ASTM C169-16

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime and Borosilicate Glass

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods can be used to ensure that the chemical composition of the glass meets the compositional specification required for the finished glass product.  
3.2 These test methods do not preclude the use of other methods that yield results within permissible variations. In any case, the analyst should verify the procedure and technique employed by means of a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference material having a component comparable with that of the material under test. A list of standard reference materials is given in the NIST Special Publication 260,3 current edition.  
3.3 Typical examples of products manufactured using soda-lime silicate glass are containers, tableware, and flat glass.  
3.4 Typical examples of products manufactured using borosilicate glass are bakeware, labware, and fiberglass.  
3.5 Typical examples of products manufactured using fluoride opal glass are containers, tableware, and decorative glassware.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative chemical analysis of soda-lime and borosilicate glass compositions for both referee and routine analysis. This would be for the usual constituents present in glasses of the following types: (1) soda-lime silicate glass, (2) soda-lime fluoride opal glass, and (3) borosilicate glass. The following common oxides, when present in concentrations greater than indicated, are known to interfere with some of the determinations in this method: 2 % barium oxide (BaO), 0.2 % phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5), 0.05 % zinc oxide (ZnO), 0.05 % antimony oxide (Sb2O3), 0.05 % lead oxide (PbO).  
1.2 The analytical procedures, divided into two general groups, those for referee analysis, and those for routine analysis, appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Procedures for Referee Analysis:  
Silica  
10  
BaO, R2O2 (Al2O3 + P2O5), CaO, and MgO  
11 – 15  
Fe2O3, TiO2, ZrO2 by Photometry and Al2O3 by Com-
plexiometric Titration  
16 – 22  
Cr2O3 by Volumetric and Photometric Methods  
23 – 25  
MnO by the Periodate Oxidation Method  
26 – 29  
Na2O by the Zinc Uranyl Acetate Method and K2O by
the Tetraphenylborate Method  
30 – 33  
SO3 (Total Sulfur)  
34 – 35  
As2O3 by Volumetric Method  
36 – 40  
Procedures for Routine Analysis:  
Silica by the Single Dehydration Method  
42 – 44  
Al2O3, CaO, and MgO by Complexiometric Titration,
and BaO, Na2O, and K2O by Gravimetric Method  
45 – 51  
BaO, Al2O3, CaO, and MgO by Atomic Absorption; and
Na2O and K2O by Flame Emission Spectroscopy  
52 – 59  
SO3 (Total Sulfur)  
60  
B2O3  
61 – 62  
Fluorine by Pyrohydrolysis Separation and Specific Ion
Electrode Measurement  
63 – 66  
P2O5 by the Molybdo-Vanadate Method  
67 – 70  
Colorimetric Determination of Ferrous Iron Using 1,10
Phenanthroline  
71 – 76  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2016
• ICS: 81.040.10 - Raw materials and raw glass
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.02 - Chemical Properties and Analysis

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C169 − 16
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime and Borosilicate Glass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C169; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative chemical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
analysis of soda-lime and borosilicate glass compositions for
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
both referee and routine analysis. This would be for the usual
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
constituents present in glasses of the following types: (1)
soda-lime silicate glass, (2) soda-lime fluoride opal glass, and
2. Referenced Documents
(3) borosilicate glass. The following common oxides, when
2
present in concentrations greater than indicated, are known to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
interfere with some of the determinations in this method: 2% C146Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Glass Sand
barium oxide (BaO), 0.2% phosphorous pentoxide (P O ), C225Test Methods for Resistance of Glass Containers to
2 5
0.05% zinc oxide (ZnO), 0.05% antimony oxide (Sb O ), Chemical Attack
2 3
0.05% lead oxide (PbO). D1193Specification for Reagent Water
E50Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
1.2 The analytical procedures, divided into two general
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
groups, those for referee analysis, and those for routine
Related Materials
analysis, appear in the following order:
E60Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related
Sections
Materials by Spectrophotometry
Procedures for Referee Analysis:
Silica 10
BaO, R O (Al O +P O ), CaO, and MgO 11–15
2 2 2 3 2 5
3. Significance and Use
Fe O ,TiO ,ZrO by Photometry and Al O by Com- 16–22
2 3 2 2 2 3
plexiometric Titration
3.1 These test methods can be used to ensure that the
Cr O by Volumetric and Photometric Methods 23–25
2 3
chemical composition of the glass meets the compositional
MnO by the Periodate Oxidation Method 26–29
specification required for the finished glass product.
Na O by the Zinc Uranyl Acetate Method and K Oby 30–33
2 2
the Tetraphenylborate Method
3.2 These test methods do not preclude the use of other
SO (Total Sulfur) 34 – 35
3
As O by Volumetric Method 36–40 methodsthatyieldresultswithinpermissiblevariations.Inany
2 3
case, the analyst should verify the procedure and technique
Procedures for Routine Analysis:
employed by means of a National Institute of Standards and
Silica by the Single Dehydration Method 42–44
Al O , CaO, and MgO by Complexiometric Titration, 45–51
Technology (NIST) standard reference material having a com-
2 3
and BaO, Na O, and K O by Gravimetric Method
2 2
ponentcomparablewiththatofthematerialundertest.Alistof
BaO, Al O , CaO, and MgO by Atomic Absorption; and 52–59
2 3
standard reference materials is given in the NIST Special
Na O and K O by Flame Emission Spectroscopy
2 2
3
SO (Total Sulfur) 60
Publication 260, current edition.
3
B O 61 – 62
2 3
3.3 Typical examples of products manufactured using soda-
Fluorine by Pyrohydrolysis Separation and Specific Ion 63–66
Electrode Measurement
lime silicate glass are containers, tableware, and flat glass.
P O by the Molybdo-Vanadate Method 67–70
2 5
Colorimetric Determination of Ferrous Iron Using 1,10 71–76
3.4 Typical examples of products manufactured using boro-
Phenanthroline
silicate glass are bakeware, labware, and fiberglass.
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.02 contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
on Chemical Properties and Analysis. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C169–92(2011). Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,
DOI: 10.1520/C0169-16. MD 20899.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C169 − 16
3.5 Typical examples of products manufactured using fluo- 7.2 The co
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C169 − 92 (Reapproved 2011) C169 − 16
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime and Borosilicate Glass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C169; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative chemical analysis of soda-lime and borosilicate glass compositions for both
referee and routine analysis. This would be for the usual constituents present in glasses of the following types: (1) soda-lime silicate
glass, (2) soda-lime fluoride opal glass, and (3) borosilicate glass. The following common oxides, when present in concentrations
greater than indicated, are known to interfere with some of the determinations in this method: 2 % barium oxide (BaO), 0.2 %
phosphorous pentoxide (P O ), 0.05 % zinc oxide (ZnO), 0.05 % antimony oxide (Sb O ), 0.05 % lead oxide (PbO).
2 5 2 3
1.2 The analytical procedures, divided into two general groups, those for referee analysis, and those for routine analysis, appear
in the following order:
Sections
Procedures
for
Referee
Analysis:
Silica 10
BaO, 11 – 15
R O
2 2
(Al O + P O ),
2 3 2 5
CaO,
and
MgO
Fe O , 16 – 22
2 3
TiO ,
2
ZrO
2
by
Pho-
tom-
etry
and
Al O
2 3
by
Complexio-
metric
Titra-
tion
Cr O 23 – 25
2 3
by
Volu-
metric
and
Photo-
metric
Meth-
ods
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.02 on
Chemical Properties and Analysis.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011April 1, 2016. Published October 2011May 2016. Originally approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
C169 – 92 (2011).(2005). DOI: 10.1520/C0169-92R11.10.1520/C0169-16.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C169 − 16
MnO 26 – 29
by the
Perio-
date
Oxida-
tion
Method
Na O 30 – 33
2
by the
Zinc
Uranyl
Ac-
etate
Method
and
K O
2
by
the
Tetraphenylborate
Method
SO 34 to 35
3
(Total
Sulfur)
As O 36 – 40
2 3
by
Volu-
metric
Method
Proce-
dures
for
Rou-
tine
Analy-
sis:
Silica 42 – 44
by the
Single
Dehy-
dration
Method
Al O , 45 – 51
2 3
CaO,
and
MgO
by
Com-
plexi-
omet-
ric
Titration,
and
BaO,
Na O,
2
and
K O
2
by
Gravi-
metric
Method
2

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
C169 − 16
BaO, 52 – 59
Al O ,
2 3
CaO,
and
MgO
by
Atomic
Ab-
sorp-
tion;
and
Na O
2
and
K O
2
by
Flame
Emis-
sion
Spec-
tros-
copy
SO 60
3
(Total
Sulfur)
B O 61 to 62
2 3
Fluorine 63 – 66
by Py-
rohy-
droly-
sis
Sepa-
ration
and
Spe-
cific
Ion
Elec-
trode
Measurement
P O 67 – 70
2 5
by the
Molybdo-Vanadate
Method
Colorimetric 71 – 76
Deter-
mina-
tion of
Fer-
rous
Iron
Using
1,10
Phenan throline
Sections
Procedures for Referee Analysis:
Silica 10
BaO, R O (Al O + P O ), CaO, and MgO 11 – 15
2 2 2 3 2 5
Fe O , TiO , ZrO by Photometry and Al O by Com- 16 – 22
2 3 2 2 2 3
plexiometric Titration
Cr O by Volumetric and Photometric Methods 23 – 25
2 3
MnO by the Periodate Oxidation Method 26 – 29
Na O by the Zinc Uranyl Acetate Method and K O by 30 – 33
2 2
the Tetraphenylborate Method
SO (Total Sulfur) 34 – 35
3
As O by Volumetric Method 36 – 40
2 3
Procedures for Routine Analysis:
Silica by the Single Dehydration Method 42 – 44
Al O , CaO, and MgO by Complexiometric Titration, 45 – 51
2 3
and BaO, Na O, and K O by Gravimetric Method
2 2
BaO, Al O , CaO, and MgO by Atomic Absorption; and 52 – 59
2 3
Na O and K O by Flame Emission Spectroscopy
2 2
SO (Total Sulfur) 60
3
B O 61 – 62
2 3
Fluorine by Pyrohydrolysis Separation and Specific Ion 63 – 66
Electrode Measurement
P O by the Molybdo-Vanadate Method 67 – 70
2 5
3

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
C169 − 16
Colorimetric Determination of Ferrous Iron Using 1,10 71 – 76
Phenanthroline
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C146 Test Methods for
...