ASTM F1004-18
(Specification)Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers minimum safety performance requirements, test methods, and requirements for labeling and instructional material to minimize hazards to young children resulting from the normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse and abuse of expansion gates and expandable enclosures.
1.2 Products known as expansion gates and expandable enclosures, or by any other name, which are in the scope of this consumer safety specification are intended for young children aged six months through 24 months, and are defined in Section 3.
1.3 Expansion gates and expandable enclosures defined in Section 3 are for domestic use and are not to be confused with other types of gates or enclosures that may be specifically designed for commercial, institutional, agricultural, pet use, or any other such use.
1.4 No expansion gate or expandable enclosure as defined in Section 3, that is, produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification either by label or other means, shall indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all the requirements contained herein.
1.5 For expediency, expansion gates and expandable enclosures as defined in Section 3 will heretofore be referred to in this consumer safety specification as “gates” and “enclosures” unless referred to definitively.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 The following pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:F1004 −18
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
1
Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1004; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents of head and neck entrapment in children’s
expansion gates and expandable enclosures. It also addresses the ability of a pressure gate to resist a
push-out force.
TheU.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission(CPSC)identifiedincidentsthatgenerallyinvolved
achild’sheadorneck,orboth,becomingentrappedindiamondshapedopeningsandstrangulationof
children in V-shapes at the top of accordion style expansion gates or expandable enclosures.
Additional incidents and injuries were identified that involved children attempting to climb up and
over expansion gates and expandable enclosures, and pushing or pulling pressure gates out of
doorways.
Thisconsumersafetyspecificationiswrittenwithinthecurrentstate-of-the-artofgateandenclosure
technology.Itisintendedthatthisconsumersafetyspecificationwillbeupdatedwheneversubstantive
information becomes available, which necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
This specification does not address incidents in which gates or enclosures are blatantly misused
although warnings and safety instructions are required to be displayed prominently on and with each
gate or enclosure.
1. Scope 1.4 Noexpansiongateorexpandableenclosureasdefinedin
Section 3, that is, produced after the approval date of this
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers minimum
consumer safety specification either by label or other means,
safety performance requirements, test methods, and require-
shall indicate compliance with this specification unless it
ments for labeling and instructional material to minimize
conforms to all the requirements contained herein.
hazards to young children resulting from the normal use and
reasonably foreseeable misuse and abuse of expansion gates
1.5 For expediency, expansion gates and expandable enclo-
and expandable enclosures.
sures as defined in Section 3 will heretofore be referred to in
1.2 Products known as expansion gates and expandable this consumer safety specification as “gates” and “enclosures”
enclosures,orbyanyothername,whichareinthescopeofthis
unless referred to definitively.
consumer safety specification are intended for young children
1.6 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
agedsixmonthsthrough24months,andaredefinedinSection
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
1.3 Expansion gates and expandable enclosures defined in
and are not considered standard.
Section 3 are for domestic use and are not to be confused with
1.7 The following pertains only to the test methods portion,
other types of gates or enclosures that may be specifically
Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport
designed for commercial, institutional, agricultural, pet use, or
to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
any other such use.
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac-
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
1
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
prior to use.
tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F15.16 on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
Current edition approved May 15, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F1004–16b. DOI:
10.1520/F1004-18. ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1004−18
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.1.4 double-action release mechanism, n—a release
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical mechanismrequiringeithertwoconsecutiveactions,thefirstof
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. which must be maintained while the second is carried out, or
twoseparateandindependentsingleactionreleasemechanisms
2. Referenced Documents
that must be activated simultaneously to unlock the gate/
2
enclosure.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3359Test Meth
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1004 − 16b F1004 − 18
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
1
Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1004; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents of head and neck entrapment in children’s
expansion gates and expandable enclosures. It also addresses the ability of a pressure gate to resist a
push-out force.
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) identified incidents that generally involved
a child’s head or neck, or both, becoming entrapped in diamond shaped openings and strangulation of
children in V-shapes at the top of accordion style expansion gates or expandable enclosures.
Additional incidents and injuries were identified that involved children attempting to climb up and
over expansion gates and expandable enclosures, and pushing or pulling pressure gates out of
doorways.
This consumer safety specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of gate and enclosure
technology. It is intended that this consumer safety specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available, which necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
This specification does not address incidents in which gates or enclosures are blatantly misused
although warnings and safety instructions are required to be displayed prominently on and with each
gate or enclosure.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers minimum safety performance requirements, test methods, and requirements for
labeling and instructional material to minimize hazards to young children resulting from the normal use and reasonably foreseeable
misuse and abuse of expansion gates and expandable enclosures.
1.2 Products known as expansion gates and expandable enclosures, or by any other name, which are in the scope of this
consumer safety specification are intended for young children aged six months through 24 months, and are defined in Section 3.
1.3 Expansion gates and expandable enclosures defined in Section 3 are for domestic use and are not to be confused with other
types of gates or enclosures that may be specifically designed for commercial, institutional, agricultural, pet use, or any other such
use.
1.4 No expansion gate or expandable enclosure as defined in Section 3, that is, produced after the approval date of this consumer
safety specification either by label or other means, shall indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all the
requirements contained herein.
1.5 For expediency, expansion gates and expandable enclosures as defined in Section 3 will heretofore be referred to in this
consumer safety specification as “gates” and “enclosures” unless referred to definitively.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 The following pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
1
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16
on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Current edition approved July 15, 2016May 15, 2018. Published August 2016June 2018. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as
F1004 – 16a.F1004 – 16b. DOI: 10.1520/F1004-16B.10.1520/F1004-18.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1004 − 18
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recomme
...
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