ASTM D5419-14a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded Plastic Closures
Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded Plastic Closures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method compares closures for ESCR. Suitable variables are: closure materials, closure designs, processes, applied torque, and stress-crack agents.
5.2 Results can be used for estimating shelf life of closures in terms of ESCR. This requires that the user has calibrated failure time in this test to failure time in the field for actual packaging systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the susceptibility of threaded plastic closures to failure due to environmental stress cracking (ESC).
1.2 In use, threaded plastic closures can contact agents that appreciably reduce the stress at which cracks form. Examples of such agents are: soaps, detergents, oils, and liquid bleaches.
1.3 Major factors that influence environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) of threaded plastic closures include the closure material(s), closure design, molded-in stress, and applied stress.
1.4 This procedure can be applied to all closures, but is particularly applicable to closures made from plastics based on polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS).
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and 6.2.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
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Designation: D5419 − 14a
Standard Test Method for
Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded
1
Plastic Closures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D2911Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for
Plastic Bottles
1.1 This test method determines the susceptibility of
E145Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
threaded plastic closures to failure due to environmental stress
Ventilation Ovens
cracking (ESC).
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.2 In use, threaded plastic closures can contact agents that
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
appreciably reduce the stress at which cracks form. Examples
of such agents are: soaps, detergents, oils, and liquid bleaches.
3. Terminology
1.3 Major factors that influence environmental stress crack
3.1 Definitions—Except for those terms below, see Termi-
resistance (ESCR) of threaded plastic closures include the
nologies D883 and D1600.
closure material(s), closure design, molded-in stress, and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
applied stress.
3.2.1 assembly—closure applied to a bottle finish.
1.4 This procedure can be applied to all closures, but is
3.2.2 failure—during this test, any visible crack.
particularlyapplicabletoclosuresmadefromplasticsbasedon
3.2.2.1 Discussion—A crack does not have to penetrate the
polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS).
closure wall to be considered a failure.
1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
3.2.3 finish—fixturerepresentingthethreadedportionofthe
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
bottle.
information only.
3.2.4 threaded closure—part applied to seal bottle as speci-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fied in Specification D2911.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 This test method consists of applying closures at a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
specified application torque to rigid finishes (of polysulfone or
tionary statements are given in Section 8 and 6.2.
other appropriate resin), immersing the assembly in a potential
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
stress-cracking agent, and observing and reporting time-to-
failure.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
5.1 This test method compares closures for ESCR. Suitable
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
variables are: closure materials, closure designs, processes,
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
applied torque, and stress-crack agents.
tics
5.2 Results can be used for estimating shelf life of closures
in terms of ESCR. This requires that the user has calibrated
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
failure time in this test to failure time in the field for actual
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and
Molded Products.
packaging systems.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5419–14. DOI:
6. Apparatus
10.1520/D5419-14A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1 Wide-Mount Gallon Jars, glass, PET, or other suitable
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
material. Must have lined closures to ensure air-tight seal. Use
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. one jar per sample.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5419 − 14a
NOTE 1—Tolerances for Dimensions T, E, and S shall be in accordance with Specification D2911.
FIG. 1 Typical Fixture
6.2 Circulating-Air Oven, capable of maintaining a tem- 6.6 Plastic Test Closures, lined or unlined closure based on
perature of 50 6 1°C (critical in this application). See specifications.
Specification E145 for a procedure for confirming satisfactory
NOTE 2—To ensure that full crystallization has essentially been
uniformityoftemperaturewithintheoven.Thereisnoair-flow
achieved, PP-based closures should condition for at least three wee
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5419 − 14 D5419 − 14a
Standard Test Method for
Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (ESCR) of Threaded
1
Plastic Closures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method determines the susceptibility of threaded plastic closures to failure due to environmental stress cracking
(ESC).
1.2 In use, threaded plastic closures can contact agents that appreciably reduce the stress at which cracks form. Examples of
such agents are: soaps, detergents, oils, and liquid bleaches.
1.3 Major factors that influence environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) of threaded plastic closures include the closure
material(s), closure design, molded-in stress, and applied stress.
1.4 This procedure can be applied to all closures, but is particularly applicable to closures made from plastics based on
polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS).
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and 6.2.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D2911 Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
D3198 Test Method for Application and Removal Torque of Threaded or Lug-Style Closures
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Except for those terms below, see Terminologies D883 and D1600.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 assembly—closure applied to a bottle finish.
3.2.2 failure—during this test, any visible crack.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and Molded
Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2014Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
D5419 – 09.D5419 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D5419-14.10.1520/D5419-14A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5419 − 14a
A crack does not have to penetrate the closure wall to be considered a failure.
3.2.3 finish—fixture representing the threaded portion of the bottle.
3.2.4 threaded closure—part applied to seal bottle as specified in Specification D2911.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of applying closures at a specified application torque to rigid finishes (of polysulfone or other
appropriate resin), immersing the assembly in a potential stress-cracking agent, and observing and reporting time-to-failure.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method compares closures for ESCR. Suitable variables are: closure materials, closure designs, processes, applied
torque, and stress-crack agents.
5.2 Results can be used for estimating shelf life of closures in terms of ESCR. This requires that the user has calibrated failure
time in this test to failure time in the field for actual packaging systems.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Wide-Mount Gallon Jars, glass, PET, or other suitable material. Must have lined closures to ensure air-tight seal. Use one
jar per sample.
6.2 Circulating-Air Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 50 6 1°C (critical in th
...
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