ASTM A508/A508M-23
(Specification)Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
ABSTRACT
This specification covers quenched and tempered vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure vessels, such as those used in reactor systems, specifically, vessel closures, shells, flanges, tube sheets, rings, heads, and similar parts. Steels shall be manufactured by basic electric-furnace process except when secondary ladle refining or remelting process is employed, and shall be vacuum treated prior to or during the pouring of the ingot. Materials shall also go through preliminary heat treatment and quenching for mechanical properties. Heat and product analyses shall be executed to evaluate the conformance of the forgings with specified chemical requirements. Tension and Charpy impact tests shall also be performed to examine the conformance of steel specimens with the following mechanical properties: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. Nondestructive inspection procedures, such as magnetic particle examination, and longitudinal wave and angle beam ultrasonic examination, shall also be carried out. Repair welding may be permitted at the option of the purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers quenched and tempered vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure vessels such as those used in reactor systems. Specifically, it covers forgings for vessel closures, shells, flanges, tube sheets, rings, heads, and similar parts.
1.2 All grades are considered weldable under proper conditions. Welding technique is of fundamental importance, and it is presupposed that welding procedure and inspection will be in accordance with approved methods for the grade of material used.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
Note 1: Grades 1 and 1A are composed of different chemistries but have the same mechanical requirements.
Note 2: Designations have been changed as follows:
Current
Formerly
Grade 1
Class 1
Grade 1A
Class 1A
Grade 2 Class 1
Class 2
Grade 2 Class 2
Class 2A
Grade 3 Class 1
Class 3
Grade 3 Class 2
Class 3A
Grade 4N Class 1
Class 4
Grade 4N Class 2
Class 4A
Grade 4N Class 3
Class 4B
Grade 5 Class 1
Class 5
Grade 5 Class 2
Class 5A
Grade 22 Class 3
Class 22B
Grade 22 Classes 4, 5, 6, and 7
Grade 3V
Class 3V
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A508/A508M − 23
Standard Specification for
Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy
1
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A508/A508M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
Grade 5 Class 2 Class 5A
Grade 22 Class 3 Class 22B
2
1.1 This specification covers quenched and tempered
Grade 22 Classes 4, 5, 6, and 7
vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure Grade 3V Class 3V
vessels such as those used in reactor systems. Specifically, it
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
covers forgings for vessel closures, shells, flanges, tube sheets,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rings, heads, and similar parts.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.2 All grades are considered weldable under proper condi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions. Welding technique is of fundamental importance, and it
is presupposed that welding procedure and inspection will be in
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
accordance with approved methods for the grade of material
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
used. ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
2. Referenced Documents
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3
with the standard.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch- Steel Forgings
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
pound units.
of Steel Products
NOTE 1—Grades 1 and 1A are composed of different chemistries but
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
have the same mechanical requirements.
Forgings
NOTE 2—Designations have been changed as follows:
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
Current Formerly
Grade 1 Class 1
quirements
Grade 1A Class 1A
A966/A966M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
Grade 2 Class 1 Class 2
Steel Forgings Using Alternating Current
Grade 2 Class 2 Class 2A
Grade 3 Class 1 Class 3 E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to
Grade 3 Class 2 Class 3A
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Fer-
Grade 4N Class 1 Class 4
ritic Steels
Grade 4N Class 2 Class 4A
Grade 4N Class 3 Class 4B E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other
Grade 5 Class 1 Class 5
than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic
4
Testing (Withdrawn 2019)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as A508/A508M – 18 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
(2023). DOI: 10.1520/A0508_A0508M-23. the ASTM website.
2 4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
cation SA-508/SA-508M in Section II of that Code. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A508/A508M − 23
2.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standard: 5.1.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be made from each
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code—Section III, Articles
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A508/A508M − 18 (Reapproved 2023) A508/A508M − 23
Standard Specification for
Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy
1
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A508/A508M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers quenched and tempered vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure vessels such
as those used in reactor systems. Specifically, it covers forgings for vessel closures, shells, flanges, tube sheets, rings, heads, and
similar parts.
1.2 All grades are considered weldable under proper conditions. Welding technique is of fundamental importance, and it is
presupposed that welding procedure and inspection will be in accordance with approved methods for the grade of material used.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
NOTE 1—Grades 1 and 1A are composed of different chemistries but have the same mechanical requirements.
NOTE 2—Designations have been changed as follows:
Current Formerly
Grade 1 Class 1
Grade 1A Class 1A
Grade 2 Class 1 Class 2
Grade 2 Class 2 Class 2A
Grade 3 Class 1 Class 3
Grade 3 Class 2 Class 3A
Grade 4N Class 1 Class 4
Grade 4N Class 2 Class 4A
Grade 4N Class 3 Class 4B
Grade 5 Class 1 Class 5
Grade 5 Class 2 Class 5A
Grade 22 Class 3 Class 22B
Grade 22 Classes 4, 5, 6, and 7
Grade 3V Class 3V
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved March 15, 2023Sept. 1, 2023. Published April 2023November 2023. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20182023
as A508/A508M – 18.A508/A508M – 18 (2023). DOI: 10.1520/A0508_A0508M-18R23.10.1520/A0508_A0508M-23.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-508/SA-508M in Section II of that Code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A508/A508M − 23
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
A966/A966M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings Using Alternating Current
E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels
E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Testing
4
(Withdrawn 2019)
2.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standard:
5
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code—Section III, Articles NB 2300, NC 2300, ND 2300, NE 2300, NF 2300, NG 2300
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 controlling cross section thickness (T )—the diameter of the largest theoretical sphe
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A508/A508M − 23
Standard Specification for
Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy
1
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A508/A508M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
Grade 5 Class 2 Class 5A
Grade 22 Class 3 Class 22B
2
1.1 This specification covers quenched and tempered
Grade 22 Classes 4, 5, 6, and 7
vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure Grade 3V Class 3V
vessels such as those used in reactor systems. Specifically, it
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
covers forgings for vessel closures, shells, flanges, tube sheets,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rings, heads, and similar parts.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.2 All grades are considered weldable under proper condi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions. Welding technique is of fundamental importance, and it
is presupposed that welding procedure and inspection will be in
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
accordance with approved methods for the grade of material dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
used.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
2. Referenced Documents
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3
with the standard.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
Steel Forgings
tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-
pound units. A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
NOTE 1—Grades 1 and 1A are composed of different chemistries but
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
have the same mechanical requirements.
Forgings
NOTE 2—Designations have been changed as follows:
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
Current Formerly
Grade 1 Class 1 quirements
Grade 1A Class 1A
A966/A966M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
Grade 2 Class 1 Class 2
Steel Forgings Using Alternating Current
Grade 2 Class 2 Class 2A
Grade 3 Class 1 Class 3 E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to
Grade 3 Class 2 Class 3A
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Fer-
Grade 4N Class 1 Class 4
ritic Steels
Grade 4N Class 2 Class 4A
Grade 4N Class 3 Class 4B
E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other
Grade 5 Class 1 Class 5
than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic
4
Testing (Withdrawn 2019)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as A508/A508M – 18 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
(2023). DOI: 10.1520/A0508_A0508M-23. the ASTM website.
2 4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
cation SA-508/SA-508M in Section II of that Code. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A508/A508M − 23
2.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standard: 5.1.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be made from each
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code—Section III, Articles ingot to secure freedom from piping and excessive segregation.
NB 2300, NC 2300, ND 2300, NE 2300, NF 2300, NG
5.2 Heat Treatment:
5
2300
5.2.1 P
...
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