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ASTM D8227-18

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Friction of Synchronizer Lubricated by Mechanical Transmission Fluids (MTF) Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine

Standard Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Friction of Synchronizer Lubricated by Mechanical Transmission Fluids (MTF) Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to quickly determine the lubricating ability of fully-formulated lubricants used as mechanical transmission fluids (MTF) to display a frictional behavior against materials used in synchronizers of mechanical gears in automotive vehicles. This test method has found to be complementary to bench tests (for example, Test Method D5579 and CEC L-66-99) by using the present test conditions. This test method is a material and application oriented approach based on inputs from field experiences for characterizing the frictional behavior (coefficient of friction (cof)) using random, discrete, and constant parameter combinations as seen in field experiences. Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications prior to commercialization.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the coefficient of friction of lubricants (fluids) tribologically interacting with materials used in synchronizers in mechanical transmission (MT) gears under high-frequency linear-oscillation motion using the SRV test machine. A flat areal contact geometry is applied.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2018
ICS
21.260 - Lubrication systems
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.L0.07 - Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids and Solids (Formally D02.1100)
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D8227-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Friction of Synchronizer Lubricated by Mechanical Transmission Fluids (MTF) Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test MachineASTM D8227-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Friction of Synchronizer Lubricated by Mechanical Transmission Fluids (MTF) Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
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ASTM D8227-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Coefficient of Friction of Synchronizer Lubricated by Mechanical Transmission Fluids (MTF) Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D8227 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Coefficient of Friction of Synchronizer
Lubricated by Mechanical Transmission Fluids (MTF) Using
1
a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5706 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
coefficient of friction of lubricants (fluids) tribologically inter-
D7421 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
acting with materials used in synchronizers in mechanical
Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency,
transmission (MT) gears under high-frequency linear-
Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
oscillation motion using the SRV test machine. A flat areal
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
contact geometry is applied.
2.2 Other Standards:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
DIN 51631 Special-boiling-point spirits—Requirements and
3
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
testing
standard.
DIN EN ISO 13565-2 Geometrical Product Specifications
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the (GPS)—Surface texture: Profile method—Surfaces hav-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing stratified functional properties—Part 2: Height char-
3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- acterization using linear material ratio curve
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
DIN EN 17022–3 Heat treatment of ferrous materials; heat
3
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. treatment methods; case hardening
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
CEC L-66-99 Evaluation of synchronizer loading param-
4
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- eters and their ability to predict failure
5
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
GB/T 3077-2015 Alloy structural steel
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- YS/T 669-2013 Copper alloy tube of extruded product for
6
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical synchronizer rings
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
TL-VW084 (1993) Kupfer-Zink-Legierungen – Werkstoffan
forderungen (Copper-Zinc alloys—Material require-
2. Referenced Documents 7
ments)
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
3. Terminology
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
3.1 Definitions:
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
3.1.1 break-in, n—in tribology, an initial transition process
Fuels, and Lubricants
occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accom-
D5579 Test Method for Evaluating the Thermal Stability of
panied by transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or
Manual Transmission Lubricants in a Cyclic Durability
Test
3
Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH (DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung
e.V.), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany, http://www.en.din.de
1 4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Available from Coordinating European Council (CEC), Services provided by
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Kellen Europe, Avenue Jules Bordet 142 - 1140, Brussels, Belgium, http://
Subcommittee D02.L0.07 on Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids and www.cectests.org.
5
Solids (Formally D02.1100). Available from Standardization Administration of China, No. 9 Madian
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. DOI: Donglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100088, P.R. China.
6
10.1520/D8227-18. Available as a standard of nonferrous industry from Standardization Adminis-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or tration of China, No. 9 Madian Donglu, Haidian District, Beijing 100088, P.R.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM China.
7
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Volkswagen AG, corporate IP, post stop 1770, D-38346
the ASTM website. Wolfsburg, Germany, www.vwgroupsupply.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8227 − 18
pressures from 2 MPa to 6 MPa.
both, which are uncharac
...

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5.1 This test method can be used to quickly determine the lubricating ability of fully-formulated lubricants used as mechanical transmission fluids (MTF) to display a frictional behavior against materials used in synchronizers of mechanical gears in automotive vehicles. This test method has found to be complementary to bench tests (for example, Test Method D5579 and CEC L-66-99) by using the present test conditions. This test method is a material and application oriented approach based on inputs from field experiences for characterizing the frictional behavior (coefficient of friction (cof)) using random, discrete, and constant parameter combinations as seen in field experiences. Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications prior to commercialization.
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5.1 Many sliding systems exhibit intermittent high friction force excursions compared to competing tribosystems. However, where friction forces or friction coefficients are averaged, the test data may show that the two systems have the same friction characteristics, when in fact they were not the same; there was a friction “problem” in the one with the periodic aberrations. The FED takes into account all friction forces that occur in the test increment. It is all of the friction energy that the couple dissipated in the designated test duration. It captures the friction profile of a system in a single number that can be used to screen candidate couples for friction characteristics.  
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Test Methods for Fire Resistive Grease Duct Enclosure Systems

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5.1 These test methods are intended to evaluate the ability of the grease duct enclosure system to do the following:  
5.1.1 Resist the effects of a standardized fire exposure,  
5.1.2 Retain its integrity, or  
5.1.3 Exhibit both properties dependent upon the type of test assembly involved during a predetermined test exposure.  
5.2 These test methods provide for the following measurements and evaluations where applicable:  
5.2.1 Capability of the enclosure material to resist flaming (combustion) when exposed to 1382°F (750°C).  
5.2.2 Loadbearing ability of the tested support system and fastening system to carry the load of the grease duct enclosure system during a standardized fire-engulfment test.  
5.2.3 Ability of a fire stop to meet the requirements of Test Method E814 when used with a grease duct enclosure system.  
5.2.4 Ability of the enclosure material to resist the passage of flames and hot gases during a standardized fire resistance test and a standardized internal fire test.  
5.2.5 Transmission of heat through the grease duct and the enclosure material(s) during a standardized fire resistance test and a standardized internal fire test.  
5.2.6 Ability of the grease duct enclosure system to resist the passage of water during a standardized hose stream test.  
5.2.7 Comparative measurement of temperature aging of the enclosure material(s) when subjected to standardized cyclic thermal transmissions.  
5.3 These test methods do not provide the following:  
5.3.1 Full information as to performance of the enclosure material or the grease duct enclosure system constructed with components, densities, or dimensions other than those tested.  
5.3.2 Evaluation of the degree by which the enclosure material or grease duct enclosure system contributes to the fire hazard by generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion.  
5.3.3 Measurement of the degree of control or limitation of the passage of smoke or products of combustion ...
SCOPE
Note 1: The majority of this standard is based on the Model Building Code Evaluation Service2 Acceptance Criteria titled  ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR GREASE DUCT ENCLOSURE ASSEMBLIES, AC101, which was created in 1994. Numerous design listings and labeled materials exist based on the provisions of this standard.  
1.1 These test methods evaluate the enclosure materials and the grease duct enclosure systems using the following test methods: noncombustibility, fire resistance, durability, internal fire, and fire-engulfment with a through-penetration fire stop.  
1.2 These test methods prescribe a standardized fire exposure for comparing the test results of the enclosure materials and grease duct enclosure systems. The results of these tests are one factor in assessing predicted fire performance of grease duct enclosure systems. Using these test results to predict the performance of actual grease duct enclosure systems requires the evaluation of test conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The text of these test methods references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the fire test response standard.  
1.5 These test methods are used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.6 These test methods do not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of these test methods to establish appr...

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