ASTM B774-00(2005)e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Low Melting Point Alloys
Standard Specification for Low Melting Point Alloys
ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys and soldiers, including bismuth-tin, bismuth-lead, bismuth-tin-lead, bismuth-tin-lead-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium-cadmium, bismuth-tin-lead-indium, indium-lead, indium-lead-silver, and indium-tin joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for support and removable borders; radiation shielding; fusible plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting. This specification shall include those alloys having liquidus temperature not exceeding the melting point of the tin lead eutectic, and alloys in the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in the form of solid ribbon and wire. The composition of the alloys shall conform to the chemical requirements for bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium, indium, silver, copper, antimony, and zinc. Alloys shall be tested and shall conform to specified values for alloy freezing point, and powder mesh size.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys and solders, including bismuth–tin, bismuth–lead, bismuth–tin–lead, bismuth–tin–lead–cadmium, bismuth–tin–lead–indium–cadmium, bismuth–tin–lead–indium, indium–lead, and indium–lead–silver, and indium–tin joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for support and removable borders; radiation shielding; fusible plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting.
1.1.1 This specification shall include those alloys having a liquidus temperature not exceeding 361°F (183°C), the melting point of the tin lead eutectic.
1.1.2 This specification includes low-melting point alloys in the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in the form of solid ribbon and wire.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B774 – 00 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
Low Melting Point Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Paragraph 1.1 was corrected editorially in October 2008.
1. Scope 2.2 Military Standard:
MIL-STD 129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
1.1 This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys
2.3 Federal Standard:
andsolders,includingbismuth–tin,bismuth–lead,bismuth–tin-
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
–lead, bismuth–tin–lead–cadmium, bismuth–tin–lead–indium-
–cadmium, bismuth–tin–lead–indium, indium–lead, and indi-
3. Terminology
um–lead–silver, and indium–tin joining together two or more
3.1 Definition:
metals at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for
3.1.1 producer, n— the primary manufacturer of the mate-
support and removable borders; radiation shielding; fusible
rial.
plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1.1 This specification shall include those alloys having a
3.2.1 liquidus, n—the lowest temperature at which an alloy
liquidus temperature not exceeding 361°F (183°C), the melting
is fully transformed from a solid to a liquid.
point of the tin lead eutectic.
3.2.2 lot, n—the term “lot” as used in this specification shall
1.1.2 This specification includes low-melting point alloys in
be defined as follows: for solid alloy metal, a lot shall consist
the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in
of all the metal of the same time designation, produced from
the form of solid ribbon and wire.
the same batch of raw materials under essentially the same
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
conditions, and offered for inspection at one time.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.2.3 lot number, n— the term “lot number” as used in this
information only.
specification refers to a numerical designation for a lot that is
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
traceable to a date of manufacture.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.4 solidus, n—The highest temperature at which an alloy
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
is fully transformed from a liquid to a solid.
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
4. Classification
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
4.1 Type Designation—The type designation shall use the
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
following symbols to properly identify the material:
regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1.1 Alloy Composition—The composition is identified by
2. Referenced Documents three numbers that relate to the melting point in degrees
2 Fahrenheit where it is eutectic or six numbers where it is a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
range alloy.
E55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and
4.1.2 Form—The form is indicated by a single letter in
Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
accordance with Table 1.
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals andAlloys in
4.1.3 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size is identi-
Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
fied by a size symbol number (Table 2).
5. Ordering Information
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall indi-
B02.02 on Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.
cate the following information, as required, to adequately
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published February 2006. Originally
describe the desired material:
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B774 - 00. DOI:
10.1520/B0774-00R05E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
the ASTM website. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
´1
B774 – 00 (2005)
TABLE 1 Form NOTE 1—By mutual agreement between the supplier and the purchaser,
analysis may be required and limits established for elements or com-
Symbol Form
pounds not specified in Table 3.
B bar
I ingot
8. Physical and Performance Requirements
P powder
R ribbon
8.1 Alloy must freeze within 2°F of its solidus.
S special (includes pellets, preforms, shot, etc.
8.2 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size shall be as
W wire
specified in 5.1.1 and 4.1.3.
9. Dimensions and Unit Weight
TABLE 2 Powder Mesh Size
9.1 Bar and Ingot—The dimensions and unit weight of bar
Size Symbol Powder Mesh Size
and ingot shall be agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
3 325
9.2 Wire (Solid)—The dimensions and unit weight of wire
2 200
1 100
alloys shall be as specified in 5.1.3 and 5.1.4. The tolerance on
the specified outside diameter shall be 65% or 60.002 in.
(0.05 mm), whichever is greater.
5.1.1 Type designation (see 4.1),
9.3 Other Forms:
5.1.2 Detailed requirements for special forms,
9.3.1 Dimensions for ribbon and special forms shall be as
5.1.3 Dimensions of ribbon and wire solder (see 9.2),
agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
5.1.4 Unit weight,
9.3.2 The unit weight of alloy powder shall be as specified
5.1.5 Packaging (see Section 18),
in 5.1.4.
5.1.6 Marking (see Section 17),
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
5.1.7 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,
marked on the purchase order and on the package or spool, and 10.1 All forms of the alloys shall be processed in such a
5.1.8 Special requirements, as agreed upon between sup-
manner as to be uniform in quality and free of defects that will
plier and purchaser. affect life, serviceability, or appearance.
6. Materials and Manufacture 11. Sampling for Chemical Analysis
6.1 The producer shall use care to have each lot of alloy as 11.1 Care must be taken to ensure that the sample selected
uniforminqualityaspracticableandofsatisfactoryappearance for testing is representative of the material. The method of
in accordance with the best industrial practices. Each bar, sampling shall consist of one of the following methods:
ingot, or other form in which the alloy is sold shall be uniform 11.1.1 Samplesmaybetakenfromthefinalsolidifiedcastor
in composition within the entire lot. fabricated product.
11.1.2 Representative samples may be obtained from the lot
7. Chemical Composition
of molten metal during casting. The molten sample shall be
7.1 The composition of the alloys covered by this specifi- poured into a cool mold, forming a bar approximately 0.25 in.
cation shall be as shown in Table 3. (6.4 mm) thick.
TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements Composition, wt. %
(range or maximum rules)
Alloy Constituents — wt % Melting Points
Designation
Solidus Liquidus
Bi Pb Sn Cd In Ag Cu Sb Zn °F °C °F °C
117 44.2–45.2 22.1–23.1 7.8–8.8 4.8–5.8 18.6–19.6 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 117 47 117 47
129–133 48.14–50.14 16.92–18.92 10.55–12.55 129 54 133 56
136 48.5–49.5 17.5–18.5 11.5–12.5 0.005 20.5–21.5 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 136 58 136 58
158 49.5–50.5 26.2–27.2 12.8–13.8 9.5–10.5 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 158 70
158–165 49.5–50.5 24.45–25.45 12.0–13.0 12.0–13.0 0.10 158 70 165 74
158–190 42.0–43.0 37.2–38.2 10.8–11.8 8.0–9.0 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 190 88
174 56.5–57.5 0.05 16.5–17.5 0.005 25.5–26.5 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 174 79 174 79
203 52.0–53.0 31.5–32.5 15.0–16.0 0.005 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 203 95 203 95
203–239 49.5–50.5 24.5–25.5 24.5–25.5 203 95 239 115
216–217 53.5–54.5 25.5–26.5 19.5–20.5 216 102 217 103
255 55.0–56.0 44.0–45.0 0.01 0.005 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 255 124 255 124
281 57.5–58.5 0.05 41.5–42.5 0.005 0.008 0.01 0.08 0.1 0.08 281 138 281 138
281–338 39.5–40.5 0.05 59.5–60.5 0.005 0.008 0.01 0.08 0.1 0.08 281 138 338 170
291–325 13.5–14.5 42.5–43.5 42.5–43.5 0.005 0.008 0.01 0.08 0
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
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An American National Standard Designation: B 774 – 00 (Reapproved 2005)
Designation:B774–95
Standard Specification for
Low Melting Point Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Paragraph 1.1 was corrected editorially in October 2008.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers low-melting point metal alloys and solders, including bismuth–tin, bismuth–lead, bismuth–tin-
–lead, bismuth–tin–lead–cadmium, bismuth–tin–lead–indium–cadmium, bismuth–tin–lead–indium, indium–lead, and indium-
–lead–silver, and indium–tin joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points; blocking for support
and removable borders; radiation shielding; fusible plugs; fuses; tube bending; and punch setting.
1.1.1 This specification shall include those alloys having a liquidus temperature not exceeding 361°F (183°C), the melting point
of the tin lead eutectic.
1.1.2 This specification includes low-melting point alloys in the form of solid bars, ingots, powder and special forms, and in
the form of solid ribbon and wire.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.3The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 13, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
E 88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
2.2 Military Standard:
MIL-STD 129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.3 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definition:
3.1.1 producerproducer, n— the primary manufacturer of the material.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 liquidus liquidus, n—the lowest temperature at which an alloy is fully transformed from a solid to a liquid.
3.2.2 lotlot, n—the term “lot” as used in this specification shall be defined as follows: for solid alloy metal, a lot shall consist
ofallthemetalofthesametimedesignation,producedfromthesamebatchofrawmaterialsunderessentiallythesameconditions,
and offered for inspection at one time.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-2B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.02 on
Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 1995.Nov. 1, 2005. Published April 1995.February 2006. Originally published as B774–87.approved in 1987. Last previous edition
B774–87(1993). approved in 2000 as B 774 - 00.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 03.05.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.19111-5098.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
´1
B 774 – 00 (2005)
3.2.3 lot numberlot number, n— the term “lot number” as used in this specification refers to a numerical designation for a lot
that is traceable to a date of manufacture.
3.2.4 solidussolidus, n—The highest temperature at which an alloy is fully transformed from a liquid to a solid.
4. Classification
4.1 Type Designation—The type designation shall use the following symbols to properly identify the material:
4.1.1 Alloy Composition—The composition is identified by three numbers that relate to the melting point in degrees Fahrenheit
where it is eutectic or six numbers where it is a range alloy.
4.1.2 Form—The form is indicated by a single letter in accordance with Table 1.
4.1.3 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size is identified by a size symbol number (Table 2).
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall indicate the following information, as required, to adequately describe the
desired material:
5.1.1 Type designation (see 4.1),
5.1.2 Detailed requirements for special forms,
5.1.3 Dimensions of ribbon and wire solder (see 9.2),
5.1.4 Unit weight,
5.1.5 Packaging (see Section 18),
5.1.6 Marking (see Section 17),
5.1.7 ASTM specification designation and year of issue, marked on the purchase order and on the package or spool, and
5.1.8 Special requirements, as agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 The producer shall use care to have each lot of alloy as uniform in quality as practicable and of satisfactory appearance in
accordance with the best industrial practices. Each bar, ingot, or other form in which the alloy is sold shall be uniform in
composition within the entire lot.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The composition of the alloys covered by this specification shall be as shown in Fig. 1Table 3.
NOTE 1—By mutual agreement between the supplier and the purchaser, analysis may be required and limits established for elements or compounds
not specified in Table 3.
8. Physical and Performance Requirements
8.1 Alloy must freeze within 2°F of its solidus.
8.2 Powder Mesh Size—The powder mesh size shall be as specified in 5.1.1 and 4.1.3.
9. Dimensions and Unit Weight
9.1 Bar and Ingot—The dimensions and unit weight of bar and ingot shall be agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
9.2 Wire (Solid)—The dimensions and unit weight of wire alloys shall be as specified in 5.1.3 and 5.1.4. The tolerance on the
specified outside diameter shall be 65%or 60.002 in. (0.05 mm), whichever is greater.
9.3 Other Forms:
9.3.1 Dimensions for ribbon and special forms shall be as agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
9.3.2 The unit weight of alloy powder shall be as specified in 5.1.4.
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
10.1 All forms of the alloys shall be processed in such a manner as to be uniform in quality and free of defects that will affect
life, serviceability, or appearance.
TABLE 2 1 PFowder Mesh Sizem
Size Symbol PFowder Mesh Sizem
3 325
B bar
2 200
I ingot
1 100powder
P powder
R ribbon
S special (includes pellets, preforms, shot, etc.
W wire
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B 774 – 00 (2005)
TABLE 3 2 FPowder Mequency ofsh Samplingze
Sizeof Lot,lb (kg) Number of Samples (spools, coils,
containers or pieces)
Size Symbol Powder Mesh Size
Up to 1000 (450), incl 3
3 325
Over 1000 to 10 000 (450 to 5
4500), incl
2 200
Over10 000 (4500) 10
1 100
TABLE 1 3 FChemical Requirements Composition, wt. %
(range or maximum rules)
Alloy Constituents — wt % Melting Points
Designation
Solidus Liquidus
Symbol Pb Sn Cd In Ag Cu Sb Zn °Form °C °F °C
Bi Pb Sn Cd In Ag Cu Sb Zn °F °C °F °C
B bar44.2–45.2 22.1–23.1 7.8–8.8 4.8–5.8 18.6–19.6 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 117 47 117 47
117 44.2–45.2 22.1–23.1 7.8–8.8 4.8–5.8 18.6–19.6 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 117 47 117 47
I ingot48.14–50.14 16.92–18.92 10.55–12.55 129 54 133 56
129–133 48.14–50.14 16.92–18.92 10.55–12.55 129 54 133 56
P powder48.5–49.5 17.5–18.5 11.5–12.5 0.005 20.5–21.5 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 136 58 136 58
136 48.5–49.5 17.5–18.5 11.5–12.5 0.005 20.5–21.5 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 136 58 136 58
R ribbon49.5–50.5 26.2–27.2 12.8–13.8 9.5–10.5 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 158 70
158 49.5–50.5 26.2–27.2 12.8–13.8 9.5–10.5 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 158 70
S special 24.45–25.45 12.0–13.0 12.0–13.0 0.10 158 70 165 74
(includes
pellets,
preforms,
etc.5–50.5
158–165 49.5–50.5 24.45–25.45 12.0–13.0 12.0–13.0 0.10 158 70 165 74
W wire42.0–43.0 37.2–38.2 10.8–11.8 8.0–9.0 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 190 88
158–190 42.0–43.0 37.2–38.2 10.8–11.8 8.0–9.0 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 158 70 190 88
174 56.5–57.5 0.05 16.5–17.5 0.005 25.5–26.5 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 174 79 174 79
203 52.0–53.0 31.5–32.5 15.0–16.0 0.005 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 203 95 203 95
203–239 49.5–50.5 24.5–25.5 24.5–25.5 203 95 239 115
216–217 53.5–54.5 25.5–26.5 19.5–20.5 216 102 217 103
255 55.0–56.0 44.0–45.0 0.01 0.005 0.008 0.001 0.08 0.1 0.08 255 124 255 124
281 57.5–58.5 0.05 41.5–42.5 0.005 0.008 0.01 0.08 0.1 0.08 281 138 281 138
281–338 39.5–40.5 0.05 59.
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