ASTM D4434/D4434M-09
(Specification)Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Sheet Roofing
Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Sheet Roofing
ABSTRACT
This specification covers flexible fiber- or fabric-reinforced sheet made from poly(vinyl chloride) resin as the primary polymer intended for use in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The sheet shall contain. In-place roof system design criteria such as fire resistance, material compatibility, wind uplift resistance, in-situ shrinkage, among others, are beyond the scope of this specification. The physical requirements for which the sheet materials shall be tested on and shall conform accordingly to are as follows: overall thickness and thickness over scrim; tensile strength at break; breaking strength; elongation at break; seam strength; retention of properties after heat aging; tear resistance and tearing strength; low temperature bend; cracking and crazing after accelerated weathering test; linear dimensional change; change in weight after immersion in water; and static and dynamic puncture resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from poly(vinyl chloride) resin as the primary polymer intended for use in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fibers or reinforcing fabrics.
1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the intended purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such as fire resistance, material compatibility, wind uplift resistance, in-situ shrinkage, among others, are factors that must be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use.
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Designation: D4434/D4434M – 09
Standard Specification for
1
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Sheet Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4434/D4434M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from
Temperature
poly(vinyl chloride) resin as the primary polymer intended for
D2136 Test Method for Coated Fabrics—Low-Temperature
use in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather.
Bend Test
Thesheetshallcontainreinforcingfibersorreinforcingfabrics.
D3045 Practice for Heat Aging of Plastics Without Load
1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize the
D5602 TestMethodforStaticPunctureResistanceofRoof-
sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the
ing Membrane Specimens
intended purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such as
D5635 Test Method for Dynamic Puncture Resistance of
fire resistance, material compatibility, wind uplift resistance,
Roofing Membrane Specimens
in-situ shrinkage, among others, are factors that must be
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac-
considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
celerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
G154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
G155 PracticeforOperatingXenonArcLightApparatusfor
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
3. Classification
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
3.1 Type II—Reinforced sheet in which fibers are incorpo-
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
rated into a production process, for example as a carrier,
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
without appreciably affecting such physical property charac-
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
teristics of the finished product as tensile strength or ultimate
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
elongation, but may provide other desirable characteristics,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use.
such as dimensional stability.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2 Type III—Sheet that is internally reinforced with fabric
2 and which may also have a fabric backing.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.3 Type IV—Sheet that is internally reinforced with fabric
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
and which may also have a fabric backing with minimum
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
thickness of 0.91 mm (0.036 in.).
D751 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
D1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of
4. Materials and Manufacture
Plastic Film and Sheeting
4.1 The sheet shall consist of poly(vinyl chloride) resin in
amounts greater than 50% of the total polymer content
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
suitably compounded with plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, pig-
RoofingandWaterproofingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD08.18
ments, and other ingredients to satisfy the physical property
on Nonbituminous Organic Roof Coverings.
requirements and accelerated durability tests.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published February 2009. Originally
4.2 Tomakeseamsandrepairs,thesheetshallbecapableof
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4434–06. DOI:
10.1520/D4434_D4434M-09.
being bonded watertight to itself during the design service life
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of the sheets. The manufacturer shall recommend a suitable
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
method. Design service life is defined as the designated time
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. period of intended system performance.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4434/D4434M – 09
5. Physical Requirements 8. Test Methods
5.1 The sheet shall conf
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4434–06 Designation: D 4434/D 4434M – 09
Standard Specification for
1
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Sheet Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4434/D4434M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from poly(vinyl chloride) resin as the primary polymer intended for use in
single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fibers or reinforcing fabrics.
1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the intended
purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such as fire resistance, material compatibility, wind uplift resistance, in-situ
shrinkage, among others, are factors that must be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D751 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
D1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
D2136 Test Method for Coated FabricsLow-Temperature Bend Test
D3045 Practice for Heat Aging of Plastics Without Load
D5602 Test Method for Static Puncture Resistance of Roofing Membrane Specimens
D5635 Test Method for Dynamic Puncture Resistance of Roofing Membrane Specimens
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
G154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
G155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials
3. Classification
3.1 Type II:
3.1.1Grade 1—Reinforced sheet in which fibers are incorporated into a production process, for example as a carrier, without
appreciably affecting such physical property characteristics of the finished product as tensile strength or ultimate elongation, but
may provide other desirable characteristics, such as dimensional stability.
3.1.2Grade 2—Externally reinforced sheet utilizing a fabric backing.
3.2 Type III—Sheet that is internally reinforced with fabric and which may also have a fabric backing.
3.3 Type IV—Sheet that is internally reinforced with fabric and which may also have a fabric backing with minimum thickness
of 0.91 mm (0.036 in.).
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.18 on
Nonbituminous Organic Roof Coverings.
Current edition approved Dec.Jan. 1, 2006.2009. Published January 2007.February 2009. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20042006 as
D4434–046.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D 4434/D 4434M – 09
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The sheet shall consist of poly(vinyl chloride) resin in amounts greater than 50% of the total polymer content suitabl
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