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ASTM D4708-12

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films of Organic Coatings

Standard Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films of Organic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Free films are required for conducting tests to evaluate physical and mechanical properties such as tensile and elongation (Test Methods D2370 and E96/E96M), moisture vapor permeability (Test Methods D1653), and other physical properties of organic coatings where the substrate may interfere with the determination.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of free films of organic coatings for use in determining the physical properties of the coatings. Procedures are given for preparing free films on three alternative substrates. These substrates are treated FEP (fluorinated ethylene-propylene) sheet, silicone coated paper, and halosilane coated glass plates.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2012
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4708-07 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films of Organic Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Replaced By
ASTM D4708-19 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films of Organic Coatings
Effective Date
01-Mar-2019
Referred By
ASTM E1795-20a - Standard Specification for Non-Reinforced Liquid Coating Encapsulation Products for Leaded Paint in Buildings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM C1841-23 - Standard Specification for Interior Radiation Control Coating (IRCC) for Building Applications
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM D5590-17(2021) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings to Fungal Defacement by Accelerated Four-Week Agar Plate Assay
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM D2370-16(2021) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM D1653-13(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM D6093-97(2022) - Standard Test Method for Percent Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings Using a Helium Gas Pycnometer
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4708 − 12
Standard Practice for
1
Preparation of Uniform Free Films of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4708; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* films are dried or baked, cut into appropriate size for the
intended physical property test, and then stripped from the
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of free films of
release substrate.
organic coatings for use in determining the physical properties
of the coatings. Procedures are given for preparing free films
4. Significance and Use
onthreealternativesubstrates.ThesesubstratesaretreatedFEP
4.1 Free films are required for conducting tests to evaluate
(fluorinated ethylene-propylene) sheet, silicone coated paper,
physical and mechanical properties such as tensile and elon-
and halosilane coated glass plates.
gation (Test Methods D2370 and E96/E96M), moisture vapor
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
permeability (Test Methods D1653), and other physical prop-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
erties of organic coatings where the substrate may interfere
only.
with the determination.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Apparatus and Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Equipment, for applying films of uniform thickness as
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
described in Practices D823.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Micrometer Film Thickness Gage, as described in Test
Method D1005.
2. Referenced Documents
5.3 Alternative Release Substrates:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3.1 Sheet of FEP—(polyhexafluoropropylene), preferably
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
50-µm (2-mils) thick, coated with a thin film of a dry
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
3,4
lubricant.
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
5.3.2 Sheet of Silicone Coated Paper, preferably 125-µm
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
5,4
(5-mil) thick.
D1653 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Or-
5.3.3 Glass Plates, coated with halosilane compound.
ganic Coating Films
6
5.3.4 Steel Panel—wrapped with Tedlar polyvinyl fluoride
D2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coat-
film, preferably 25 to 50–µm 9 (1 to 2 mils) thick.
ings
NOTE 1—Other substrates that may be suitable are 250-µm (10-mil)
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
thick polyethylene, polypropylene sheet, photographic paper, polished
Materials
steel, and fluoropolymer coated metal panels.
5.4 Precision Specimen Cutter, having a double blade with a
3. Summary of Test Method
7,4
foot to hold the sample.
3.1 Free films are prepared by depositing a uniform wet
coating of the test material on a release substrate. The applied
3
The sole source of supply of dry lubricant (MS-122 Fluorocarbon Release
Agent) known to the committee at this time is Miller-Stephenson Chemical Co.,
Inc., 55 Backus Ave., Danbury, CT 06810.
1 4
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
1
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films. ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
5
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally The sole source of supply of silicone coated release paper, Form RP-1K, size
5 1
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D4708 – 07. DOI: 8 ⁄8 by 11 ⁄4 in., known to the committee at this time is the Leneta Co., 15 Whitney
10.1520/D4708-12. Rd., Mahwah, NJ 07430.
2 6
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Tedlar is a registered trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.
7
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM The sole source of supply of the JDC Precision Sample Cutter known to the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on committee at this time is the Thwing-Albert Instrument Co., 14 West Collins Ave.,
the ASTM website. West Berlin, NJ 08091.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohock
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4708 − 07 D4708 − 12
Standard Practice for
1
Preparation of Uniform Free Films of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4708; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of free films of organic coatings for use in determining the physical properties of the
coatings. Procedures are given for preparing free films on three alternative substrates. These substrates are treated FEP (fluorinated
ethylene-propylene) sheet, silicone coated paper, and halosilane coated glass plates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1653 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
D2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Free films are prepared by depositing a uniform wet coating of the test material on a release substrate. The applied films
are dried or baked, cut into appropriate size for the intended physical property test, and then stripped from the release substrate.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Free films are required for conducting tests to evaluate physical and mechanical properties such as tensile and elongation
(Test MethodMethods D2370 and E96/E96M), moisture vapor permeability (Test Methods D1653), and other physical properties
of organic coatings where the substrate may interfere with the determination.
5. Apparatus and Materials
5.1 Equipment, for applying films of uniform thickness as described in Practices D823.
5.2 Micrometer Film Thickness Gage , Gage, as described in Test Method D1005.
5.3 Alternative Release Substrates : Substrates:
3,4
5.3.1 Sheet of FEP—(polyhexafluoropropylene), preferably 50-μm (2-mils) thick, coated with a thin film of a dry lubricant.
5,4
5.3.2 Sheet of Silicone Coated Paper , Paper, preferably 125-μm (5-mil) thick.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007July 1, 2012. Published December 2007August 2012. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20042007
as D4708 – 04.D4708 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/D4708-07.10.1520/D4708-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The sole source of supply of dry lubricant (MS-122 Fluorocarbon Release Agent) known to the committee at this time is Miller-Stephenson Chemical Co., Inc., 55 Backus
Ave., Danbury, CT 06810.
4
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
5 5 1
The sole source of supply of silicone coated release paper, Form RP-1K, size 8 ⁄8 by 11 ⁄4 in., known to the committee at this time is the Leneta Co., 15 Whitney Rd.,
Mahwah, NJ 07430.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4708 − 12
5.3.3 Glass Plates, coated with halosilane compound.
NOTE 1—Other substrates that may be suitable are 250-μm (10-mil) thick polyethylene, photographic paper, polished steel, and fluoropolymer coated
metal panels.
...

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SCOPE
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ASTM
ASTM D6991-17(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurements of Internal Stresses in Organic Coatings by Cantilever (Beam) Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Stresses in coatings arise as a result of their shrinkage or expansion if expected movements are prevented by coating adhesion to its substrate.  
5.2 There are several causes leading to arrival of stresses in the coatings: film formation (cross-linking, solvent evaporation, etc.); differences in thermal expansion coefficients between coating and substrate; humidity and water absorption; environmental effects (ultraviolet radiation, temperature and humidity), and others.  
5.3 Knowledge of the internal stresses in coatings is very important because they may effect coating performance and service life. If the internal stress exceeds the tensile strength of the film, cracks are formed. If stress exceeds adhesion between coating and substrate, it will reduce adhesion and can lead to delamination of coatings. Quantitative information about stresses in coatings can be useful in coating formulation and recommendations for their application and use.  
5.4 This method has been found useful for air-dry industrial organic coatings but the applicability has not yet been assessed for thin coatings (thickness
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for measurements of internal stresses in organic coatings by using the cantilever (beam) method.  
1.2 This method is appropriate for the coatings for which the modulus of elasticity of substrate (Es) is significantly greater than the modulus of elasticity of coating (Ec) and for which the thickness of substrate is significantly greater than thickness of coating (see Note 7 and Note 8).  
1.3 The stress values are limited by the adhesion values of coating to the substrate and by the tensile strength of the coating, or both.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2370-16(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this method are of value in studying the behavior of coatings subjected to environmental stresses, such as those produced by aging and weathering. (See Refs. (1-10).)4  
5.2 Tensile properties may vary with specimen thickness, method of preparation, gage length, rate of load application, tensile tester response, and type of grips used. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elongation, tensile strength, and stiffness (modulus of elasticity) of organic coatings when tested as free films.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
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