ASTM D2882-00
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Indicating the Wear Characteristics of Petroleum and Non-Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in Constant Volume Vane Pump (Withdrawn 2003)
Standard Test Method for Indicating the Wear Characteristics of Petroleum and Non-Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in Constant Volume Vane Pump (Withdrawn 2003)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a constant volume high-pressure vane pump test procedure for indicating the wear characteristics of petroleum and nonpetroleum hydraulic fluids. Note 1-While this test method has been used to measure fluid viscosity retention or shear stability of polymer-thickened fluids, the suitability and precision of shear stability testing has not been determined. The sample size or pressure loading device, or both, can have a significant effect on the severity of fluid shearing and these parameters have not been standardized.
1.2 The values stated in either acceptable metric units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Notes 7, 15, and 24.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 2882 – 00 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Indicating Wear Characteristics of Petroleum and Non-
Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in Constant Volume Vane Pump
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2882; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A temperature of 80 6 3°C (175 6 5°F) is used for all other
synthetic and petroleum fluids.
1.1 This test method covers a constant volume high-
pressure vane pump test procedure for indicating the wear
NOTE 1—To improve reproducibility, fluid volume has been standard-
characteristics of petroleum and non-petroleum hydraulic flu- ized in this revision of Test Method D 2882.
ids.
4.2 The result obtained is the total mass loss from the cam
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ring and the twelve vanes during the test. Other reported values
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
are fluid cleanliness before and after the test, initial flow rate,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and final flow rate.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3 The total quantity of test oil required for a run is 26.5 L
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(7 gal).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
5. Significance and Use
statements, see 6.1.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, and Note 7.
5.1 This test method is an indicator of the wear character-
istics of petroleum and non-petroleum hydraulic fluids operat-
2. Referenced Documents
ing in a constant volume vane pump. Excessive wear in vane
2.1 ISO Standards:
pumps could lead to malfunction of hydraulic systems in
ISO 4021 Hydraulic Fluid Power—Particulate Contamina-
critical applications.
tion Analysis—Extraction of Fluid Samples from Lines of
an Operating System
6. Apparatus
ISO 4406 Hydraulic Fluid Power—Fluids-Method for Cod-
6.1 The basic system consists of the following (see Fig. 1):
ing Level of Contamination by Solids Particles
6.1.1 Twelve Hundred rpm AC Motor, or other suitable
drive, with 11 kW (15 hp) as suggested minimum power
3. Terminology
requirement (see Fig. 1, Item 5).
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.1.2 Test Stand Base, with appropriate, rigid mounting for
3.1.1 flushing, v—the process of cleaning the test system
the motor, pump, reservoir, and other components.
before testing to prevent cross-contamination. 3,4
6.1.3 Rotary Vane Pump, replaceable cartridge type,
3.1.2 torquing, v—the process of tightening the pump head
Vickers 104C or 105C rated at 28.4 L/min (7.5 gal/min) flow
bolts to achieve a uniform clamping force.
at 1200 r/min with ISO Grade 32 fluid at 49°C (120°F), and 6.9
MPa (1000 psi) (see Fig. 1, Item 4; Fig. 2; and Fig. 3).
4. Summary of Test Method
(Warning—The test pump is rated at 6.9 MPa (1000 psi) but
4.1 An amount of 18.9 6 0.5 L (see Note 1) (5 6 0.13 gal)
is being operated at 13.8 MPa (2000 psi). A protective shield
of a hydraulic fluid are circulated through a rotary vane pump
around the pump is therefore recommended.)
system for 100 h at a pump speed of 1200 6 60 r/min and a
6.1.3.1 There are to be no modifications to the pump
pump outlet pressure of 13.8 6 0.3 MPa (2000 6 40 psi). Fluid
housing, such as plugging the drain hole in the pump body or
temperature at the pump inlet is 66 6 3°C (150 6 5°F) for all
drilling and tapping a hole in the head for an external drain.
water glycols, emulsions, and other water-containing fluids and
for petroleum and synthetic fluids of ISO Grade 46 or lighter.
The replaceable cartridge consists of the cam ring, the rotor, two bushings, a set
of twelve vanes, and an alignment pin. Two different cartridges are available for this
pump. Cartridge No. 429126 is intended to give better performance at 13.8 Mpa and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
uses Rotor No. 429446 and Cam Ring No. 574814. Cartridge No. 912014 uses Rotor
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
No. 2008 and Cam Ring No. 2013. Some users report fewer pump failures when
D02.N on Hydraulic Fluids.
using Rotor No. 2008.
Current edition approved April 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally The individual cartridge parts can be purchased separately, if desired. The
e1
published as D 2882 – 70 T. Last previous edition D 2882 – 90 (1996) . Vickers part numbers for these items are Cam Ring No. 2013 or 574814, Pin No.
2 nd th
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W 42 St., 13 2020, Rotor No. 429446 or 2008, Bronze Bushings Nos. 2015 and 2016, and Vane
Floor, New York, NY 10017. Kit (twelve vanes) No. 912021.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2882
FIG. 1 System Schematic
FIG. 2 Pump Components
6.1.4 Reservoir, (see Fig. 1, Item 1), equipped with a 6.1.4.1 Additional fluid ports may be added as required by
removable baffle and lid, all of stainless steel construction. The the user to assist in measuring fluid level, reservoir tempera-
reservoir design is shown in Figs. 4-6. ture, and so forth.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2882
FIG. 3 Cartridge Kit
FIG. 4 Reservoir
6.1.4.2 If the reservoir is positioned so that the contents The sensing probe shall be inserted into the midpoint of flow.
cannot be visually checked for aeration by removing the lid, a
NOTE 2—Some users have found the addition of a pump outlet
fluid-tight glass viewing port may be located in the side of the
temperature sensor to be a useful diagnostic tool. If used, it shall be
reservoir.
suitable for 13.8 MPa duty and should be placed in the high pressure line
6.1.5 Outlet Pressure Control Valve, Vickers pressure relief
between the pump and the relief valve (see Fig. 1, Item A18).
valve (CT-06-C/500-2000 psi) with either manual or remote
6.1.8 Heat-Exchanger (see Fig. 1, Item 10)—The heat
control (see Fig. 1, Item 8, and Fig. 7).
exchanger should be of adequate size and design to remove the
6.1.6 Temperature-Control Device, suitable for controlling
excess heat from the test system when utilizing the available
coolant flow to the heat exchanger to maintain test fluid at the
coolant supply.
specified temperature (see Fig. 1, Item 11).
NOTE 3—It is suggested that a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger, if
6.1.7 Temperature Indicator (see Fig. 1, Item 3) shall have
used, should be connected in reverse (the hydraulic fluid is passed through
an accuracy of 6 1°C and shall have an appropriate sensor to
the tubes and not around them) so that the interior of the heat exchanger
monitor pump inlet temperature.
can be effectively cleaned between tests.
6.1.7.1 To prevent a flow restriction near the pump inlet
port, the temperature probe shall have a diameter of not more 6.1.9 Pressure Indicator (see Fig. 1, Item 6), to measure
than 6 mm (0.25 in.). pump discharge pressure shall have an accuracy of at least 6
6.1.7.2 The test fluid temperature shall be measured within 0.3 MPa (6 40 psi). The pressure indicator should be snubbed
10.2 cm (4 in.) of the pump inlet (see Fig. 1, Dimension C). (see Fig. 1, Item 7) to prevent damage from pulsations or
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2882
FIG. 5 Reservoir Lid
FIG. 6 Reservoir Baffle
sudden fluctuations of system pressure. test fluid are not incompatible with seals or any other materials
6.1.10 Filter Unit (see Fig. 1, Item 9), 3 μm (minimum Beta in the system.
3 ratio of 100) replaceable fiberglass element with housing.
NOTE 4—The use of galvanized iron, aluminum, zinc, and cadmium
Two new filter elements are required for each test.
should be avoided due to their high potential for corrosion in the presence
6.1.10.1 The filter housing shall be nonbypassing and shall
of many non-petroleum hydraulic fluids.
be provided with dual pressure gages (see Fig. 1, Item 13) or
6.1.14 Flexible Motor Coupling (see Fig. 1, Item 14).
another suitable indicator to monitor pressure across the filter
6.1.15 Fluid Sampling Port, in accordance with ISO 4021
to warn of impending collapse of the element.
(see Fig. 1, Item 16).
6.1.10.2 If dual pressure gages are used to monitor filter
6.2 The various components of the test system shall be
pressure, the rated collapse pressure of the filter element should
placed in the system as indicated in Fig. 1.
be known.
6.2.1 The test system shall be arranged and provided with
6.1.11 Flow-Measuring Device (see Fig. 1, Item 12), with
necessary drain valves so that complete draining is possible
an accuracy of at least 6 0.4 L/min (0.1 gpm).
with no fluid trap areas.
6.1.12 While not required, it is suggested that low-level,
high pressure, high temperature and low flow safety switches 6.2.2 Good hydraulics piping practices should be used when
be incorporated into the system.
constructing the test system to avoid air ingestment points and
6.1.13 A check should be made to ensure that the flush and flow restrictions.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2882
FIG. 7 Relief Valve
allows filter changes and other system maintenance to be performed
6.2.3 The pump should be mounted so that its internal
without draining the reservoir. (WARNING—If a shut-off valve is
surfaces can easily be inspected and cleaned, alignment can be
installed in the fluid return line, the user shall take procedural steps to
checked, and the operator has comfortable access when torqu-
ensure that this valve has been opened before the pump is started. If the
ing the head.
valve is not opened, low pressure system components may rupture.)
6.2.4 The reservoir shall be located above the pump so that
6.2.8 A shut-off valve shall be provided in the reservoir
the fluid level in the reservoir will be between 61 and 66 cm
outlet line (see Fig. 1, Item 2). A “full flow” type of valve with
(24 to 26 in.) above the center line of the pump when the test
an orifice of at least 25 mm (1 in.) is recommended.
system is fully charged with test fluid (see Fig. 1, Dimension
A).
7. Reagents and Materials
6.2.4.1 The reservoir should be mounted so that it can be
7.1 Warning—Use adequate safety provisions with all
cleaned and filled with ease and the contents may be readily
solvents.
inspected by removal of the reservoir lid.
7.2 Aliphatic Naphtha, Stoddard solvent or equivalent is
6.2.5 The inlet line (from the reservoir to the pump intake)
satisfactory. (Warning—Combustible. Vapor harmful.)
shall have an internal diameter of at least 25 mm (1 in.) and
7.3 Precipitation Naphtha.(Warning—Extremely flam-
shall have a straight horizontal run of at least 15 cm (6 in.)
mable. Harmful if inhaled. Vapors can cause flash fire.)
between the inlet elbow (see Fig. 1, Item 15) and the pump
7.4 Isopropanol.(Warning—Flammable.) (Warning—In
inlet port (see Fig. 1, Dimension B).
instances when the solvents listed in Section 7 are not effective,
alternative solvents may be used (see Notes 9 and 10 and
NOTE 5—Some users have found the addition of a compound pressure
gage near the pump inlet port to be a useful diagnostic tool (see Fig. 1,
12.4.10). It is the responsibility of the user to determine the
Item A17). However, care should be taken to ensure that any ports added
suitability of alternative solvents and any hazards associated
to the inlet line do not become air ingestment points.
with their use.
NOTE 6—Some users prefer to use a radius bend instead of an elbow at
the pump inlet (see Fig. 1, Item A19 instead of Item 15). If used, the
8. Test Stand Maintenance
straight run described in 6.2.5, shall still be measured between the end of
8.1 Sensors and shut-off switches should be checked peri-
the bend and the pump inlet port.
odically for proper calibration and operation in accordance
6.2.6 The high pressure discharge line (from the pump to the
with good engineering practice, as determined by the user.
pressure control valve) shall have an outer diameter of 26.7
8.2 It is recommended that the pump shaft (see Fig. 2, Item
mm and a wall thickness of 5.56 mm ( ⁄4in. Schedule 160) and
188328), seals (see Fig. 2, Items 188323, 154077, and 2021),
be made from steel or stainless steel.
and bearings (see Fig. 2, Items 1704 and 1700) be replaced
6.2.7 The fluid return line and fittings (from the pressure
after every five runs (or sooner if high weight loss, vibration,
control valve to the filter, flow counter, heat exchanger, and
cavitation, or visual deterioration is encountered).
reservoir) should have an inside diameter of at least 20.9 mm
8.2.1 Special seals are required for testing with synthetic
and a wall thickness of 2.87 mm ( ⁄4 in. Schedule 40).
fluids. The different Vickers gasket kits that are available for
the V-104C/105C pump are as follows: 919005 for water-
NOTE 7—Some users find the addition of a shut-off valve on the return
line (see Fig. 1, Item A16) to be a useful addition to the piping since it glycols, water-in-oil emulsions, and petroleum; 919298 for
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2882
water-in-oil emulsions, water-glycols, aryl phosphate esters, 8.4.2 Check new shafts and used shafts that have been
and phosphate ester-hydrocarbon blends; and 919038 for alkyl subjected to pump failure or overheating for bending, twist, or
and aryl phosphate esters. damage to the key seat or splines (see Fig. 9, Items 5, 7, and 8).
8.3 Inspect the Pump Body and Head: 8.4.3 Check the surface where the shaft seal rides for
8.3.1 Visually examine the pump head and the interior of the conditions that may cause the seal to leak (see Fig. 9, Item 6).
pump body (see Fig. 2, Items 24064 and 188
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