ASTM C1819-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts
Standard Test Method for Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method (also known as overhung tube method) may be used for material development, material comparison, material screening, material down selection, and quality assurance. This test method is not recommended for material characterization, design data generation, material model verification/validation, or combinations thereof.
5.2 Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) are composed of continuous ceramic-fiber directional (1D, 2D, and 3D) reinforcements in a fine-grain-sized (
5.3 CFCC components have a distinctive and synergistic combination of material properties, interface coatings, porosity control, composite architecture (1D, 2D, and 3D), and geometric shape that are generally inseparable. Prediction of the mechanical performance of CFCC tubes (particularly with braid and 3D weave architectures) cannot be made by applying measured properties from flat CFCC plates to the design of tubes. In particular, tubular components comprised of CMCs material form a unique synergistic combination of material and geometric shape that are generally inseparable. In other words, prediction of mechanical performance of CMC tubes generally cannot be made by using properties measured from flat plates. Strength tests of internally pressurized CMC tubes provide information on mechanical behavior and strength for a multiaxially stressed material.
5.4 Unlike monolithic advanced ceramics which fracture catastrophically from a single dominant flaw, CMCs generally experience “graceful” fracture from a cumulative damage process. Therefore, while the volume of material subjected to a uniform hoop tensile stress for a single uniformly pressurized tube test may be a significant factor for determining matrix cracking stress, this same volume may not be as significant a factor in determining the ultimate strength of a CMC. However, the probabilistic nature of the strength distributions of the brittle matrices of CMCs requires a statistically significant numb...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hoop tensile strength including stress-strain response of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ceramic tubes subjected to an internal pressure produced by the expansion of an elastomeric insert undergoing monotonic uniaxial loading at ambient temperature. This type of test configuration is sometimes referred to as an overhung tube. This test method is specific to tube geometries because flaw populations, fiber architecture, and specimen geometry factors are often distinctly different in composite tubes, as compared to flat plates.
1.2 In the test method a composite tube/cylinder with a defined gage section and a known wall thickness is loaded via internal pressurization from the radial expansion of an elastomeric insert (located midway inside the tube) that is longitudinally compressed from either end by pushrods. The elastomeric insert expands under the uniaxial compressive loading of the pushrods and exerts a uniform radial pressure on the inside of the tube. The resulting hoop stress-strain response of the composite tube is recorded until failure of the tube. The hoop tensile strength and the hoop fracture strength are determined from the resulting maximum pressure and the pressure at fracture, respectively. The hoop tensile strains, the hoop proportional limit stress, and the modulus of elasticity in the hoop direction are determined from the stress-strain data. Note that hoop tensile strength as used in this test method refers to the tensile strength in the hoop direction from the induced pressure of a monotonic, uniaxially loaded elastomeric insert, where “monotonic” refers to a continuous, nonstop test rate without reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.3 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composite tubes with continuous fiber reinforcement: unidirectional (1D, filament wound and tape lay-up), bidirectional (2D, fabr...
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1819 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced
Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at
1
Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1819; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope (3D, braid and weave). These types of ceramic matrix com-
posites can be composed of a wide range of ceramic fibers
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hoop
(oxide, graphite, carbide, nitride, and other compositions) in a
tensile strength including stress-strain response of continuous
wide range of crystalline and amorphous ceramic matrix
fiber-reinforced advanced ceramic tubes subjected to an inter-
compositions (oxide, carbide, nitride, carbon, graphite, and
nalpressureproducedbytheexpansionofanelastomericinsert
other compositions).
undergoing monotonic uniaxial loading at ambient tempera-
ture.This type of test configuration is sometimes referred to as
1.4 Thistestmethoddoesnotdirectlyaddressdiscontinuous
an overhung tube. This test method is specific to tube geom-
fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, or particulate-reinforced
etries because flaw populations, fiber architecture, and speci-
ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be
men geometry factors are often distinctly different in compos-
equally applicable to these composites.
ite tubes, as compared to flat plates.
1.5 Thetestmethodisapplicabletoarangeoftestspecimen
1.2 In the test method a composite tube/cylinder with a
tube geometries based on a non-dimensional parameter that
defined gage section and a known wall thickness is loaded via
includes composite material property and tube radius. Lengths
internal pressurization from the radial expansion of an elasto-
of the composite tube, pushrods, and elastomeric insert are
meric insert (located midway inside the tube) that is longitu-
determined from this non-dimensional parameter so as to
dinally compressed from either end by pushrods. The elasto-
provide a gage length with uniform internal radial pressure.A
mericinsertexpandsundertheuniaxialcompressiveloadingof
wide range of combinations of material properties, tube radii,
the pushrods and exerts a uniform radial pressure on the inside
wall thicknesses, tube lengths, and insert lengths are possible.
of the tube. The resulting hoop stress-strain response of the
1.5.1 This test method is specific to ambient temperature
composite tube is recorded until failure of the tube. The hoop
testing.Elevatedtemperaturetestingrequireshigh-temperature
tensile strength and the hoop fracture strength are determined
furnaces and heating devices with temperature control and
from the resulting maximum pressure and the pressure at
measurement systems and temperature-capable grips and load-
fracture, respectively. The hoop tensile strains, the hoop
ing fixtures, which are not addressed in this test standard.
proportional limit stress, and the modulus of elasticity in the
hoop direction are determined from the stress-strain data. Note 1.6 This test method addresses tubular test specimen
geometries, test specimen methods, testing rates (force rate,
that hoop tensile strength as used in this test method refers to
the tensile strength in the hoop direction from the induced induced pressure rate, displacement rate, or strain rate), and
data collection and reporting procedures in the following
pressure of a monotonic, uniaxially loaded elastomeric insert,
where “monotonic” refers to a continuous, nonstop test rate sections.
without reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
Section
Scope 1
1.3 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic
Referenced Documents 2
matrix composite tubes with continuous fiber reinforcement: Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
unidirectional (1D, filament wound and tape lay-up), bidirec-
Significance and Use 5
tional (2D, fabric/tape lay-up and weave), and tridirectional
Interferences 6
Apparatus 7
Hazards 8
1
Test Specimens 9
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on
Test Procedure 10
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on
Calculation of Results 11
Ceramic Matrix Composites.
Report 12
Current edition approved July 1, 2021. Published August 2021. Originally
Precision and Bias 13
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1819–15. DOI:
Keywords 14
10.1520/C181
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1819 − 15 C1819 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Hoop Tensile Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced
Advanced Ceramic Composite Tubular Test Specimens at
1
Ambient Temperature Using Elastomeric Inserts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1819; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hoop tensile strength including stress-strain response of continuous
fiber-reinforced advanced ceramic tubes subjected to an internal pressure produced by the expansion of an elastomeric insert
undergoing monotonic uniaxial loading at ambient temperature. This type of test configuration is sometimes referred to as an
overhung tube. This test method is specific to tube geometries,geometries because flaw populations, fiber architecture, and
specimen geometry factors are often distinctly different in composite tubes, as compared to flat plates.
1.2 In the test method a composite tube/cylinder with a defined gage section and a known wall thickness is loaded via internal
pressurization from the radial expansion of an elastomeric insert (located midway inside the tube) that is longitudinally compressed
from either end by pushrods. The elastomeric insert expands under the uniaxial compressive loading of the pushrods and exerts
a uniform radial pressure on the inside of the tube. The resulting hoop stress-strain response of the composite tube is recorded until
failure of the tube. The hoop tensile strength and the hoop fracture strength are determined from the resulting maximum pressure
and the pressure at fracture, respectively. The hoop tensile strains, the hoop proportional limit stress, and the modulus of elasticity
in the hoop direction are determined from the stress-strain data. Note that hoop tensile strength as used in this test method refers
to the tensile strength in the hoop direction from the induced pressure of a monotonic, uniaxially-loaded uniaxially loaded
elastomeric insert, where monotonic“monotonic” refers to a continuous, nonstop test rate without reversals from test initiation to
final fracture.
1.3 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composite tubes with continuous fiber reinforcement:
uni-directional (1-D,unidirectional (1D, filament wound and tape lay-up), bidirectional (2-D,(2D, fabric/tape lay-up and weave),
and tridirectional (3-D,(3D, braid and weave). These types of ceramic matrix composites can be composed of a wide range of
ceramic fibers (oxide, graphite, carbide, nitride, and other compositions) in a wide range of crystalline and amorphous ceramic
matrix compositions (oxide, carbide, nitride, carbon, graphite, and other compositions).
1.4 This test method does not directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforcedwhisker-reinforced, or
particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites.
1.5 The test method is applicable to a range of test specimen tube geometries based on a non dimensional non-dimensional
parameter that includes composite material property and tube radius. Lengths of the composite tube, push rods pushrods, and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on Ceramic Matrix
Composites.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015July 1, 2021. Published September 2015August 2021. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
C1819 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/C1819-15.10.1520/C1819-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1819 − 21
elastomeric insert are determined from this non dimensional non-dimensional parameter so as to provide a gage length with
uniform, internal,uniform internal radial pressure. A wide range of combinations of material properties, tube radii, wall thicknesses,
tube lengths, and insert lengths are possible.
1.5.1 This test method is specific to ambient temperature testing. Elevated temperature testing requires high temperature
high-temperature furnaces and heating devices with temperature control and measurement systems and temperature-capable grips
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.