ASTM C1090-01(2005)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Changes in Height of Cylindrical Specimens of Hydraulic-Cement Grout
Standard Test Method for Measuring Changes in Height of Cylindrical Specimens of Hydraulic-Cement Grout
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the changes in height of hydraulic-cement grout by the use of 75 by 150-mm (3 by 6-in.) cylinders, when the cylinders are protected so that the tendency to change in height does not include evaporation so as to cause drying, uptake of moisture, carbonation, or exposure to temperatures outside the range 23 ± 2.0 C (73 ± 3 F) or, optionally, to another specified temperature controlled within ± 2.0 C (± 3 F).
1.2 If desired, this test method can be adapted to studies of changes in height involving either schedules or environmental treatment different from the standard procedures prescribed by this test method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C1090–01 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Changes in Height of Cylindrical Specimens of
Hydraulic-Cement Grout
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1090; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Footnotes 4 and 5 were removed editorially June 2005.
1. Scope C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the changes in
C827 Test Method for Change in Height at Early Ages of
height of hydraulic-cement grout by the use of 75 by 150-mm
Cylindrical Specimens of Cementitious Mixtures
(3 by 6-in.) cylinders, when the cylinders are protected so that
C939 Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-
the tendency to change in height does not include evaporation
Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method)
so as to cause drying, uptake of moisture, carbonation, or
exposure to temperatures outside the range 23 6 2.0 °C (73 6
3. Terminology
3 °F) or, optionally, to another specified temperature controlled
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:
within 6 2.0 °C (6 3 °F).
3.1.1 change in height—eitheranincreaseordecreaseinthe
1.2 If desired, this test method can be adapted to studies of
vertical dimension of a test specimen, provided the change has
changes in height involving either schedules or environmental
been caused by factors other than externally applied forces,
treatment different from the standard procedures prescribed by
changes in ambient temperature not conforming to the speci-
this test method.
fied range, drying caused by evaporation, carbonation, or
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
uptake of moisture.
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 This test method is intended to provide a means of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
assessing the ability of a hydraulic-cement grout to retain a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
stable volume during the stipulated testing period of 28 days,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
provided that the tendency to change height does not include
2. Referenced Documents theeffectsofdryingcausedbyevaporation,uptakeofmoisture,
2 carbonation,orexposuretotemperaturesoutsidetherange23.0
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6 2.0 °C (73 6 3 °F) (Note 1).An exception is made when the
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
options described in the section on test conditions are exer-
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
cised.
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
NOTE 1—This test method does not measure the change in height
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the before hardening (see Test Method C827).
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
5. Apparatus
5.1 Cylinder Molds steel cylindrical molds with minimum
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
wallthicknessof6mm( ⁄4in.)fittedwithclampassembliesfor
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
closing, 75 mm (3 in.) 6 1 % in inside diameter by 150 mm (6
C09.68 on Volume Change of Concrete.
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published September 2001. Originally in.) 6 2 % in height (Note 2)), fitted with a removable 6-mm
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as C1090 – 96. DOI: 1
( ⁄4-in.) steel base plate that can be clamped in place with the
10.1520/C1090-01R05E01.
cylinder molds, top edge machined to a narrow rim as shown
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
in Fig. 1.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C1090–01 (2005)
FIG. 1 Cylinder Mold with Machined (Tapered) Top Edge
NOTE 2—Satisfactory molds can be made from lengths of steel tubing
or pipe that is slit on one side parallel to the longitudinal axis and fitted
with a means of closing the vertical slit as well as a means of attaching a
base plate.
5.2 Glass Plate approximately 100 mm (4 in.) square by 6
mm ( ⁄4 in.) thick, coated as thinly as possible on one surface
with a silicone-base spray or other inert material such as
mineral oil, and permitted to dry before use.
5.3 Hold-Down Weight having a mass of 1.5 kg (3 lb.) 6
1%.
5.4 designed to support and hold one cylinder in a level,
firm position (Fig. 2), with steel rods, and a top made of
noncorroding metal, not more than 1 mm ( ⁄64 in.) larger than
the diameter of the measuring shaft of the micrometer depth
NOTE 1—Allpartsofthisbridgeshallbemadeofanoncorrodingmetal.
gage, and numbered 1 to 4 (Note 3).
NOTE 2—The diameter of the measuring shaft of the depth micrometer
1 1
1 1
NOTE 3—The four holes should be 30 62mm(1 ⁄4 6 ⁄16 in.) from the
shall be 3.0 6 0.4 mm ( ⁄8 6 ⁄64 in. The four holes should be 25 61mm
center of the hold-down device.
(1 6 ⁄16 in. from the center of the cylinder as shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 2 Dimensions of Micrometer Bridge
5.5 Micrometer Depth Gage having a range from 25 to 50
mm. (1.000 to 2.000 in) graduated in units not larger than 0.02
mm (0.001 in.) (Note 4).
6. Preparation of Sample
NOTE 4—The diameter of the shaft of the depth micrometer should be 6.1 Take a sample of the freshly mixed grout to be tested
1 1
3.0 6 0.4 mm ( ⁄8 6 ⁄64 in.).
either in accordance with Practice C172 or prepared in suffi-
cient quantity to permit molding at least one test specimen for
5.6 Outside Micrometer Caliper, used to measure the thick-
1 height-change measurements and such additional tests as may
ness of the plate, with a capacity of at least 12 mm ( ⁄2 in.) and
be required or specified.
graduated in units not larger than 0.02 mm (0.001 in.) having
6.2 If the grout to be tested is blended from individual
throat depth of at least 50 mm (2.0 in.).
components,mixinaccordancewithPracticeC305(Note6).If
5.7 Tamping Rod, a straight steel rod with at least the
the grout is made using a packaged product, proceed as
tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip of the same
3 follows, unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer.
diameter as the rod, 10 mm ( ⁄8 in.) in diameter and at last 250
6.2.1 Use 3000 to 3500 g of dry material as required and the
mm (10 in.) long.
proportionate amount of water required for the test. Record
5.8 Mechanical Mixer, as described in Practice C305 (Note
amounts used.
5).
6.2.2 Place mixing water in mixing bowl.
NOTE 5—This mixer has clearances between paddle and bowl that are
6.2.3 Add dry material during the first 30-s period while
suitable only for mortars made with fine aggregates that are finer than the
mixing at slow speed, 140 6 5 r/min.
850-µm(No.20)sieve.Mortarsmadewithaggregatescontainingparticles
6.2.4 Continue mixing for 3 min, stopping the mixer for not
coarser than the 850-µm sieve may require special clearance or a different
over 15 s after 1 min to scrape down into the batch any grout
type of paddle to permit the mixer to operate freely and avoid damage to
the paddle and bowl. that may have collected on the side of the bowl.
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C1090–01 (2005)
NOTE 6—If the grout contains fine aggregate, the mixing procedure for
but not to more than half the height of the cylinder. Gather and
mortar is applicable; if it does not, that for paste is applicable.
tie the plastic bag just above the plunger and bridge.
8.2.3 Subsequent Storage—If after 28-days storage, as pre-
6.3 Cast the sample and lock the glass plate, micrometer
viously described, it is desired to observe height change while
bridge, top plate, plunger, and weight into position within 4
allowingsomedryingorcarbonation,orboth,tooccur,remove
min after completion of mixing. Complete the initial measure-
the specimen from the moist room, or from being protected by
ments within 3 min after completion of these operations.
the plastic bag and damp towels, exposed to air at 50 64%
6.4 If it is required or desired to cast the specimen after a
relative humidity and at the same temperature at which the test
longer holding period, continue mixing of either the whole or
was previously maintained.
remaining portion, as appropriate, at slow speed for the
specified time and the sample cast, apparatus locked, and take
9. Procedure
initial measurements within 3 min after completion of these
operations.
9.1 Place the apparatus on a smooth, horizontal surface,
whichisfreeofvibrationordisturbance.Removethetopofthe
7. Preparation of Apparatus
bridge after it has been pre-leveled parallel to the top of the
mold rim by using the four lower nuts.
7.1 Coat the exterior seams of the cylinder mold and the
9.2 Determine consistency in accordance with Test Method
exterior joint between the mold and the base plate with melted
C827. Consider mixtures having a flow of less than 100 % as
paraffin wax. Coat the interior of the cylinder mold and base
“stiff plastic;” those having flows between 100 and 125 % are
plate lightly with mineral oil (Note 7). Attach the mold to the
considered “plastic.” A “flowable” mixture shall have a flow
micrometer bridge.
between 125 and 145 % when tested in accordance with Test
NOTE 7—The exterior of the mold and the base plate may be coated
Method C827, but not less than 30 s when tested in accordance
with paraffin wax to facilitate cleanup after completion of the test.
with Test Method C939.A“fluid” mixture shall have a flow of
10 to 30 s when tested in accordance with Test Method C939.
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