ASTM E2584-20

Standard Practice for Thermal Conductivity of Materials Using a Thermal Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is useful for testing materials in general, including composites and multi-layered types.  
5.2 The practice is especially useful for materials which undergo significant reactions or local dimensional changes, or both, during exposure to elevated temperatures and thus are difficult to evaluate using existing standard test methods such as Test Method C1113.  
5.3 Performing the test over multiple heating/cooling cycles allows an assessment of the influence of reactions, phase changes, and mass transfer of reactions gases (for example, steam) on the thermal performance.
Note 3: This practice has been found to be especially applicable to testing fire resistive materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a technique for the determination of the apparent thermal conductivity, λa, and thermal diffusivity, αa, of materials. It is for solid materials with apparent thermal conductivities in the approximate range 0.02 a  
Note 1: While the practice should also be applicable to determining the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of non-reactive materials, it has been found specifically useful in testing fire resistive materials that are both reactive and undergo significant dimensional changes during a high temperature exposure.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2020
• ICS: 17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.05 - Thermophysical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2584 − 20
Standard Practice for
Thermal Conductivity of Materials Using a Thermal
1
Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2584; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thispracticedescribesatechniqueforthedetermination
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of the apparent thermal conductivity, λ , and thermal C1113Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refracto-
a
diffusivity, α , of materials. It is for solid materials with
ries by Hot Wire (Platinum Resistance Thermometer
a
apparent thermal conductivities in the approximate range 0.02 Technique)
< λ < 20 W/(m·K) over the approximate temperature range
D2214Test Method for Estimating the Thermal Conductiv-
a
between 300 K and 1100 K, if used stainless steel 304 slag ityofLeatherwiththeCenco-FitchApparatus(Withdrawn
3
calorimeter and K thermocouples, and up to 1600 K, if used
2008)
Alumina slag calorimeter and PtRh thermocouples. E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
NOTE 1—While the practice should also be applicable to determining
ASTM Test Methods
thethermalconductivityandthermaldiffusivityofnon-reactivematerials,
E220Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
it has been found specifically useful in testing fire resistive materials that
Comparison Techniques
are both reactive and undergo significant dimensional changes during a
E230Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force
high temperature exposure.
(emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E457Test Method for Measuring Heat-Transfer Rate Using
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
a Thermal Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter
standard.
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1 Definitions:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 apparent thermal conductivity, λ,n—when other
a
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
modes of heat transfer (and mass transfer) through a material
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
are present in addition to thermal conduction, the results of the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
measurements performed according to this practice will repre-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
sent the apparent or effective thermal conductivity for the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
material tested.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.2 apparent thermal diffusivity, n—the apparent thermal
conductivitydividedbybulkdensityandapparentspecificheat
capacity:
SPEC
α 5λ ⁄C ⁄ρ
a a p
3.1.3 specific heat capacity, C,n—the amount of heat
p
required to change a unit mass (or unit quantity, such as mole)
of a substance by one degree in temperature.
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.05 on Thermo- contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
physical Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E2584–14. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/E2584-20. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2584 − 20
3.1.4 thermal conductivity, λ,n—the time rate of heat flow, calorimeter between the samples. The thermal diffusivity is
understeadyconditions,throughunitarea,perunittemperature calculated based on measuring of temperature difference be-
gradient in the direction perpendicular to the area. tween surface and center of the sample and heating rate.
Heating rate should provide temperature difference in the
3.2 Symbols:
s
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2584 − 14 E2584 − 20
Standard Practice for
Thermal Conductivity of Materials Using a Thermal
1
Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2584; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes a technique for the determination of the apparent thermal conductivity, λ , and thermal diffusivity,
a
α , of materials. It is for solid materials with apparent thermal conductivities in the approximate range 0.02 < λ0.02 < λ < 2 < 20
a a
W/(m·K) over the approximate temperature range between 300 K and 1100 K.300 K and 1100 K, if used stainless steel 304 slag
calorimeter and K thermocouples, and up to 1600 K, if used Alumina slag calorimeter and PtRh thermocouples.
NOTE 1—While the practice should also be applicable to determining the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of non-reactive materials, it has
been found specifically useful in testing fire resistive materials that are both reactive and undergo significant dimensional changes during a high
temperature exposure.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.05 on Thermophysical
Properties.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2014May 1, 2020. Published March 2014June 2020. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20102014 as
E2584 – 10.E2584 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/E2584-14.10.1520/E2584-20.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2584 − 20
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1113 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories by Hot Wire (Platinum Resistance Thermometer Technique)
3
D2214 Test Method for Estimating the Thermal Conductivity of Leather with the Cenco-Fitch Apparatus (Withdrawn 2008)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E230 Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E457 Test Method for Measuring Heat-Transfer Rate Using a Thermal Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 thermal conductivity, λ—the time rate of heat flow, under steady conditions, through unit area, per unit temperature
gradient in the direction perpendicular to the area.
3.1.1 apparent thermal conductivity, λ , n——when other modes of heat transfer (and mass transfer) through a material are
a
present in addition to thermal conduction, the results of the measurements performed according to this practice will represent the
apparent or effective thermal conductivity for the material tested.
3.1.2 apparent thermal diffusivity, n—the apparent thermal conductivity divided by bulk density and apparent specific heat
capacity:
SPEC
α 5 λ ⁄C ⁄ρ
a a p
3.1.3 specific heat capacity, C , n—the amount of heat required to change a unit mass (or unit quantity, such as mole) of a
p
substance by one degree in temperature.
3.1.4 thermal conductivity, λ, n—the time rate of heat flow, under steady conditions, through unit area, per unit temperature
gradient in the direction perpendicular to the area.
3.2 Symbols:
2
A = specimen area normal to heat flux direction, m
C = specific heat capacity, J/(kg·K)
p
F = heating or cooling rate, (K/s)
...