
01-Aug-2020
Refers
ASTM C219-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C937 − 23
Standard Specification for
1
Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C937; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inor-
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for
ganic Cements
preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
C637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding
standard.
Concrete
C938 Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
C939/C939M Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard. Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method)
C940 Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the
test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard
Laboratory
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
C941 Test Method for Water Retentivity of Grout Mixtures
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
C942/C942M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Labora-
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementi-
tory
tious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to
2
C953 Test Method for Time of Setting of Grouts for
exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3. Terminology
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1 Definitions:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
to Terminologies C125 and C219.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Ordering Information
2. Referenced Documents
3
4.1 The purchaser shall specify the material desired as
2.1 ASTM Standards:
“grout fluidifier for preplaced-aggregate concrete.” The mate-
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
rial shall meet the requirements of this specification.
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
gregates
5. Materials
5.1 Grout ingredients shall conform to the following re-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
quirements:
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.41 on Hydraulic Cement Grouts.
5.1.1 Portland cement shall meet the requirements of Speci-
Current edition approved June 15, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally
fication C150/C150M for the type to be used.
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C937 – 16. DOI:
5.1.2 Pozzolan shall meet the requirements of Specification
10.1520/C0937-23.
2
C618.
See Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
5.1.3 Fine aggregate shall meet the requirements of Speci-
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
fication C33/C33M except that grading shall conform to
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Specification C637, Table number 2, Grading 1 for Fine
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Aggregate.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C937 − 23
6. Physical Requirements 8.3.3.1 Proportion t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C937 − 16 C937 − 23
Standard Specification for
1
Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C937; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding
those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard does
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed
2
skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete
C938 Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
C939/C939M Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method)
C940 Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
C941 Test Method for Water Retentivity of Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
C942C942/C942M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.41 on
Hydraulic Cement Grouts.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016June 15, 2023. Published March 2016July 2023. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
C937C937 – 16.–10. DOI: 10.1520/C0937-16.10.1520/C0937-23.
2
See Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C937 − 23
C953 Test Method for Time of Setting of Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminologies C125 and C219.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 The purchaser shall specify the material desired as “grout fluidifier for preplaced-aggregate concrete.” The material shall meet
the requirements of this specification.
5. Materials
5.1 Grout ingredients shall conform to the following requirements:
5.1.1 Portland cement shall meet the requirements of Specification C150/C150M for the type to be used.
5.1.2 Pozzolan shall meet the requirements of Specification C618.
5.1.3 Fine aggregate shall meet the requir
...

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1.1 This specification applies to ground calcium carbonate (GCC is a type of ground limestone) and other finely divided aggregate mineral filler (AMF) materials for use in concrete mixtures. The specification defines the types of GCC and AMF materials for use in concrete.  
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This specification defines the requirements for grading and quality of fine and coarse aggregate for use in concrete. Fine aggregate shall consist of natural sand, manufactured sand, or a combination thereof. Fine aggregate shall be free of injurious amounts of organic impurities. Fine aggregate for use in concrete that will be subject to wetting, extended exposure to humid atmosphere, or contact with moist ground shall not contain any materials that are deleteriously reactive with the alkalis in the cement in amount sufficient to cause excessive expansion of mortar or concrete. Fine aggregate subjected to five cycles of the soundness test shall have a required weighted average loss. Coarse aggregate shall consist of gravel, crushed gravel, crushed stone, air-cooled blast furnace slag, or crushed hydraulic-cement concrete, or a combination thereof. The sampling and test methods shall be done with grading and fineness modulus test, organic impurities test, effect of organic impurities on strength test, soundness test, clay lumps and friable particles test, coal and lignite test, bulk density of slag test, abrasion of coarse aggregate test, reactive aggregate test, freezing and thawing test, and chert test method.
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1.1 This specification defines the requirements for grading and quality of fine and coarse aggregate (other than lightweight or heavyweight aggregate) for use in concrete.2  
1.2 This specification is for use by a contractor, concrete supplier, or other purchaser as part of the purchase document describing the material to be furnished.  
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1.3 This specification is also for use in project specifications to define the quality of aggregate, the nominal maximum size of the aggregate, and other specific grading requirements. Those responsible for selecting the proportions for the concrete mixture shall have the responsibility of determining the proportions of fine and coarse aggregate and the addition of blending aggregate sizes if required or approved.  
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SCOPE
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1.1 This specification covers most forms of fiber-reinforced concrete manufactured in accordance with Specification C94/C94M or Specification C685/C685M as modified herein. It does not cover the placement, consolidation, curing, or protection of the fiber-reinforced concrete after delivery to the purchaser.  
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This specification covers ready-mixed concrete manufactured and delivered to a purchaser in freshly mixed and unhardened state as hereinafter specified. Requirements for quality of concrete shall be either as hereinafter specified or as specified by the purchase. In any case where the requirements of the purchaser differ from these in this specification, the purchaser's specification shall govern. In the absence of designated applicable materials specifications, materials specifications specified shall be used for cementitious materials, hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious materials, cementitious concrete mixtures, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, and chemical admixtures. Except as otherwise specifically permitted, cement, aggregate, and admixtures shall be measured by mass. Mixers will be stationary mixers or truck mixers. Agitators will be truck mixers or truck agitators. Test methods for compression, air content, slump, temperature shall be performed. For s strength test, at least two standard test specimens shall be made.
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1.1 This specification covers ready-mixed concrete as defined in 3.2.2 (Note 1). Requirements for quality of ready-mixed concrete shall be either as stated in this specification or as ordered by the purchaser. When the purchaser’s requirements, as stated in the order, differ from those in this specification, the purchaser’s requirements shall govern. This specification does not cover the placement, consolidation, curing, or protection of the concrete after delivery to the purchaser.
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1.2 As used throughout this specification the manufacturer produces ready-mixed concrete. The purchaser buys ready-mixed concrete.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the water retentivity of freshly mixed hydraulic cement grout mixtures for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing cylinder and beam specimens from representative samples of fresh concrete for a construction project.  
1.2 This practice is not intended for making specimens from concrete not having measurable slump or requiring other sizes or shapes of specimens.  
1.3 This practice is not applicable to lightweight insulating concrete or controlled low strength material (CLSM).
Note 1: Test Method C495/C495M covers the preparation of specimens and the determination of the compressive strength of lightweight insulating concrete. Test Method D4832 covers procedures for the preparation, curing, transporting and testing of cylindrical test specimens of CLSM.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C470/C470M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Molds for Forming Concrete Test Cylinders Vertically

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with molds for forming concrete test cylinders vertically. Molds shall be constructed in the form of right circular cylinders and have a nominal inside height equal to twice the nominal inside diameter. The following are types of molds covered: reusable molds and single-use molds. Reusable molds shall be made of nonabsorptive materials and shall be tested for water leakage. Single-use molds may be made of sheet metal, plastic, suitably treated paper products, or other materials. These materials shall conform to the following requirements: water leakage, absorptivity, and elongation. The following are additional requirements for the types of single-use molds: plastic mold—wall thickness, bottom design, and material; paper molds—side walls, bottom caps, and waterproofing; and sheet metal molds—metal thickness, bottom design, top edge, and coating. Test for elongation, absorption, and water leakage shall also be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers molds for use in forming cylindrical concrete specimens. The provisions of this specification include the requirements for both reusable and single-use molds.  
Note 1: Sizes included are molds having diameters from 50 mm [2 in.] to 900 mm [36 in.].  
1.2 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and the values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C330/C330M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime considerations are reducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for job control of concrete. Two general types of lightweight aggregates are covered by this specification: aggregates prepared by expanding, pelletizing, or sintering products such as blast-furnace slag, clay, diatomite, fly ash, shale, or slate; and aggregates prepared by processing natural materials, such as pumice, scoria, or tuff. The aggregates shall be composed predominately of lightweight-cellular and granular inorganic material. Lightweight aggregates shall be tested, and should not contain excessive amounts of deleterious substances; and should conform to the specified values of organic impurities, aggregate staining, aggregate loss of ignition, clay lumps and friable particles, loose bulk density, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, popouts, and resistance to freezing and thawing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime considerations are reducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for job control of concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 With regard to other units of measure, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1: This specification is regarded as adequate to ensure satisfactory lightweight aggregates for most concrete. It is recognized that it may be either more or less restrictive than needed for some conditions and for special purposes, such as fire resistance, fill, and concrete constructions, the use of which is based on load tests rather than conventional design procedures.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C332-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Insulating Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in concrete not exposed to the weather, in which the prime consideration is the thermal insulating property of the resulting concrete. Two general types of lightweight aggregate are group I aggregates, which are prepared by expanding products, such as perlite or vermiculite, and group II aggregates which are prepared by expanding, calcining, or sintering products such as blast-furnace slag, clay, diatomite, fly ash, shale, or slate; and aggregates prepared by processing natural materials, such as pumice, scoria, or tuff. The thermal insulating properties of concrete made from the lightweight aggregate under test shall conform to the maximum average thermal conductivity indicated in the specification. To ensure reasonable uniformity in the gradation of successive shipments of lightweight aggregates, fineness modulus determination shall be made periodically. The aggregate shall be composed predominantly of lightweight cellular and granular inorganic material. The test methods for insulating concrete properties include specimen preparation, then concrete density determination, and determinacy of thermal conductivity. When lightweight aggregates covered by this specification are delivered in packages, the name of the manufacturer, type of aggregate, and minimum mass and approximate volume of the contents shall be plainly indicated thereon.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in concrete not exposed to the weather, in which the prime consideration is the thermal insulating property of the resulting concrete.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 With regard to sieve size and the size of aggregate as determined by the use of testing sieves, the values in inch-pound units are shown for the convenience of the user; however, the standard sieve designation shown in parentheses is the standard value as stated in Specification E11.  
1.3.1 With regard to other units of measure, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of the specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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